GCSE level (age ~14-16) School Physics Notes: Big bang theory evidence and origin of our universe

Use the page sub-index, take time to study the content or [Use the website search box] re-edit 25/05/2023

INDEX of notes on COSMOLOGY

Evidence and theories for the origin of the Universe

The Big Bang Theory of the Universe

evidence from observations of the 'red-shift', cosmic microwave background radiation, cosmology and the Hubble equation

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Sub-index for this section on cosmology

(1) An introduction to cosmological models

(2) Explaining the Doppler effect in a cosmological context

(3) Why do we get light from stars? How do we analyse this light?

(4) In terms of cosmology, what is the red-shift?

(5) How does the red-shift & Hubble equation relate to our big bang theory of the universe and origins?

(6) Other evidence for the 'Big Bang Theory' of the universe

 See also Astronomy - solar system and satellites

 and the Life Cycle of Stars for more detailed notes on stars


Some learning objectives for this page - not an easy topic!

(a) Know and understand that if a wave source is moving relative to an observer there will be a change in the observed wavelength and frequency.

(b) You should know that there is an observed increase in the wavelength of light from most distant galaxies.

(c) Appreciate how the observed red-shift provides evidence that the universe is expanding and supports the ‘Big Bang’ theory (that the universe began from a very small initial point).

(d) Know that cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR) is a form of electromagnetic radiation filling the universe.

(e) Appreciate that the ‘Big Bang’ theory is currently the only theory that can explain the existence of CMBR.


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