* Advanced Level Chemistry ORGANIC, INORGANIC & PHYSICAL-Theoretical NOTES at Doc Brown's Chemistry

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 Doc Brown's Chemistry A LEVEL REVISION NOTES

Advanced Level Chemistry Revision-Information Notes

Copying of the quizzes by schools and colleges etc. is not permitted © Dr WP Brown

Revision notes for GCE Advanced Subsidiary Level AS Advanced Level A2 IB Revise AQA GCE Chemistry OCR GCE Chemistry Edexcel GCE Chemistry Salters Chemistry CIE Chemistry revising courses for pre-university students (equal to US grade 11 and grade 12 and Honours/honors level courses)

[ADVANCED] * [CHEMISTRY] * [PHYSICAL-THEORETICAL]

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ADVANCED ORGANIC  CHEMISTRY TOPICS

Revision study notes-research-information

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY MECHANISMS

click me! INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC MECHANISMS revision notes: An alphabetical list of some organic terminology and a link to detailed notes on reaction mechanisms: Part Ia alkanes, Part Ib alkenes, Part II halogenoalkanes, Part III alcohols, aldehydes-ketones, acid/acyl chlorides, Part IV aromatic hydrocarbons - arenes

QUALITATIVE TESTS

click me! Qualitative Analysis Tests for organic functional groups notes (use alphabetical index)

ALKANES and OIL

click me! Revision notes on the structure & naming (nomenclature) of ALKANES (and cycloalkanes) notes, including nomenclature of isomers

ALKENES

click me! Revision notes on the structure and naming of ALKENES (including cyclo..), including nomenclature of many isomers

HALOGENOALKANES (HALOALKANES)

click me! Revision notes on the structure and naming of HALOGENOALKANES (notes parts 1-3), including nomenclature of many isomers

ALCOHOLS and ETHERS

click me! Revision notes on the structure and naming (nomenclature) of aliphatic ALCOHOLS, ETHERS, expoxy-alkanes (parts 1-2), including isomers

ALDEHYDES and KETONES

click me! Revision notes on the Structure and Naming of Aldehydes and Ketones, including nomenclature of isomers

CARBOXYLIC ACIDS and DERIVATIVES e.g. substituted molecules, esters, amides, acyl chlorides etc.

click me! Revision notes on the structure and naming of CARBOXYLIC ACIDS and DERIVATIVES, including nomenclature of isomers

FUNCTIONAL GROUP SUMMARY

click me! A summary of homologous series, functional group names and structure in Organic Chemistry

ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS

click me! Revision notes on the Structure, Classification and Naming of Organic Nitrogen Compounds, including nomenclature of isomers

AROMATIC COMPOUNDS

click me! Notes on the Structure and Naming of Aromatic Compounds, including nomenclature of isomers

ORGANIC MOLECULE SHAPES and BOND ANGLES

click me! Revision notes on molecule shapes - section added on the bond angles of organic molecules

ISOMERISM in ORGANIC MOLECULES

click me! Introduction to ISOMERISM in organic molecules and 4 pages of revision notes on structural isomerism and stereoisomerism

Structural Isomerism: Case studies of chain, positional, functional group, tautomerism isomerism

Stereoisomerism: Geometrical Isomerism (E/Z cis/trans), Optical Isomerism (R/S)

Some stereochemistry of proteins and polymers

Chirality Q

ORGANIC REDOX REACTIONS detailed notes and redox synthesis reaction

doc b Revision notes on Oxidation and reduction synthesis reactions, fuel cells etc. (sub-indexes of sections)

ADVANCED INORGANIC  CHEMISTRY TOPICS

Revision study notes-research-information

QUALITATIVE INORGANIC ANALYSIS

click me! Qualitative Analysis Tests for inorganic gases, ions (cations and anions) etc. (use alphabetical index)

INORGANIC CHEMISTRY THEORY

click me! Revision notes on Inorganic redox reactions - electronegativity, oxidation number analysis and constructing full redox equations from half-cell reactions etc. (sub-indexes of sections)

ADVANCED LEVEL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - THE PERIODIC TABLE and PERIODICITY - all the revision notes pages listed below have their sub-indexes for each section and an index linking all the advanced level inorganic chemistry together.

click me! Part 1 Historical Introduction to the Periodic Table

click me! Part 2 Electronic Structure, Hydrogen Spectrum Ionisation Energies (7 sections over 3 pages after re-editing)

