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 KEEPING HEALTHY - Diet and Exercise
Balanced nutritious food intake and doing some regular aerobics to help reduce
the risk from some non-communicable diseases, obesity indexes, effects of diet
deficiencies
This section helps you with questions like
...
What constitutes a healthy balanced diet?
Why do we need protein in our diet?
Why do we need both fats and
carbohydrates in our diet? What is metabolism?
Why is regular exercise good for? What are our energy requirements and why?
*
Sub-index for this page
(1)
What is a healthy
balanced diet?
(2)
What are the consequences of an unbalanced,
unhealthy or inadequate diet?
(3)
Metabolism,
body mass and what are our energy requirement?, note on inherited factors
(4
Aerobic
exercise reduces risk from some non-communicable diseases
(5)
Obesity and measures
of obesity - body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio
(6)
Measuring the calorific
value of foods e.g. theoretical energy released on metabolising oil or fat
Learning objectives for this section on diet and exercise
-
Appreciate
that a combination of a
balanced diet and regular exercise is needed to help keep the body
healthy.
-
Be aware that our bodies provide a
good environment for many microbes to live and multiply at our expense
and can make us ill once they are inside our body.
-
Our bodies need to be capable of stopping
most microbes from getting in and dealing with any microbes which do
get in.
-
You are expected to be able to ...
-
... evaluate information about the effect
of food on health,
-
evaluate information about the effect of
lifestyle on development of disease,
-
and analyse and evaluate claims made by
slimming programmes, and slimming products.
-
There are lots of slimming products on
the market eg from special diets ('Atkins Diet'), diet pills, low calorie
milkshakes, soups, ready made meals etc. but how do you know which is likely
to be effective?
-
BUT has the diet been properly
scientifically tested and evaluated?
-
Have different research groups agreed on
the effectiveness or otherwise of a particular diet strategy?
-
Is the only information on the diet, that
supplied by the manufacturer?, so no independent review of the diet's
effects on body weight, just the non-verified company's opinion!
-
In the end for many people the best thing
is to take in less calories and eat a smaller better balanced nutritious
diet AND take more exercise.
-
In all cases the necessary data and
information will be provided in the exam paper.
-
Even a study of food labels
is useful eg what energy does a food provide, what is the protein,
carbohydrate/sugar, fat, fibre, minerals (salt, calcium, iodine) content
etc.
-
What are the health implications for the
content of the food in a meal OR what is the meal deficient in? ie are you
having a good balanced diet meal?
-
Note that knowledge and understanding of
...
-
See also
Respiration - aerobic and anaerobic
gcse biology revision notes
-
Seeing computer simulations to model
-
Appreciate the effects of having a balanced diet and regular exercise,
as opposed to an unhealthy diet and lack of exercise.
TOP
OF PAGE and sub-index
WHERE
NEXT?
See also
Respiration - aerobic and anaerobic
and
Keeping healthy - non-communicable
diseases - risk factors for e.g. CVD, cancers, obesity, diabetes
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General HUMAN BIOLOGY revision notes
See also cell biology index above
Introduction to the organisation of cells =>
tissues => organs => organ systems
Examples of surfaces for the exchange of substances in
animal organisms
See also
Enzymes -
section on digestion and synthesis
The human circulatory system - heart, lungs, blood,
blood vessels, causes/treatment of cardiovascular disease
Homeostasis - introduction to how it functions
(negative feedback systems explained)
Homeostasis - control of blood sugar level -
insulin and diabetes
Homeostasis - osmoregulation, ADH, water control,
urea and ion concentrations and kidney function, dialysis
Homeostasis - thermoregulation, control of
temperature
The brain - what the different parts do and the dangers
if damaged
An introduction to the nervous system including
the reflex arc
Hormone systems - Introduction to the endocrine
system - adrenaline & thyroxine hormones
Hormone systems - menstrual cycle, contraception,
fertility treatments
Respiration - aerobic and anaerobic in plants and
animals
Keeping healthy - communicable diseases -
pathogen infections
Keeping healthy - non-communicable
diseases - risk factors for e.g. cancers
Keeping healthy - defence against pathogens,
infectious diseases, vaccination, drugs, monoclonal antibodies
See also
Culturing
microorganisms like bacteria - testing antibiotics/antiseptics
Food tests for reducing sugars, starch, proteins and
lipids
The eye - structure and function - correction of vision
defects
Optics - lens types (convex, concave,
uses), experiments, ray diagrams, correction of eye defects (gcse
physics)
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