[me-17] The reactions in the blast furnace to produce iron are summarised by equations (1) to (4). The symbol equations may NOT be numerically balanced. ... (1) C + O2 ==> CO2 ... (2) CO2 + C ==> CO ... (3) Fe2O3 + CO ==> Fe + CO2 ... (4) CaCO3 + SiO2 ==> CaSiO3 + CO2 Which statement is TRUE?
in reaction (1) carbon is oxidised
in reaction (2) carbon is reduced
in reaction (3) carbon dioxide is oxidised
in reaction (4) calcium carbonate is reduced
[me-18] The reactions in the blast furnace to produce iron are summarised by equations (1) to (4). The symbol equations may NOT be numerically balanced. ... (1) C + O2 ==> CO2 ... (2) CO2 + C ==> CO ... (3) Fe2O3 + CO ==> Fe + CO2 ... (4) CaCO3 + SiO2 ==> CaSiO3 + CO2 Which statement is TRUE?
in reaction (1) carbon is reduced
in reaction (2) carbon is oxidised
in reaction (3) carbon dioxide is oxidised
in reaction (4) calcium carbonate is reduced
[me-19] The reactions in the blast furnace to produce iron are summarised by equations (1) to (4). The symbol equations may NOT be numerically balanced. ... (1) C + O2 ==> CO2 ... (2) CO2 + C ==> CO ... (3) Fe2O3 + CO ==> Fe + CO2 ... (4) CaCO3 + SiO2 ==> CaSiO3 + CO2 Which statement is TRUE?
in reaction (1) carbon is reduced
in reaction (3) iron is oxidised
in reaction (2) carbon dioxide is reduced
in reaction (4) calcium carbonate is oxidised
[me-20] The reactions in the blast furnace to produce iron are summarised by equations (1) to (4). The symbol equations may NOT be numerically balanced. ... (1) C + O2 ==> CO2 ... (2) CO2 + C ==> CO ... (3) Fe2O3 + CO ==> Fe + CO2 ... (4) CaCO3 + SiO2 ==> CaSiO3 + CO2 Which statement is TRUE?
in reaction (1) carbon is reduced
in reaction (4) calcium carbonate is oxidised
in reaction (2) carbon monoxide is oxidised
in reaction (3) iron oxide is reduced
[me-21] The reactions in the blast furnace to produce iron are summarised by equations (1) to (4). The symbol equations may NOT be numerically balanced. ... (1) C + O2 ==> CO2 ... (2) CO2 + C ==> CO ... (3) Fe2O3 + CO ==> Fe + CO2 ... (4) CaCO3 + SiO2 ==> CaSiO3 + CO2 Which statement is TRUE?
in reaction (3) carbon monoxide is oxidised
in reaction (4) silicon dioxide is reduced
in reaction (1) carbon is reduced
in reaction (3) iron is oxidised
In the reactions in a blast furnace what happens to most of the carbon monoxide? [me-22]
it reacts with carbon to form carbon dioxide
it combines with the oxygen in the iron oxide ore
it reacts with the oxygen in the hot air to form carbon dioxide
it reacts with silica and limestone to form the 'slag'
Oxidation of a substance can be defined as? [me-23]
a molecule reacting with oxygen molecules
an atom losing oxygen atoms
an atom or molecule combining with oxygen
a molecule losing oxygen atoms
Reduction of a substance can be defined as? [me-24]
a molecule not reacting with oxygen molecules
an atom gaining oxygen atoms
an atom or molecule combining with oxygen
a molecule losing oxygen atoms
To produce aluminium, electricity is passed through? [me-31]
molten aluminium oxide and molten cryolite
molten cryolite
molten aluminium oxide
molten aluminium oxide and molten limestone
To produce aluminium by electrolysis the ore must be molten so that? [me-32]
the aluminium oxide decomposes with the heat
the ions from the ore are free to move
the molecules from the ore are free to move
the aluminium formed will be liquid
During the electrolysis of molten aluminium oxide ore, the aluminium ions move? [me-33]
to the negative electrode because they are negatively charged
to the positive electrode because they are positively charged
to the negative electrode because they are positively charged
to the positive electrode because they are negatively charged
During the electrolysis of molten aluminium oxide ore, the oxide ions move? [me-34]
to the negative electrode because they are negatively charged
to the positive electrode because they are positively charged
to the negative electrode because they are positively charged
to the positive electrode because they are negatively charged
In the extraction of aluminium by electrolysis of molten aluminium oxide ore, the ore is dissolved in cryolite to? [me-35]
lower the melting point of the aluminium ore to reduce the temperature of the process
to decompose the ore into aluminium and oxygen at a higher temperature
to help keep the aluminium molten at a higher temperature
to help stop the electrodes from corroding away at high temperature
In the extraction of aluminium by electrolysis of its ore, the positive electrodes have to be regularly replaced because? [me-36]