Electron configurations of elements (Z = 1 to 56), ions and the Periodic Table

Spectroscopy, hydrogen spectrum, evidence of quantum levels, ionisation energy patterns

click me! Part 3 Survey of Period 1: hydrogen H to helium He (1 page only)

click me! Part 4 Survey of Period 2: lithium Li to neon Ne (3 pages)

click me! Period 2 trends & explanations of physical properties

click me! Period 2 trends in bonding, structure, oxidation state, formulae and reactions

click me! Part 5.1 Survey of Period 3: sodium Na to argon Ar (3 pages)

click me! 5.2 Period 3 trends & explanations of physical properties

click me! 5.3 Period 3 trends in bonding, structure, oxidation state, formulae and reactions

Part 5 Survey of Period 4 elements

6.2 Period 4 trends in physical properties

6.3 Period 4 trends in bonding and formulae

6.4 Important trends down Groups

click me! Part 7 Group 1 Alkali Metals and Group 2 Alkaline Earth Metals 7.1 Introduction * 7.2 Group 1 data and graphs * 7.3 Group 2 data and graphs * 7.4 General trends down the group and formulae * 7.5 Oxygen reaction & oxides * 7.6 Water reaction & hydroxides * 7.7 Acid reaction & salts * 7.8 chlorine reaction - halides * 7.9 carbonates & hydrogen carbonates * 7.10 Solubility trends of OH, NO3,SO4,CO3's * 7.11 Thermal decomposition and stability of carbonates & nitrates * 7.12 Uses of group 1-2 metals and their compounds

Part 8 The p-block elements  : 8.1 Group 3/13 Introduction : Boron : Aluminium * 8.2 Group 4/14 Introduction : Carbon : Silicon : Semi-metals like Ge * 8.3 Group 5/15 Introduction : Nitrogen : Phosphorus * 8.4 Group 6/16 Introduction : Oxygen : Sulfur * 8.5 Group 0/18 The Noble Gases

Part 9 Group 7/17 The Halogens 9.1 Introduction, trends & Group 7/17 data * 9.2 Halogen displacement reaction and reactivity trend  * 9.3 Reactions of halogens with other elements * 9.4 Reaction between halide salts and conc. sulfuric acid * 9.5 Tests for halogens and halide ions * 9.6 Extraction of halogens from natural sources * 9.7 Uses of halogens & compounds * 9.8 Oxidation & Reduction - more on redox reactions of halogens & halide ions * 9.9 Volumetric analysis - titrations involving halogens or halide ions * 9.10 Ozone, CFC's and halogen organic chemistry links * 9.11 Chemical bonding in halogen compounds * 9.12 Miscellaneous aspects of halogen chemistry

click me! Part 10 3d block TRANSITION METALS: 10.1-10.2 Introduction 3d-block Transition Metals and Data * 10.3 Scandium * 10.4 Titanium * 10.5 Vanadium * 10.6 Chromium * 10.7 Manganese * 10.8 Iron * 10.9  Cobalt * 10.10 Nickel * 10.11 Copper * 10.12 Zinc * 10.13 Other Transition Metals e.g. Ag and Pt * Appendix 1. Hydrated salts, acidity of hexa-aqua ions * Appendix 2. Complexes & ligands * Appendix 3. Complexes and isomerism * Appendix 4. Electron configuration & colour theory * Appendix 5. Redox equations, feasibility, Eø * Appendix 6. Catalysis * Appendix 7. Redox equations * Appendix 8. Stability Constants and entropy changes * Appendix 9. Colorimetric analysis and complex ion formula * Extra Appendix 10 3d block - extended data * Appendix 11 Some 3d-block compounds, complexes, oxidation states & electrode potentials * Appendix 12 Hydroxide complex precipitate 'pictures', formulae and equations

click me! Part 11A: Data  tables on Groups 1-7,0, 3d-block-Transition Metals Series, (Groups 1-18) & Periods 2-4

with links to the periodicity graphs for Periods 1-4 and start of 5 listed below

click me! 11B(i) Periodicity graphs for elements Z = 1 to 20 Period 1 to start of Period 4 (all re-edited)

 11B(ii) Periodicity graph for elements Z = 1 to 38 Period 1 to start of Period 5 (all re-edited)

 11B(iii) Periodicity graph for elements Z = 1 to 96 Period 1 to start of Period 7 (all re-edited)

 11B(iv) DATA for the Periodicity plots

ADVANCED PHYSICAL-THEORETICAL CHEMISTRY TOPICS

Revision study notes-research-information

CALCULATIONS and QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS -  all with worked out answers or feedback for self-assessment

click me! GCSE and AS basic Calculations sections 1 to 15 indexed (c) doc b examples, notes and short tests * Section 7 has a set of calculations based on the Avogadro Constant plus Answers. There are lots of accompanying quizzes to go with the exemplar notes.

