© Doc Brown's KS3 Physics Quiz 8I "Heating, cooling, state changes, modes of thermal energy transfer" click [?] (re-edit 11/01/2023)

Which temperature could be that of a snowy day? [8i-1]
1. 1^oC
2. 28^oC
3. 37^oC
4. 150^oC
Which temperature could be that of a summers day? [8i-2]
1. 1^oC
2. 24^oC
3. 37^oC
4. 150^oC
Which temperature could be that of your body? [8i-3]
1. 1^oC
2. 28^oC
3. 37^oC
4. 150^oC
Which temperature could be that of a bread oven? [8i-4]
1. 1^oC
2. 28^oC
3. 37^oC
4. 150^oC
Which best describes the arrangement of particles in a gas? [8i-5]
1. Close together and stationary
2. Close together and vibrating
3. Far apart and moving slowly
4. Very far apart and moving quickly
Which best describes the arrangement of particles in a solid? [8i-6]
1. Close together and stationary
2. Close together and vibrating
3. Far apart and moving slowly
4. Very far apart and moving quickly
Which best describes the arrangement of particles in a liquid? [8i-7]
1. Close together and stationary
2. Far apart and vibrating
3. Close together and moving freely
4. Very far apart and moving quickly
Which best describes what happens to the particles of water when it freezes? [8i-8]
1. They gain energy and break up into atoms of hydrogen and oxygen
2. They gain energy and gain freedom to move about
3. They lose energy and move very slowly
4. They lose energy and lose freedom to move about
Which best describes what happens to the particles of ice when it melts? [8i-9]
1. They gain energy and break up into atoms of hydrogen and oxygen,
2. They gain energy and gain freedom to move about
3. They lose energy and escape into the atmosphere
4. They lose energy and lose freedom to move about
Which best describes what happens to the particles of water when it boils? [8i-10]
1. They gain energy and increase their freedom to move without significant attraction
2. They gain energy and gain freedom to move about
3. They lose energy and escape into the atmosphere
4. They lose energy and lose freedom to move about
Which best describes what happens to the particles of water vapour when it condenses? [8i-11]
1. They gain energy and increase their freedom to move without significant attraction
2. They gain energy and gain freedom to move about
3. They lose energy and are closer and less free to move around
4. They lose energy and lose freedom to move about
Which best describes what happens to the particles of water when it evaporates? [8i-12]
1. The higher kinetic energy particles increase their freedom to move without significant attraction
2. They gain energy and gain freedom to move about
3. They lose energy and escape into the atmosphere
4. They lose energy and lose freedom to move about
The melting points and boiling points of substances A-D. Which is a solid at 25^oC?
[Substance] Melting Point ^oC and Boiling Point ^oC [8i-13]
1. -39 and 354
2. 119 and 446
3. 15 and 126
4. -127 and -33
The melting points and boiling points of substances A-D. Which is a liquid at 0^oC?
[Substance] Melting Point ^oC and Boiling Point ^oC [8i-14]
1. -39 and 354
2. 119 and 446
3. 15 and 126
4. -127 and -33
The melting points and boiling points of substances A-D. Which is a gas at 0^oC?
[Substance] Melting Point ^oC and Boiling Point ^oC [8i-15]
1. -39 and 354
2. 119 and 446
3. 15 and 126
4. -127 and -33
The melting points and boiling points of substances A-D. Which is a liquid at 30^oC?
[Substance] Melting Point ^oC and Boiling Point ^oC [8i-16]
1. -39 and 10
2. 119 and 446
3. 15 and 126
4. -127 and -33
The melting points and boiling points of substances A-D. Which is a liquid at 20 ^oC?
[Substance] Melting Point ^oC and Boiling Point ^oC [8i-17]
1. -142 and -78
2. -95 and 4
3. -66 and 42
4. 90 and 189
The melting points and boiling points of substances A-D. Which is a solid at 25^oC?
[Substance] Melting Point ^oC and Boiling Point ^oC [8i-18]
1. 20 and 78
2. -95 and 4
3. 16 and 26
4. 90 and 189
The melting points and boiling points of substances A-D. Which is a gas at -60^oC?
[Substance] Melting Point ^oC and Boiling Point ^oC [8i-19]
1. -142 and -78
2. -95 and 4
3. -66 and 42
4. 90 and 189
The melting points and boiling points of substances A-D. Which is a liquid at -10^oC and a gas at 10^oC?
