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KS3 Science Quizzes

GCSE KS4 Science-Chemistry

Advanced Level Chemistry

4_73calcs03com updated Jan 17th 2008

KS4 SCIENCE - Additional & Applied Chemistry help AQA GCSE Science - Chemistry CCEA GCSE Science - Chemistry Edexcel GCSE 360Science - Chemistry OCR GCSE 21st Century Science Suite - Chemistry  OCR GCSE Gateway Science Suite - Chemistry OCR GCSE Applied Science - Chemistry (double award) WJEC GCSE Science - Chemistry

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On-line chemistry CALCULATIONS for KS4 Science, GCSE Chemistry and AS Chemistry (basic calculations)

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study examples carefully3. Conservation of mass calculationsstudy examples carefully

When elements and compounds react to form new products, mass cannot be lost or gained - "The Law of Conservation of Mass" - states that mass cannot be created or destroyed, but changed into different forms, so in a chemical change the total mass of reactants must equal the total mass of products. By using this law, together with atomic and formula masses, you can calculate the quantities of reactants and products involved in a reaction and the simplest formula of a compound (see also Ex 5. shows how to get to a compound's formula).

NOTE: (1) the symbol equation must be correctly balanced to get the right answer! (2) There are good reasons why, when doing a real chemical preparation-reaction to make a substance you will not get 100% of what you theoretically calculate. See discussion in section 14.2

  • Example 3.1: Magnesium + Oxygen ==> Magnesium oxide
    • 2Mg + O2 ==> 2MgO (atomic masses required: Mg=24 and O=16)
    • think of the ==> as an = sign, so the mass changes in the reaction are:
    • (2 x 24) + (2 x 16) = 2 x (24 + 16)
    • 48 + 32 = 2 x 40 and so 80 mass units of reactants = or produces 80 mass units of products (you can work with any mass units such as g, kg or tonne (1 tonne = 1000 kg)
  • Example 3.2: iron + sulphur ==> iron sulphide
    • Fe + S ==> FeS (atomic masses: Fe = 56, S = 32)
    • If 59g of iron is heated with 32g of sulphur to form iron sulphide, how much iron is left unreacted? (assuming all the sulphur reacted)
    • From the atomic masses, 56g of Fe combines with 32g of S to give 88g FeS.
    • This means 59 - 56 = 3g Fe unreacted.
  • Example 3.3: When limestone (calcium carbonate) is strongly heated, it undergoes thermal decomposition to form lime (calcium oxide) and carbon dioxide gas.
    • CaCO3 ==> CaO + CO2 (relative atomic masses: Ca = 40, C = 12 and O = 16)
    • Calculate the mass of calcium oxide and the mass of carbon dioxide formed by decomposing 50 tonnes of calcium carbonate.
    • (40 + 12 + 3x16) ==> (40 + 16) + (12 + 2x16)
    • 100 ==> 56 + 44, scaling down by a factor of two, 50 ==> 28 + 22
    • so decomposing 50 tonnes of limestone produces 28 tonnes of lime and 22 tonnes of carbon dioxide gas.
  • Example 3.4:
  • Self-assessment Quizzes

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  • These chemical calculations pages of revision notes will also prove useful for basic revision for students studying revising tutoring teaching Advanced Level GCE AS A2 IB CHEMISTRY courses in unofficial support the Chemistry in any advanced-subsidiary AQA, EDEXCEL, OCR, CIE, WJEC, SQA and CCEA (NI) UK or Cambridge/London/Edexcel International and OCR/CIE International examinations.

