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Diet
and exercise :
2.
What are the consequences of an unbalanced unhealthy
inadequate diet?
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(2) What are the consequences of an unbalanced unhealthy
inadequate diet?
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Overeating of energy rich foods leads to obesity and
ensuing health problems (see
section on obesity)
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Receiving insufficient food can cause
starvation or malnutrition.
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A person is malnourished if their
diet is not balanced.
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Lack of a good healthy diet can cause a
person to be overweight or underweight.
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An unbalanced diet may also lead to
deficiency diseases or conditions such as Type 2 diabetes.
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You need to eat the right types of
healthy food and in the right amounts/proportions to maintain a healthy
body.
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Starvation is when people do not get enough food to
eat.
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Malnutrition:
People who live on a poorly balanced diet are
malnourished and malnourishment is common in the poorer developing
countries of the world e.g. in Africa. What you then get are deficiency
diseases.
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Don't confuse malnutrition with
starvation, where there is not enough food of any description to
maintain life - the pictures you see on your TV of very thin people in
Africa, on the edge of life exemplifies this pitiful state.
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However, malnourished people can be
overweight as well as thin, from an imbalanced diet e.g. those fat
people who live off too much junk food and excess fat are as
malnourished in some ways just as much as a 'thin' person in a poor
third world country!
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The effects of malnutrition do depend
on what is missing from the diet but common symptoms are slow growth in
children (arrested development), weight loss in adults, poor resistance
to disease and infection, fatigue (low physical activity, lack of
energy).
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Particular deficiency diseases are
caused by lack of specific vitamins or minerals e.g. lack of
vitamin C causes scurvy which leads to problems with gums, skin and
joints. Organ and other tissue is not efficiently repaired and
ulceration is common.
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Lack of iron can lead to anaemia, lack of
oxygenated haemoglobin in the blood - you become weak and lacking in
energy as respiration is less efficient.
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Not getting enough protein in your diet causes
kwashiorkor, an illness caused by severe protein deficiency, often
seen in people of developing countries e.g. in Africa.
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Lack of calcium in a diet affects bones, which
become soft and poorly developed in young children. Calcium based
minerals are an important component in the structure of the teeth and
skeleton.
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