[Substance] Melting Point ^oC and Boiling Point ^oC [8i-20]
1. -142 and -78
2. -95 and 4
3. -66 and -9
4. -9 and 9
When water vapour in a cloud is gradually cooled, rainwater is formed. This change of state is called? [8i-21]
1. condensation
2. distillation
3. evaporation
4. saturation
Heat from the Sun changes water from liquid to a gas. This change of state is called? [8i-22]
1. condensation
2. distillation
3. evaporation
4. saturation
The melting points and boiling points of substances A-D. Which is a gas at 25^oC?
[Substance] Melting point ^oC (mpt), Boiling Point ^oC (bpt) [8i-23]
1. mpt = -71^o, bpt = 13 ^oC
2. mpt = -39^o, bpt = 354 ^oC
3. mpt = 33^o, bpt = 76 ^oC
4. mpt = -50^o, bpt = 46 ^oC
The melting points and boiling points of substances A-D. Which is a liquid at 25^oC?
[Substance] Melting point ^oC (mpt), Boiling Point ^oC (bpt) [8i-24]
1. mpt = -127^o, bpt = -33 ^oC
2. mpt = -39^o, bpt = 54 ^oC
3. mpt = 63^o, bpt = 200 ^oC
4. mpt = 119^o, bpt = 446 ^oC
The melting points and boiling points of substances A-D. Which is a solid at 100^oC?
[Substance] Melting point ^oC (mpt), Boiling Point ^oC (bpt) [8i-25]
1. mpt = -127^o, bpt = -33 ^oC
2. mpt = -39^o, bpt = 354 ^oC
3. mpt = 63^o, bpt = 760 ^oC
4. mpt = 119^o, bpt = 446 ^oC
The melting points and boiling points of substances A-D. Which is a solid at 100^oC?
[Substance] Melting point ^oC (mpt), Boiling Point ^oC (bpt) [8i-26]
1. mpt = -127^o, bpt = -33 ^oC
2. mpt = 99^o, bpt = 354 ^oC
3. mpt = 19^o, bpt = 27 ^oC
4. mpt = 101^o, bpt = 116 ^oC
The melting points and boiling points of substances A-D. Which is suitable to use in a thermometer that measures in the range 10^oC to 90^oC?
[Substance] Melting point ^oC (mpt), Boiling Point ^oC (bpt) [8i-27]
1. mpt = 0^o, bpt = 100 ^oC
2. mpt = -200^o, bpt = 40 ^oC
3. mpt = 20^o, bpt = 350 ^oC
4. mpt = -110^o, bpt = 80 ^oC
The melting points and boiling points of substances A-D. Which is suitable to use in a thermometer that measures in the range -120^oC to 20^oC?
[Substance] Melting point ^oC (mpt), Boiling Point ^oC (bpt) [8i-28]
1. mpt = 0^o, bpt = 100 ^oC
2. mpt = -200^o, bpt = 40 ^oC
3. mpt = -40^o, bpt = 350 ^oC
4. mpt = -110^o, bpt = 80 ^oC
The melting points and boiling points of substances A-D. Which substance is suitable to use in a thermometer that measures in the range 0^oC to 100^oC?
[Substance] Melting point ^oC (mpt), Boiling Point ^oC (bpt) [8i-29]
1. mpt = 1^o, bpt = 99 ^oC
2. mpt = -200^o, bpt = 40 ^oC
3. mpt = -40^o, bpt = 350 ^oC
4. mpt = -110^o, bpt = 80 ^oC
The melting points and boiling points of substances A-D. Which substance is suitable to use in a thermometer that measures in the range -4^oC to 50^oC?
