Advanced Organic Chemistry: Infrared spectrum of methyl ethanoate CH3COOCH3

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Interpreting and explaining the infrared spectrum of methyl ethanoate (methyl acetate)

[Author © Dr Phil Brown PhD: Doc Brown's advanced level organic chemistry exam revision notes suitable for students of UK A level chemistry courses & US K12 grade 11, grade 12 and AP honors chemistry courses: Molecular spectroscopy - analysing the infrared spectra of methyl ethanoate (methyl acetate) [spectra page updated April 4th 2026 *]

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Introductory note on the infrared spectrum of methyl ethanoate

Students and teachers please note my explanation of the infrared spectrum of methyl ethanoate is designed for advanced, but pre-university, chemistry courses.

Based in the infrared spectrum diagram for methyl ethanoate, only some of the most prominent peaks for particular bond vibrations are discussed, particularly if methyl ethanoate has a functional group with a particular characteristic wavenumber peak.

The infrared spectrum of methyl ethanoate is unique and the whole, or selected wavenumbers, can be used to fingerprint its identity, sometimes analysing a mixture containing methyl ethanoate or following its change of concentration in a reaction.

infrared spectrum of methyl ethanoate C3H6O2 CH3COOCH3 wavenumbers cm-1 functional group detection fingerprint pattern identification of methyl acetate doc brown's advanced organic chemistry revision notes 

Spectra obtained from a liquid film of methyl ethanoate. The right-hand part of the of the infrared spectrum of methyl ethanoate, wavenumbers ~1500 to 400 cm-1 is considered the fingerprint region for the identification of methyl ethanoate and most organic compounds. It is due to a unique set of complex overlapping vibrations of the atoms of the molecule of methyl ethanoate.

methyl ethanoate (methyl acetate), (c) doc b,(c) doc b , (c) doc b, (c) doc b

The molecular structure and naming of carboxylic acids and derivatives

Interpretation of the infrared spectrum of methyl ethanoate

The most prominent infrared absorption lines of methyl ethanoate

C-H stretching vibration absorptions occur in the wavenumber region 2975 to 2860 cm-1.

Not very important, common to most organic molecules.

For saturated aliphatic esters, C=O stretching vibration absorptions occur in the wavenumber region 1750 to 1735 cm-1.

This is a very characteristic absorption for any molecule e.g. an ester, with a carbonyl group.

For ethanoate esters, C-O stretching vibration absorptions occur in the wavenumber region 1250 to 1230 cm-1.

The absence of other specific functional group bands will show that a particular functional group is absent from the methyl ethanoate molecular structure e.g. no hydroxyl group vibration, a wide band at ~3500 to 2500 cm-1, obviously not expected for an ester like methyl ethanoate, but expected for a carboxylic acid like the isomeric propanoic acid.


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Links associated with methyl ethanoate

The mass spectrum of methyl ethanoate (methyl acetate)

The H-1 NMR spectrum of methyl ethanoate (methyl acetate)

The C-13 NMR spectrum of methyl ethanoate (methyl acetate)

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