(6a)
Gonorrhoea is a bacterium that is classed as a sexually
transmitted disease (STD)
(Neisseria gonorrhoeae or
gonococcus bacteria, causes a sexually transmitted infection, STI)
(A sexually transmitted infection can be defined as an
infection that is transmitted via body fluids through sexual
contact.)
Sexually transmitted diseases are passed on by sexual contact
e.g. having unprotected sex when the bacteria can be transferred
from one person to another.
A person infected with gonorrhoea bacteria will experience pain
on urination and other symptoms include a thick yellow or green
discharge from the penis or the vagina.
Gonorrhoea was, and still is, treated with the antibiotic
penicillin, but unfortunately, strains of bacteria have evolved that
resist this treatment, making it less effective
The best strategy to reduce the spread of gonorrhoea is to treat
patients with new antibiotics that the bacteria are not as resistant
too AND to use barrier methods of contraception like condoms to
prevent infection and spreading by contact.
(6b)
Chlamydia
is a kind bacterium that is
also classed as a sexually
transmitted disease (STD)
(Chlamydia is also described as sexually transmitted infection, STI)
(An STI can be caused by a bacteria,
fungus, protist or virus)
(A sexually transmitted infection can be defined as an
infection that is transmitted via body fluids through sexual
contact.)
Chlamydia bacteria behave like a virus,
because they can only
reproduce inside a living host cell.
Sexually transmitted diseases are passed on by sexual contact
e.g. having unprotected sexual intercourse.
For 70% of women, chlamydia doesn't always produce symptoms BUT it can cause
infertility in men and women.
Observed symptoms of chlamydia include:
pain when urinating, unusual vaginal, discharge, pain in the
tummy or pelvis, pain during sex, bleeding after sex and
bleeding between periods
It is possible for chlamydia to be passed on
from an infected mother to her child during childbirth.
The spread of chlamydia can be reduced by ...
(i) wearing a condom during sexual intercourse,
(ii) screening individuals, so that if
diagnosed, they can be treated with
oral antibiotics, and this reduces the time frame in which the
infected person could unknowingly pass on the infection.
(iii) refraining from sexual contact.
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