[Substance] Melting point ^oC (mpt), Boiling Point ^oC (bpt) [8i-30]
1. mpt = 0^o, bpt = 100 ^oC
2. mpt = -200^o, bpt = 40 ^oC
3. mpt = 40^o, bpt = 350 ^oC
4. mpt = -110^o, bpt = 80 ^oC
Which is represented by the particle picture above? [8i-31]
1. gas
2. liquid
3. solid
4. partly melted solid
Which is represented by the particle picture above? [8i-32]
1. gas
2. liquid
3. solid
4. partly melted solid
Which is represented by the particle picture above? [8i-33]
1. gas
2. liquid
3. solution
4. solid
A liquid turning to a solid is called? [8i-34]
1. freezing
2. melting
3. boiling
4. condensing
Butter on a hot plate is seen to be? [8i-35]
1. freezing
2. melting
3. boiling
4. condensing
When water turns to steam it has been? [8i-36]
1. evaporating
2. melting
3. boiling
4. condensing
Which is the opposite of freezing? [8i-37]
1. melting
2. boiling
3. condensing
4. evaporating
Which is the opposite of condensing? [8i-38]
1. melting
2. boiling
3. freezing
4. dissolving
Which is the opposite of melting? [8i-39]
1. condensing
2. boiling
3. freezing
4. evaporating
Which is the opposite of boiling? [8i-40]
1. evaporating
2. melting
3. freezing
4. condensing
Which is the opposite of evaporating? [8i-41]
1. condensing
2. boiling
3. freezing
4. melting
Which is the opposite of condensing? [8i-42]
1. dissolving
2. evaporating
3. freezing
4. melting
Which best EXPLAINS why most solids expand on heating? [8i-43]
1. there is little space between the particles
2. the particles vibrate more forcefully the higher the temperature
3. solid particles get bigger on heating
4. any trapped gas expands on heating
MELTING is the state change from? [8i-44]
1. solid to liquid
2. liquid to solid
3. liquid to gas
4. gas to liquid
FREEZING is the state change from? [8i-45]
1. solid to liquid
2. liquid to solid
3. liquid to gas
4. gas to liquid
BOILING is the state change from? [8i-46]
1. solid to liquid
2. liquid to solid
3. liquid to gas
4. gas to liquid
CONDENSING is the state change from? [8i-47]
1. solid to liquid
2. liquid to solid
3. liquid to gas
4. gas to liquid
Which does the particle picture represent? [8i-69]
1. gas
2. liquid
3. solid
4. partly melted solid
Which of the following phrases about heat transfer properties best matches the use of steel for the base of a frying pan? [8i-70]
1. good conductor of heat
2. poor reflector of heat radiation
3. poor conductor of heat
4. good absorber of heat radiation
Which of the following phrases about heat transfer properties best matches the use of a silvered layer for the inside of a glass thermos flask? [8i-71]
1. good conductor of heat
2. good reflector of heat radiation
3. poor conductor of heat
4. good absorber of heat radiation
Which of the following phrases about heat transfer properties best matches the use of a plastic handle for a frying pan? [8i-72]
1. good conductor of heat
2. poor reflector of heat radiation
3. poor conductor of heat
4. good absorber of heat radiation
Which of the following phrases about heat transfer properties best matches the use of a black surface on a solar panel? [8i-73]
1. good conductor of heat
2. good reflector of heat radiation
3. poor conductor of heat
4. good absorber of heat radiation
Which of the following phrases about heat transfer properties best matches the high temperature of an electric fire filament? [8i-74]
1. good radiator of heat
2. poor insulator
3. good insulator
4. poor reflector of heat radiation
Which of the following phrases about heat transfer properties best matches the wearing of white cotton shirts in summer? [8i-75]
1. good radiator of heat
2. poor absorber of heat radiation
3. good insulator
4. poor reflector of heat radiation
Which of the following phrases about heat transfer properties best matches the use of fibre glass layers in a loft? [8i-76]
1. poor radiator of heat
2. poor insulator
3. good insulator
4. good reflector of heat radiation
Which of the following phrases about heat transfer properties best matches the dark rough skin of a lizard? [8i-77]
1. good radiator of heat
2. poor insulator
3. good insulator
4. poor reflector of heat radiation
Which temperature matches the freezing point of water? [8i-78]
1. 0^oC
2. 100^oC
3. -5^oC
4. 102^oC
Which temperature matches the boiling point of pure water? [8i-79]
1. 0^oC
2. 100^oC
3. -5^oC
4. 102^oC
Which temperature matches an ice and salt mixture? [8i-80]
1. 0^oC
2. 10^oC
3. -5^oC
4. 1^oC
Which temperatures matches the boiling point of sea water? [8i-81]
1. 99^oC
2. 100^oC
3. 90^oC
4. 102^oC
Which of the following types of heat transfer matches 'from gas burner flame to milk in a pan'? [8i-82]
1. conduction
2. convection
3. radiation
4. evaporation
Which of the following types of heat transfer matches 'shimmering image in summer'? [8i-83]