they are attacked by hot molten aluminium
they react with oxygen to form a gas
they slowly dissolve in cryolite
they gradually vaporise at the high temperature of the electrolysis cell
In the extraction of aluminium by the electrolysis of molten aluminium oxide ore, the aluminium forms? [me-37]
throughout the bulk of the molten ore
only when the electrodes are close together
only at the negative electrode
only at the positive electrode
In the extraction of aluminium by the electrolysis of molten aluminium oxide ore, oxygen forms? [me-38]
throughout the bulk of the molten ore
only when the electrodes are close together
only at the negative electrode
only at the positive electrode
The name of a common ore from which iron can be extracted is called? [me-39]
haematite
bauxite
cryolite
charcoal
The name of a common ore from which aluminium can be extracted is called? [me-40]
haematite
bauxite
cryolite
charcoal
The name of the substance used to lower the melting point of aluminium oxide ore in the electrolytic extraction of aluminium is called? [me-41]
haematite
bauxite
cryolite
carbon
In the electrolysis of aluminium oxide to extract aluminium, the electrodes are made of? [me-42]
haematite
bauxite
cryolite
carbon
After the initial chemical extraction of copper from a copper ore, the copper is purified by? [me-51]
electrolysis
crystallisation
distillation
hydrolysis
After the initial chemical extraction of copper from a copper ore, the copper is purified by electrolysis. The negative electrode is made of? [me-52]
copper sulfide
pure copper
impure copper
copper sulfate
After the initial chemical extraction of copper from a copper ore, the copper is purified by electrolysis. The positive electrode is made of? [me-53]
copper sulfide
pure copper
impure copper
copper sulfate
After the initial chemical extraction of copper from a copper ore, the copper is purified by electrolysis. The electrolyte solution contains dissolved? [me-54]
copper sulfide
pure copper
impure copper
copper sulfate
Which element is a metal that is most likely to be found in rocks as the metal itself? [me-55]
copper
carbon
iron
sodium
Which element is a non-metal with some metallic character? [me-56]
copper
carbon
iron
sodium
Which element is a metal that displaces hydrogen from dilute acids but not from cold water? [me-57]
copper
carbon
iron
sodium
Which element is a metal that cannot be extracted using carbon? [me-58]
copper
tin
iron
sodium
Which metal is more reactive than hydrogen but less reactive than carbon? [me-59]
tin
aluminium
copper
silver
Which metal is less reactive than sodium but must be extracted using electrolysis of the molten ore? [me-60]
tin
aluminium
lead
silver
Which of these metals should react with dilute hydrochloric acid, but very slowly? [me-61]
calcium
iron
lead
silver
Which metal is most likely to be found in rocks as the metal itself? [me-62]
tin
aluminium
lead
silver
Which contains the iron oxide in the blast furnace extraction of iron? [me-63]
haematite
coke
limestone
sandstone
Which is oxidised in the blast furnace extraction of iron? [me-64]
haematite
coke
limestone
air
Which removes impurities from iron in the blast furnace extraction of iron? [me-65]
haematite
coke
limestone
air
Which is NOT a raw material in the blast furnace extraction of iron? [me-66]
haematite
coke
limestone
sandstone
Which metals is obtained from bauxite ore? [me-67]
aluminium
iron
copper
gold
Which metals is obtained from haematite ore? [me-68]
aluminium
iron
copper
gold
Which metals is purified by electrolysis? [me-69]
aluminium
iron
copper
gold
Which metals is most likely to be found as the element and not as an oxide or sulfide compound? [me-70]
aluminium
iron
copper
gold
Which statement is TRUE? [me-71]
aluminium is obtained from its ore by reduction using electrolysis
iron is obtained from its ore by reduction using electrolysis
aluminium is obtained from its ore by oxidation using carbon
iron is obtained from its ore by oxidation using carbon
Which statement is TRUE? [me-72]
aluminium is obtained from its ore by reduction using carbon
iron is obtained from its ore by reduction using carbon
aluminium is obtained from its ore by oxidation using electrolysis
iron is obtained from its ore by oxidation using electrolysis
A mineral from which a metal can be extracted, is called? [me-73]
compound
mixture
an ore
rock
Which is the reason why aluminium was first extracted commercially by electrolysis in the 19th century but metals like iron had been extracted for thousands of years? [me-74]