    KS4 SCIENCE - Additional & Applied Chemistry help AQA GCSE Science - Chemistry CCEA GCSE Science - Chemistry Edexcel GCSE 360Science - Chemistry OCR GCSE 21st Century Science Suite - Chemistry  OCR GCSE Gateway Science Suite - Chemistry OCR GCSE Applied Science - Chemistry (double award) WJEC GCSE Science - Chemistry

    ks4 science examinations gcse-igcse chemistry revision *  ks4 science examinations-gcse-igcse chemistry revision *  ks4 science examinations-gcse-igcse chemistry revision *  ks4 science examinations-gcse-igcse chemistry revision *  ks4 science examinations-gcse-igcse chemistry revision *  ks4 science examinations-gcse-igcse chemistry revision * SITE PURPOSE EDUCATION - online learning or 'self-private-tuition' using revision notes, quizzes, practice tests involving GCSE Science CHEMISTRY in the areas of REVISING only the CHEMISTRY-Earth Science-Radioactivity at Doc Brown's Chemistry Clinic via HOMEPAGE in secondary school/schools, 6th form college/colleges, academy/academies or home self-study. Hopefully it will encourage interest and understanding of Chemistry, Earth Science and Radioactivity in any country of the world, though the site is written entirely in English. The website is designed to help and unofficially support students/teachers revise-learn/teach the chemistry for modular or co-ordinated examination science courses from UK QCA based AQA, OCR (Oxford and Cambridge) Twenty First (21st) Century and Gateway Science, Edexcel 360Science , Nuffield, Salters, Cambridge International (CIE), London International, WJEC, CCEA exams etc. Also, national award assessments-examinations for GCSE-IGCSE-KS4-O level-BTEC-NVQ applied, additional and chemistry national science courses. Also covers, mainly via quizzes the UK National KS3 SATs Science-biology/chemistry/physics (SAT revision levels 3-5 or 5-7) and covers much of the revising, learning and teaching chemistry examinations for the national curriculum for secondary schools and colleges. The site does not support the content of England, Wales or Northern Ireland primary science KS1 or KS2. The notes should also provide some background theory for a coursework assignment or project. BUT please note that my on-line revision notes and quizzes are no substitute for good classroom teaching-lecturing and thorough studying of your own notes and textbooks, practicing past papers and a copy of the syllabus which are readily downloaded from the examination board sites, but I hope here and there they will lend a tutoring hand on some topic, unit, module etc. For final revision you have to be intellectually honest about what you don't know or follow, YOU have to take the stuff to pieces, analyse what you do/do not understand and reconstruct it so it all makes sense in the end. There is no other way, there are no magic secrets on how to revise and learn, its mainly down to hard work and just good old fashioned study and employing teach-yourself strategies without the need for extra tutors and tutoring lessons. I also think there is too much hit and miss revision using past papers (which I do NOT supply) and not enough systematic revision. I also hope it will help teachers in planning lessons and developing schemes of work for science-chemistry. There are no lesson plans on the site but there are plenty of quizzes to incorporate into classroom activities whether photocopied or on electronic whiteboard projector for use as self-tuition-assessment purposes and a variety of teaching and learning styles and the images may be used in Microsoft Word documents and powerpoint projections. The site seems to be used by a large number of home study tutors, particularly the revision notes. An individual tutor may print out the notes for science-chemistry learning teaching-tuition purposes and for background material for assignments and projects. I have no interest or time in producing WORD.doc or xxxx.pdf files of the notes at the moment. Neither have I time to write up many practical laboratory experiments ('lab'-'labs') at the moment, but the notes contain lots of background information of chemical reactions in terms of observations-balanced equations-reactants-products-theory etc. I also find it difficult to recommend specific exam websites or syllabus textbooks, it depends exactly on what you need, what you have time for, and there are so many of them to choose from and I do not supply past examination papers for classes. The sites resources include revision notes, quizzes and worksheets which provide support for home study or tuition for homework and coursework help e.g. science investigations for any of the key stage courses indicated, but I do not supply lesson plans.  Dr W P Brown gcse 10-11-2007 *  ks4 science examinations gcse-igcse chemistry revision *  ks4 science examinations-gcse-igcse chemistry revision *  ks4 science examinations-gcse-igcse chemistry revision *  ks4 science examinations-gcse-igcse chemistry revision *  ks4 science examinations-gcse-igcse chemistry revision *  ks4 science examinations-gcse-igcse chemistry revision

    KS3 Science Quizzes

    GCSE KS4 Science-Chemistry

    Advanced Level Chemistry

    4_73calcs03com updated Jan 17th 2008

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