1. conduction
2. convection
3. radiation
4. evaporation
Which of the following types of heat transfer matches heat from the Sun? [8i-84]
1. conduction
2. convection
3. radiation
4. evaporation
Which of the following types of heat transfer matches cooling by sweating? [8i-85]
1. conduction
2. convection
3. radiation
4. evaporation
Which of the following types of heat transfer matches using iron for a hot water boiler? [8i-86]
1. conduction
2. convection
3. radiation
4. evaporation
Which of the following types of heat transfer matches placing the heating element near the base of an electric immersion heater? [8i-87]
1. conduction
2. convection
3. radiation
4. evaporation
Which of the following types of heat transfer matches 'feeling heat' when near a lit reading lamp? [8i-88]
1. conduction
2. convection
3. radiation
4. evaporation
Which of the following types of heat transfer matches 'feeling cold after spilling spirit onto your hand'? [8i-89]
1. conduction
2. convection
3. radiation
4. evaporation
Which of the following terms applies to a puddle drying up in the sunshine? [8i-90]
1. evaporation
2. condensation
3. melting
4. freezing
Which of the following terms applies to the formation of rain drops? [8i-91]
1. evaporation
2. condensation
3. melting
4. freezing
Which of the following terms applies to ice at 1^oC? [8i-92]
1. evaporation
2. condensation
3. melting
4. freezing
Which of the following terms applies to what happens to dripping candle wax? [8i-93]
1. evaporation
2. condensation
3. melting
4. freezing
Different metals expand different amounts for the same temperature rise. A bimetallic strip is made from two different metals joined together. The effect of heating a bimetallic strip is shown in the diagram. Which pair of metals was used in the experiment illustrated? The table below shows the length increase in mm on heating 2 metre strips of the metals by 10^oC. [8i-94]
METAL aluminium brass copper steel
length increase 0.49 0.40 0.25 0.22
1. metal A = copper, metal B = brass
2. metal A = brass, metal B = steel
3. metal A = aluminium, metal B = steel
4. metal A = aluminium, metal B = copper
Different metals expand different amounts for the same temperature rise. A bimetallic strip is made from two different metals joined together. The effect of heating a bimetallic strip is shown in the diagram. Which pair of metals could used in the experiment to make the strip bend downwards? The table below shows the length increase in mm on heating 2 metre strips of the metals by 10^oC. [8i-95]
METAL aluminium brass copper steel
length increase 0.49 0.40 0.25 0.22
1. metal A = copper, metal B = brass
2. metal A = aluminium, metal B = brass
3. metal A = copper, metal B = aluminium
4. metal A = copper, metal B = brass
Different metals expand different amounts for the same temperature rise. A bimetallic strip is made from two different metals joined together. The effect of heating a bimetallic strip is shown in the diagram. Which pair of metals could used in the experiment to make the strip bend the most in any direction? The table below shows the length increase in mm on heating 2 metre strips of the metals by 10^oC. [8i-96]
METAL aluminium brass copper steel
length increase 0.49 0.40 0.25 0.22
1. metal A = aluminium, metal B = brass
2. metal A = copper, metal B = steel
3. metal A = steel, metal B = aluminium
4. metal A = copper, metal B = brass
Which of the following materials feels the coldest to touch in winter? [8i-97]
1. glass
2. polythene
3. wood
4. iron
Which of the following materials is the best conductor of thermal energy? [8i-98]
1. aluminium
2. polythene
3. wood
4. glass
Which of the following building construction materials is the best insulator? [8i-99]
1. steel
2. wood
3. steel
4. aluminium
Which of the following materials used in house construction is the most effective insulating material? [8i-100]
1. wood
2. steel
3. expanded polystyrene
4. glass
[8ix-80] Which of the following corresponds to the transfer of thermal energy by conduction?
1. Transfer of thermal energy by the vibration of particles against each other
2. Transfer of thermal energy when particles in a heated fluid rise because the density is decreased.
3. Transfer of thermal energy as an electromagnetic wave.
[8ix-81] Which of the following corresponds to the transfer of thermal energy when you pick up an object that feels cold to touch?
1. Transfer of thermal energy by the vibration of particles against each other
2. Transfer of thermal energy when particles in a heated fluid rise because the density is decreased.
3. Transfer of thermal energy as an electromagnetic wave.
[8ix-82] Which of the following corresponds to the transfer of thermal energy when a gas ring heats up a frying pan?