no aluminium ores had been previously discovered
there was no electricity supply available until this time
no one was interested in using aluminium
technology was sufficiently advanced by then
Which metal is added to aluminium to make a stronger alloy? [me-77]
magnesium
chromium
gold
sodium
Which metal is added to steel to give it good anti-corrosion properties? [me-78]
magnesium
chromium
gold
sodium
Which metal is found as the free element in the Earth's crust? [me-79]
magnesium
chromium
gold
sodium
Which metal is less reactive than calcium, but whose oxide ore cannot be reduced with carbon? [me-80]
sodium
potassium
zinc
magnesium
Which chemical change corresponds to an electrolysis? [me-81]
aluminium and oxygen are produced when an electric current is passed through molten aluminium oxide
calcium carbonate forms calcium oxide and carbon dioxide in the blast furnace extraction of iron
carbon monoxide reacts with iron oxide to form carbon dioxide in the blast furnace
calcium hydroxide reacts with acid waste gases from an industrial metal extraction process to form a harmless salt and water
Which chemical change corresponds to a thermal decomposition? [me-82]
aluminium and oxygen are produced when an electric current is passed through molten aluminium oxide
calcium carbonate forms calcium oxide and carbon dioxide in the blast furnace extraction of iron
carbon monoxide reacts with iron oxide to form carbon dioxide in the blast furnace
calcium hydroxide reacts with acid waste gases from an industrial metal extraction process to form a harmless salt and water
Which chemical change corresponds to an oxidation? [me-83]
aluminium and oxygen are produced when an electric current is passed through molten aluminium oxide
calcium carbonate forms calcium oxide and carbon dioxide in the blast furnace extraction of iron
carbon monoxide reacts with iron oxide to form carbon dioxide in the blast furnace
calcium hydroxide reacts with acid waste gases from an industrial metal extraction process to form a harmless salt and water
Which chemical change corresponds to a neutralisation? [me-84]
aluminium and oxygen are produced when an electric current is passed through molten aluminium oxide
calcium carbonate forms calcium oxide and carbon dioxide in the blast furnace extraction of iron
carbon monoxide reacts with iron oxide to form carbon dioxide in the blast furnace
calcium hydroxide reacts with acid waste gases from an industrial metal extraction process to form a harmless salt and water
Which chemical change corresponds to a reduction? [me-85]
changing copper oxide into copper in a smelter
calcium carbonate forms calcium oxide and carbon dioxide in the blast furnace extraction of iron
carbon monoxide reacts with iron oxide to form carbon dioxide in the blast furnace
calcium hydroxide reacts with acid waste gases from an industrial metal extraction process to form a harmless salt and water
Stages in the extraction of iron in a blast furnace are described below after iron ore, coke and limestone have been added at the top, but not in the correct order. (1) carbon dioxide reacts with coke (carbon) to form carbon monoxide (2) limestone combines with acid impurities (3) hot air is blown into the furnace (4) carbon monoxide reacts with iron oxide to make iron (5) coke (carbon) burns to form carbon dioxide Which is the correct order of sequence for (1) to (5)? [me-86]
(5) (3) (1) (2) (4)
(3) (5) (1) (4) (2)
(5) (1) (3) (2) (4)
(3) (5) (4) (1) (2)
Why is hot air blown into a blast furnace? [me-87]
too keep the iron molten
to melt the iron ore
to react with coke and release energy
to react with impurities in the iron
Which is formed on burning coke in the blast furnace? [me-88]
calcium oxide
slag
carbon monoxide
carbon dioxide
Which removes the oxygen from the iron ore in a blast furnace? [me-89]
carbon monoxide
slag
limestone
carbon dioxide
Which is produced when limestone combines with acidic impurities in the blast furnace extraction of iron? [me-90]
carbon monoxide
slag
iron oxide
carbon dioxide
Which is added to a blast furnace to produce carbon monoxide and heat energy? [me-91]
calcium oxide
limestone
carbon
carbon dioxide
Haematite iron ore contains mainly? [me-92]
iron oxide and slag impurities
iron carbonate and calcium oxide
iron carbonate and slag impurities
iron oxide and acidic impurities
Ingots of aluminium from its electrolytic extraction can be stored outside in all weathers. Why do aluminium ingots not corrode away, despite aluminium being quite high in the reactivity series of metals? [me-93]