click me! Acid-base and other non-redox titration calculation questions

click me! redox titration calculation questions

ATOMIC STRUCTURE, RADIOACTIVITY ELECTRON CONFIGURATIONS and BONDING

click me! Revision notes on all you need to know on ATOMIC STRUCTURE for advanced level

click me! Notes on all you will ever need to know about RADIOACTIVITY for advanced level

click me! Electronic Structure and Ionisation Energies

click me! Revision notes on the basics on Ionic, Covalent and Metallic BONDING

click me! Revision notes on shapes of simple molecules, ions, transition metal complexes

Shape, bond angles of particular oxide/oxyanion molecules/ions of carbon, nitrogen, sulfur/sulphur and chlorine

ENERGETICS - THERMOCHEMISTRY and THERMODYNAMICS

click me! Basic notes of exothermic and endothermic reactions and calculation of enthalpy changes from 'simple' calorimetry experiments and resulting data

Part 1: Thermochemistry - Calorimetry experiments - Enthalpies of reaction,formation, combustion and bond dissociation are explained with exemplar calculations * A set of Enthalpy Questions

Part 2 ΔH Enthalpies of ion hydration, solution, atomisation, lattice energy, electron affinity and the Born-Haber cycle

Part 3 ΔS Entropy and ΔG Free Energy Changes

CHEMICAL KINETICS

GCSE notes for the basics of rates of reactions

KINETICS - advanced rates of reactions revision notes: temperature effect and activation energy, homogeneous catalysts and heterogeneous catalysts, obtaining data, rate expressions and orders of reaction, deducing orders of reaction

See also computer simulation of Maxwell-Boltzman distribution of kinetic energies

KINETICS - advanced rates of reactions revision notes: Selected case studies of kinetics and rate expressions and calculations, deriving the activation energy Ea from kinetics-rates data and Kinetic versus thermodynamic stability

 
OXIDATION STATES and REDOX REACTIONS

click me! Revision notes on Inorganic and organic REDOX reactions, oxidation state explained etc.  (sub-indexes of sections)

SPECTROSCOPY

Simple NMR problem solving with % composition and infra-red absorption data

STATES OF MATTER - KINETIC PARTICLE THEORY

States of Matter Part 1 gas-liquid-solid BASIC revision notes

(c) doc bStates of Matter Part 2 More advanced topics on the Ideal Gas Laws, p-V-T and PV=nRT calculations, kinetic particle model-theory and ideal and non-ideal real gas behaviour (compressibility factors and Van der Waals equation), critical point - critical pressure/temperature

Also Computer simulations of kinetic particle theory - Maxwell Boltzman Distribution of particle speeds/KE'

EQUILIBRIA - Theory and Examples of CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM

Starter GCSE Notes-reversible reactions-equilibrium * Starter GCSE Notes on Electrochemistry:

Part 1. (c) doc bAdvanced Chemistry Equilibria Part 1. Dynamic molecular equilibrium and Le Chatelier's principle

Part 2. Kc and Kp equilibrium expressions and calculations

Part 3. Equilibria and industrial processes

Part 4. Partition, solubility product and ion-exchange

Part 5. Equilibria:  5.1 Lewis and Bronsted-Lowry acid-base theories * 5.2 self-ionisation of water and pH scale * 5.3 strong acids-examples-calculations * 5.4 weak acids-examples & pH-Ka-pKa calculations * 5.5 strong bases-examples-pH calculations * 5.6 weak bases- examples & pH-Kb-pKb calculations * 5.7 A level notes on Acids, Bases, Salts, uses of acid-base titrations - upgrade from GCSE!

Part 6 Equilibria: 6.1 Salt hydrolysis * 6.2 Acid-base indicator theory, pH curves and titrations * 6.3 Buffers - definition, formulation and action * 6.4 Buffer calculations * 6.5 Case studies of buffer function

Part 7. Redox equilibria, half-cell electrode potentials, electrolysis and electrochemical series

Part 8.  8.1 Vapour pressure origin and examples * 8.2.1 Introduction to Intermolecular Forces * 8.2.2 Detailed comparative discussion of boiling points of 8 organic molecules * 8.3 Boiling point plots for six organic homologous series * 8.4 Other case studies of boiling points related to intermolecular forces * 8.5 Steam distillation - theory and practice * 8.6 Evidence and theory for hydrogen bonding in simple covalent hydrides * 8.7 Solubility of covalent compounds, miscible and immiscible liquids

Other Notes Links

click me for uses of chemicals! Uses of chemicals, 220+ examples in alphabetical order, GCSE orientated, but still useful quotes
 

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