1. Transfer of thermal energy by the vibration of particles against each other
2. Transfer of thermal energy when particles in a heated fluid rise because the density is decreased.
3. Transfer of thermal energy as an electromagnetic wave.
[8ix-83] Which of the following corresponds to the transfer of thermal energy when an electrical heating element warms up your car seat?
1. Transfer of thermal energy by the vibration of particles against each other
2. Transfer of thermal energy when particles in a heated fluid rise because the density is decreased.
3. Transfer of thermal energy as an electromagnetic wave.
[8ix-84] Which of the following corresponds to the transfer of thermal energy by convection?
1. Transfer of thermal energy by the vibration of particles against each other
2. Transfer of thermal energy when particles in a heated fluid rise because the density is decreased.
3. Transfer of thermal energy as an electromagnetic wave.
[8ix-85] Which of the following corresponds to the transfer of thermal energy to allow a bird to soar to great heights with flapping its wings?
1. Transfer of thermal energy by the vibration of particles against each other
2. Transfer of thermal energy when particles in a heated fluid rise because the density is decreased.
3. Transfer of thermal energy as an electromagnetic wave.
[8ix-86] Which of the following corresponds to the transfer of thermal energy to allow all of the water in a kettle to reach boiling point?
1. Transfer of thermal energy by the vibration of particles against each other
2. Transfer of thermal energy when particles in a heated fluid rise because the density is decreased.
3. Transfer of thermal energy as an electromagnetic wave.
[8ix-87] Which of the following corresponds to the transfer of thermal energy which can causes onshore and offshore breezes to blow?
1. Transfer of thermal energy by the vibration of particles against each other
2. Transfer of thermal energy when particles in a heated fluid rise because the density is decreased.
3. Transfer of thermal energy as an electromagnetic wave.
[8ix-88] Which of the following corresponds to the transfer of thermal energy by radiation?
1. Transfer of thermal energy by the vibration of particles against each other
2. Transfer of thermal energy when particles in a heated fluid rise because the density is decreased.
3. Transfer of thermal energy as an electromagnetic wave.
[8ix-89] Which of the following corresponds to the transfer of thermal energy from the sun?
1. Transfer of thermal energy by the vibration of particles against each other
2. Transfer of thermal energy when particles in a heated fluid rise because the density is decreased.
3. Transfer of thermal energy as an electromagnetic wave.
[8ix-90] Which of the following corresponds to the transfer of thermal energy when your hand immediately feels warm near a lit filament bulb?
1. Transfer of thermal energy by the vibration of particles against each other
2. Transfer of thermal energy when particles in a heated fluid rise because the density is decreased.
3. Transfer of thermal energy as an electromagnetic wave.
[8ix-91] Which of the following corresponds to the transfer of thermal energy when you are toasting bread in a cooker?
1. Transfer of thermal energy by the vibration of particles against each other
2. Transfer of thermal energy when particles in a heated fluid rise because the density is decreased.
3. Transfer of thermal energy as an electromagnetic wave.
[8ix-92] The diagram and graph illustrate a simple way of testing the effectiveness of different insulating materials wrapped around a copper vessel containing hot water. Which of W to Z is the most effective thermal insulating material?
1. material W
2. material X
3. material Y
4. material Z
[8ix-93] The diagram and graph illustrate a simple way of testing the effectiveness of different insulating materials wrapped around a copper vessel containing hot water. Which of W to Z is the least effective thermal insulating material?
1. material W
2. material X
3. material Y
4. material Z
[8ix-94] The diagram and graph illustrate a simple way of testing the effectiveness of different insulating materials wrapped around a copper vessel containing hot water. Which of W to Z is the 2nd most effective thermal insulating material?
1. material W
2. material X
3. material Y
4. material Z
[8ix-95] The diagram and graph illustrate a simple way of testing the effectiveness of different insulating materials wrapped around a copper vessel containing hot water. Which of W to Z is the 3rd most effective thermal insulating material?
1. material W
2. material X
3. material Y
4. material Z
[8ix-96] The diagram and graph illustrate a simple way of testing the effectiveness of different insulating materials wrapped around a copper vessel containing hot water. Given the following measurements. By calculation, determine which of materials A to D is the 3rd most effective thermal insulating material?
