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Doc Brown's Advanced A-level chemistry revision notes * Associated links The shape and bond angles of the gaseous beryllium hydride molecule Gaseous group 2 hydrides XQ2 (Q = H, X = Be or Mg) Be 1s22s2 , Mg 1s22s22p63s2 and H 1s1 Be and Mg are group 2 elements with two outer valence electrons and so can form two single covalent bonds - 2 bond pairs with hydrogen atoms - but no 'octet' of valence electrons around the central atom. There are no lone pairs of non-bonding valence electrons. Beryllium hydride is an electron deficient molecule with the two single covalent bonds of linear geometry from sp hybridisation. VSEPR theory argument predicts a linear shaped H-Be-H (or H-Mg-H) molecule because there are only two groups of bonding electrons around the central atom mutually repelling other to the maximum angle of 180o (this assumes we are dealing an isolated molecule in the gaseous state). There is also unstable gaseous MgH2 at high temperatures, magnesium is also in group 2 with an electron configuration of 1s22s22p63s2, so the predicted shape and bond angle are the same i.e. linear shape and bond angle 180o.) When beryllium hydride or magnesium hydride are condensed they form solid stable complex polymeric structures. Position of the elements beryllium and hydrogen in the Periodic Table
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