aluminium is coated in an oxide layer
aluminium will not react with oxygen
aluminium has a particularly shiny surface
it is not a transition metal like chromium
Which pair of elements are non-metals which will displace less reactive metals from their oxide ores? [me-94]
nitrogen and helium
carbon and hydrogen
sulfur and oxygen
chlorine and argon
Given the equation of the reduction of an iron oxide in a blast furnace: ? + 4CO ==> 3Fe + 4CO2 What must the formula of the original iron oxide ore? [me-25]
Fe3O2
Fe4O3
Fe3O4
Fe2O3
It is possible for an iron oxide ore in a blast furnace to be directly reduced by the coke (carbon) to form iron. a Fe2O3 + b C ==> c Fe + d CO2 Which four quantities a, b, c and d give the ratio to balance the equation? [me-26]
1, 3, 6, 3
1, 2, 3, 6
2, 2, 6, 4
2, 3, 4, 3
It is possible for an iron oxide ore in a blast furnace to be directly reduced by the coke (carbon) to form iron. a Fe3O4 + b C ==> c Fe + d CO2 Which four quantities a, b, c and d give the ratio to balance the equation? [me-27]
1, 2, 3, 2
1, 2, 3, 4
2, 3, 6, 3
2, 4, 6, 4
Iron oxide ore in a blast furnace is mainly reduced by carbon monoxide to form iron. a Fe2O3 + b CO ==> c Fe + d CO2 Which four quantities a, b, c and d give the ratio to balance the equation? [me-28]
1, 2, 3, 2
1, 3, 2, 3
2, 6, 2, 3
2, 4, 6, 4
Which is the correct and balanced equation for the formation of carbon monoxide in the blast furnace? [me-29]
CO2 + C ==> CO
CO2 + 2C ==> 2CO
CO2 + C ==> 2CO
2CO2 + C ==> 2CO
Given the equation of the reduction of an iron oxide in a blast furnace ... a Fe3O4 + b CO ==> c Fe + d CO2 Which four quantities a, b, c and d give the ratio to balance the equation? [me-30]
2, 2, 3, 4
1, 4, 2, 3
2, 2, 3, 2
1, 4, 3, 4
In the extraction of aluminium by electrolysis of molten aluminium oxide, all the chemical changes occur on the surface of the electrodes. The formula for aluminium oxide is Al2O3. Which is the correct equation to show the change at the negative electrode? [me-43]
Al3+ + 3e- ==> Al
2O2- - 4e- ==> O2
Al+ + e- ==> Al
2O2- - 2e- ==> O2
In the extraction of aluminium by electrolysis of molten aluminium oxide, all the chemical changes occur on the surface of the electrodes. The formula for aluminium oxide is Al2O3. Which is the correct equation to show the change at the positive electrode? [me-44]
Al3+ + 3e- ==> Al
2O2- - 4e- ==> O2
Al+ + e- ==> Al
2O2- - 2e- ==> O2
In the extraction of aluminium by electrolysis of molten aluminium oxide, all the chemical changes occur on the surface of the electrodes. The formula for aluminium oxide is Al2O3. Which word describes the process happening on the surface of the positive electrode? [me-45]
electrolysis
decomposition
oxidation
reduction
In the extraction of aluminium by electrolysis of molten aluminium oxide, all the chemical changes occur on the surface of the electrodes. The formula for aluminium oxide is Al2O3. Which word describes the process happening on the surface of the negative electrode? [me-46]
electrolysis
decomposition
oxidation
reduction
Copper is purified by the electrolysis of copper(II) sulfate solution using copper electrodes. All the chemical changes occur on the surface of the electrodes. The formula for copper(II) sulfate is CuSO4. Which word describes the process happening on the surface of the positive electrode? [me-47]
electrolysis
decomposition
oxidation
reduction
Copper is purified by the electrolysis of copper(II) sulfate solution using copper electrodes. All the chemical changes occur on the surface of the electrodes. The formula for copper(II) sulfate is CuSO4. Which word describes the process happening on the surface of the negative electrode? [me-48]
electrolysis
decomposition
oxidation
reduction
Copper is purified by the electrolysis of copper(II) sulfate solution using copper electrodes. All the chemical changes occur on the surface of the electrodes. The formula for copper(II) sulfate is CuSO4. Which equation correctly describes the process happening on the surface of the positive electrode? [me-49]
2H+(aq) + 2e- ==> H2(aq)
2O2- - 4e- ==> O2
Cu(s) - 2e- ==> Cu2+(aq)
Cu2+(aq) + 2e- ==> Cu(s)
Copper is purified by the electrolysis of copper(II) sulfate solution using copper electrodes. All the chemical changes occur on the surface of the electrodes. The formula for copper(II) sulfate is CuSO4. Which equation correctly describes the process happening on the surface of the negative electrode? [me-50]
2H+(aq) + 2e- ==> H2(aq)
2O2- - 4e- ==> O2
Cu(s) - 2e- ==> Cu2+(aq)
Cu2+(aq) + 2e- ==> Cu(s)