1. temperature fall from 80^oC to 60^oC in 20 minutes
2. temperature fall from 82^oC to 58^oC in 16 minutes
3. temperature fall from 78^oC to 70^oC in 20 minutes
4. temperature fall from 81^oC to 69^oC in 16 minutes
[8ix-97] The diagram and graph illustrate a simple way of testing the effectiveness of different insulating materials wrapped around a copper vessel containing hot water. Given the following measurements. By calculation, determine which of materials A to D is the least effective thermal insulating material?
1. temperature fall from 80^oC to 60^oC in 20 minutes
2. temperature fall from 82^oC to 58^oC in 16 minutes
3. temperature fall from 78^oC to 70^oC in 20 minutes
4. temperature fall from 81^oC to 69^oC in 16 minutes
[8ix-98] The diagram and graph illustrate a simple way of testing the effectiveness of different insulating materials wrapped around a copper vessel containing hot water. Given the following measurements. By calculation, determine which of materials A to D is the most effective thermal insulating material?
1. temperature fall from 80^oC to 60^oC in 20 minutes
2. temperature fall from 82^oC to 58^oC in 16 minutes
3. temperature fall from 78^oC to 70^oC in 20 minutes
4. temperature fall from 81^oC to 69^oC in 16 minutes
[8ix-99] The diagram and graph illustrate a simple way of testing the effectiveness of different insulating materials wrapped around a copper vessel containing hot water. Given the following measurements. By calculation, determine which of materials A to D is the 2nd most effective thermal insulating material?
1. temperature fall from 80^oC to 60^oC in 20 minutes
2. temperature fall from 82^oC to 58^oC in 16 minutes
3. temperature fall from 78^oC to 70^oC in 20 minutes
4. temperature fall from 81^oC to 69^oC in 16 minutes
[8ix-100] Which of the following most applies to the phrase thermal conductor?
1. Material that allows heat energy to move relatively quickly through it
2. Material that allows heat energy to move relatively slowly through it
3. Energy stored in a material due to the motion of its particles
4. Materials at the same temperature in contact with each other
[8ix-101] Which of the following most applies to the phrase the function of a steel cooking pan?
1. Material that allows heat energy to move relatively quickly through it
2. Material that allows heat energy to move relatively slowly through it
3. Energy stored in a material due to the motion of its particles
4. Materials at the same temperature in contact with each other
[8ix-102] Which of the following most applies to the phrase the function of a smoothing iron for clothes?
1. Material that allows heat energy to move relatively quickly through it
2. Material that allows heat energy to move relatively slowly through it
3. Energy stored in a material due to the motion of its particles
4. Materials at the same temperature in contact with each other
[8ix-103] Which of the following most applies to the phrase the function of copper bottomed cooking pan?
1. Material that allows heat energy to move relatively quickly through it
2. Material that allows heat energy to move relatively slowly through it
3. Energy stored in a material due to the motion of its particles
4. Materials at the same temperature in contact with each other
[8ix-104] Which of the following most applies to the phrase thermal insulator?
1. Material that allows heat energy to move relatively quickly through it
2. Material that allows heat energy to move relatively slowly through it
3. Energy stored in a material due to the motion of its particles
4. Materials at the same temperature in contact with each other
[8ix-105] Which of the following most applies to the phrase a layer of ceramic fibre in the loft of a house?
1. Material that allows heat energy to move relatively quickly through it
2. Material that allows heat energy to move relatively slowly through it
3. Energy stored in a material due to the motion of its particles
4. Materials at the same temperature in contact with each other
[8ix-106] Which of the following most applies to the phrase double glazing in house windows?
1. Material that allows heat energy to move relatively quickly through it
2. Material that allows heat energy to move relatively slowly through it
3. Energy stored in a material due to the motion of its particles
4. Materials at the same temperature in contact with each other
[8ix-107] Which of the following most applies to the phrase plastic handle of a cooking pan?
1. Material that allows heat energy to move relatively quickly through it
2. Material that allows heat energy to move relatively slowly through it
3. Energy stored in a material due to the motion of its particles
4. Materials at the same temperature in contact with each other
[8ix-108] Which of the following most applies to the phrase underfloor sheets of expanded polystyrene foam?
1. Material that allows heat energy to move relatively quickly through it
2. Material that allows heat energy to move relatively slowly through it
3. Energy stored in a material due to the motion of its particles
4. Materials at the same temperature in contact with each other
[8ix-109] Which of the following most applies to the phrase thermal energy store?
