Advanced Organic Chemistry: Infrared spectrum of ethylamine CH3CH2NH2

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Interpreting and explaining the infrared spectrum of ethylamine (ethanamine)

[Author © Dr Phil Brown PhD: Doc Brown's advanced level organic chemistry exam revision notes suitable for students of UK A level chemistry courses & US K12 grade 11, grade 12 and AP honors chemistry courses: Molecular spectroscopy - analysing the infrared spectra of ethylamine [spectra page updated April 3rd 2026 *]

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 Infrared spectroscopy - spectra index

Introductory note on the infrared spectrum of ethylamine

Students and teachers please note my explanation of the infrared spectrum of ethylamine is designed for advanced, but pre-university, chemistry courses.

Based in the infrared spectrum diagram for ethylamine, only some of the most prominent peaks for particular bond vibrations are discussed, particularly if ethylamine has a functional group with a particular characteristic wavenumber peak.

The infrared spectrum of ethylamine is unique and the whole, or selected wavenumbers, can be used to fingerprint its identity, sometimes analysing a mixture containing ethylamine or following its change of concentration in a reaction.

infrared spectrum of ethylamine C2H7N CH3CH2NH2 wavenumbers cm-1 functional group detection fingerprint pattern identification of ethanamine doc brown's advanced organic chemistry revision notes 

Spectra obtained from a liquid film of ethylamine. The right-hand part of the of the infrared spectrum of ethylamine, wavenumbers ~1500 to 400 cm-1 is considered the fingerprint region for the identification of ethylamine and most organic compounds. It is due to a unique set of complex overlapping vibrations of the atoms of the molecule of ethylamine.

Ethylamine (aminoethane, ethanamine), C2H7N,  (c) doc b, (c) doc b, (c) doc b

(c) doc b The classification, structure and naming of organic nitrogen compounds

Interpretation of the infrared spectrum of ethylamine

The most prominent infrared absorption lines of ethylamine

At wavenumbers ~3500 to 3300 cm-1 is a broad band for N-H bond stretching vibrations,  characteristic of amines.

Primary amines have a highly polar bond (δ-N-Hδ+) and the intermolecular forces are increased by permanent dipole - permanent dipole attractions including hydrogen bonding (N-Hδ+llllδ-N-H) between the ethylamine molecules (diagram below).

The hydrogen bonding interferes with the N-H stretching vibrations producing the broad band peaking at around ~3400 cm-1.

hydrogen bonding in aliphatic amines stronger intermolecular force bonds bonding higher boiling points compared to alkanes with no hydrogen bonding

There are also characteristic bands due to N-H vibrations at wavenumbers ~1650 to 1580 cm-1.

Absorption due to C-N vibrations, characteristic of C-N bonds in aliphatic amines like ethylamine occur at 1220 to 1020 cm-1.

Around 3000 to 2800 cm-1 are absorptions due to C-H stretching vibrations - they overlap with the N-H stretching vibrations.

The absence of other specific functional group bands will show that particular functional group is absent from the ethylamine molecular structure.

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Links associated with ethylamine

The mass spectrum of ethylamine

The H-1 NMR spectrum of ethylamine

The C-13 NMR spectrum of ethylamine

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