Which is TRUE about the extraction of aluminium by electrolysis? [me-75]
aluminium ions move to the positive electrode and are oxidised to aluminium atoms by electron loss
oxide ions move to the positive electrode and are reduced by electron gain
aluminium ions move to the negative electrode and are reduced to aluminium atoms by electron gain
oxide ions move to the negative electrode and are oxidised by electron loss
Which is TRUE about the extraction of aluminium by electrolysis? [me-76]
aluminium ions move to the negative electrode and are oxidised to aluminium atoms by electron loss
oxide ions move to the negative electrode and are reduced by electron gain
aluminium ions move to the positive electrode and are reduced to aluminium atoms by electron gain
oxide ions move to the positive electrode and are oxidised by electron loss
The diagram shows how copper is purified by electrolysis. What happens at the negative electrode? [me-95]
copper ions gain electrons to become neutral copper atoms
neutral copper atoms lose electrons to become ions
neutral copper atoms gain electrons to become ions
copper ions lose electrons to become neutral atoms
The diagram shows how copper is purified by electrolysis. What happens at the positive electrode? [me-96]
copper ions gain electrons to become neutral copper atoms
neutral copper atoms lose electrons to become ions
neutral copper atoms gain electrons to become ions
copper ions lose electrons to become neutral atoms
The diagram shows how copper is purified by electrolysis. Which is a suitable salt to use? [me-97]
aluminium sulfate
sodium chloride
copper sulfate
magnesium chloride
Electrolysis processes can only be done on solutions or molten materials because? [me-98]
less energy is needed
the product might be a gas, liquid or a solid
electrons cannot flow through solids
the ions must free to move to electrodes
In an electrolysis process which word describes the overall chemical change? [me-99]
redox
oxidation
reduction
neutralisation
In an electrolysis process which word describes the change at the positive electrode? [me-100]
redox
oxidation
reduction
neutralisation
In an electrolysis process which word describes the change at the negative electrode? [me-101]
redox
oxidation
reduction
neutralisation
Sodium and chlorine can be manufactured by passing a direct current through the molten salt sodium chloride. What happens at the negative electrode? [me-102]
chloride ions lose electrons and become chlorine atoms (which form molecules)
sodium atoms lose electrons and become sodium ions
chlorine atoms gain electrons and become chloride ions
sodium ions gain electrons and become sodium atoms
Sodium and chlorine can be manufactured by passing a direct current through the molten salt sodium chloride. What happens at the positive electrode? [me-103]
chloride ions lose electrons and become chlorine atoms (which form molecules)
sodium atoms lose electrons and become sodium ions
chlorine atoms gain electrons and become chloride ions
sodium ions gain electrons and become sodium atoms
Sodium and chlorine can be manufactured by passing a direct current through the molten salt sodium chloride. What happens to the sodium ions is an example of? [me-104]
displacement
reduction
oxidation
decomposition
Sodium and chlorine can be manufactured by passing a direct current through the molten salt sodium chloride. What happens to the chloride ion is an example of? [me-105]
displacement
reduction
oxidation
decomposition
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Which of (1) - (5) represents where a blast of hot air is blown in? [me-1]
Why is limestone added to the blast furnace? [me-7]
In which reaction does an oxidation and a reduction produce the same product? [me-10]
To produce aluminium, electricity is passed through? [me-31]
The name of a common ore from which aluminium can be extracted is called? [me-40]
After the initial chemical extraction of copper from a copper ore, the copper is purified by? [me-51]
Which metals is obtained from bauxite ore? [me-67]
Which metal is added to steel to give it good anti-corrosion properties? [me-78]
Which metal is found as the free element in the Earth's crust? [me-79]
Which pair of elements are non-metals which will displace less reactive metals from their oxide ores? [me-94]
Electrolysis processes can only be done on solutions or molten materials because? [me-98]
Sodium and chlorine can be manufactured by passing a direct current through the molten salt sodium chloride. What happens at the negative electrode? [me-102]