Advanced Organic Chemistry: Carbon-13 NMR spectrum of 1,2-dioxane

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Interpreting and explaining the Carbon-13 NMR spectrum of 1,2-dioxane

[Author © Dr Phil Brown PhD: Doc Brown's advanced level organic chemistry exam revision notes suitable for students of UK A level chemistry courses & US K12 grade 11, grade 12 and AP honors chemistry courses: Molecular spectrometry - analysing the 1H NMR spectra of 1,2-dioxane [spectra page updated April 3rd 2026 *]

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 C-13 NMR spectroscopy - spectra index


Introductory note on the 13C NMR spectrum of 1,2-dioxane

Students and teachers please note that my explanation of the carbon-13 NMR spectrum of 1,2-dioxane is designed for advanced, but pre-university, chemistry courses.

The description does not involve the chemical shift δ spin-spin coupling effects for 1,2-dioxane and the relative size of the carbon-13 NMR shifts does not give the ratio of the carbon atoms in the different non-equivalent chemical environments of the 1,2-dioxane molecule.

The most common solvent used for investigating the 13C NMR spectrum of compounds like 1,2-dioxane, is CDCl3 and other deuterated solvents.

13C nmr spectrum of 1,2-dioxane C4H8O2 analysis of chemical shifts ppm interpretation of C-13 chemical shifts ppm of ortho-dioxane C13 13-C nmr doc brown's advanced organic chemistry revision notes 

TMS is the acronym for tetramethylsilane, formula Si(CH3)4, whose 13C atoms are arbitrarily given a chemical shift of 0.0 ppm. This is the 'standard' in 13C NMR spectroscopy and all other 13C resonances, called chemical shifts, are measured with respect to the TMS, and depend on the individual (electronic) chemical environment of the 13C atoms in an organic molecule - 1,2-dioxane here.

Interpreting the C-13 NMR spectrum of 1,2-dioxane

As you can see from the diagram above there are 2 different 13C chemical shift lines in the C-13 NMR spectrum of 1,2-dioxane indicating 2 different chemical environments of the 4 carbon atoms of 1,2-dioxane.

13C chemical shifts (a) to (b) on the C-13 NMR spectrum diagram for 1,2-dioxane.

The (a) CH2 carbon atoms are equivalent to each other (nearest the oxygen atoms), and also the (b) CH2 carbon atoms are equivalent to each other (farthest  from the oxygen atoms) because of the symmetry of the 1,2-dioxane ring molecule.

The carbon-13 NMR spectra provides direct evidence of 2 different carbon atom environments for the 4 carbon atoms in the 1,2-dioxane molecule, deduced from the presence of 2 different 13C NMR chemical shifts (ppm).


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Links associated with 1,2-dioxane

The infrared spectrum of 1,2-dioxane (a cyclic peroxide), not available?

The infrared spectrum of 1,3-dioxane (a cyclic ether)

The infrared spectrum of 1,4-dioxane (a cyclic ether)

The mass spectrum of 1,2-dioxane (a cyclic peroxide), not available?

The mass spectrum of 1,3-dioxane (a cyclic ether)

The mass spectrum of 1,4-dioxane (a cyclic ether)

The H-1 spectrum of 1,2-dioxane (a cyclic peroxide)

The H-1 spectrum of 1,3-dioxane (a cyclic ether)

The H-1 spectrum of 1,4-dioxane (a cyclic ether)

The C-13 spectrum of 1,2-dioxane (a cyclic peroxide)

The C-13 spectrum of 1,3-dioxane (a cyclic ether)

The C-13 spectrum of 1,4-dioxane (a cyclic ether)

C-13 NMR spectroscopy index

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