1. Material that allows heat energy to move relatively quickly through it
2. Material that allows heat energy to move relatively slowly through it
3. Energy stored in a material due to the motion of its particles
4. Materials at the same temperature in contact with each other
[8ix-110] Which of the following most applies to the phrase water in an immersion heater?
1. Material that allows heat energy to move relatively quickly through it
2. Material that allows heat energy to move relatively slowly through it
3. Energy stored in a material due to the motion of its particles
4. Materials at the same temperature in contact with each other
[8ix-111] Which of the following most applies to the phrase off-peak electrical radiator?
1. Material that allows heat energy to move relatively quickly through it
2. Material that allows heat energy to move relatively slowly through it
3. Energy stored in a material due to the motion of its particles
4. Materials at the same temperature in contact with each other
[8ix-112] Which of the following most applies to the phrase thermal equilibrium?
1. Material that allows heat energy to move relatively quickly through it
2. Material that allows heat energy to move relatively slowly through it
3. Energy stored in a material due to the motion of its particles
4. Materials at the same temperature in contact with each other
[8ix-113] Which of the following most applies to the phrase when a cooking oven has reached the set temperature?
1. Material that allows heat energy to move relatively quickly through it
2. Material that allows heat energy to move relatively slowly through it
3. Energy stored in a material due to the motion of its particles
4. Materials at the same temperature in contact with each other
[8i-114] Which of the following is NOT true about thermal energy transfer?
1. To transfer thermal energy, materials must always be in contact with each other and at different temperatures.
2. All material objects radiate invisible infrared radiation and do not need to be in contact with each other to transfer thermal energy.
3. Thermal energy can only be transferred by convection if warmer fluid can rise in the same cooler fluid.
4. Net transfer of thermal energy can only occur from a hotter material to a cooler material whether they are in contact or not.
[8i-115] Which of the following is NOT true about thermal energy transfer?
1. To transfer thermal energy by conduction, materials must be in contact with each other and at different temperatures.
2. Only hot objects radiate invisible infrared radiation and need to be in contact with another material to transfer radiated energy.
3. Thermal energy can only be transferred by convection if warmer fluid can rise in the same cooler fluid.
4. Net transfer of thermal energy can only occur from a hotter material to a cooler material whether they are in contact or not.
[8i-116] Which of the following is NOT true about thermal energy transfer?
1. To transfer thermal energy by conduction, materials must be in contact with each other and at different temperatures.
2. All material objects radiate invisible infrared radiation and do not need to be in contact with each other to transfer thermal energy.
3. Thermal energy can be transferred by convection if a less dense fluid can rise in a more dense fluid at the same temperature
4. Net transfer of thermal energy can only occur from a hotter material to a cooler material whether they are in contact or not.
[8i-117] Which of the following is NOT true about thermal energy transfer?
1. To transfer thermal energy by conduction, materials must be in contact with each other and at different temperatures.
2. All material objects radiate invisible infrared radiation and do not need to be in contact with each other to transfer thermal energy.
3. Thermal energy can only be transferred by convection if warmer fluid can rise in the same cooler fluid.
4. Net transfer of thermal energy can only occur from a hotter material to a cooler material if they are in contact.
[8i-118] The diagram shows the basic design of a 'thermos' flask designed to minimise heat flow between the flask and its surroundings. Which is NOT true about the design.
1. The cap/stopper should be made of a thermal insulating material to prevent heat energy loss by convection.
2. The vacuum layer between the flask steel/glass walls greatly reduces thermal energy loss by conduction and convection,
3. The shiny reflective layers of the flask walls greatly reduces thermal energy loss by radiation.
4. The flask is designed to keep cold liquids cool and hot liquids hot by minimising heat energy transfer by conduction, convection and radiation.
[8i-119] The diagram shows the basic design of a 'thermos' flask designed to minimise heat flow between the flask and its surroundings. Which is NOT true about the design.
1. The cap/stopper should be made of a thermal insulating material to prevent heat energy loss by conduction.
2. The vacuum layer between the flask steel/glass walls greatly reduces thermal energy loss by conduction and convection,
3. The shiny reflective layers of the flask walls greatly reduces thermal energy loss by radiation.
4. The flask is designed to keep cold liquids cool and hot liquids hot by minimising heat energy transfer by conduction, convection and radiation.
[8i-120] The diagram shows the basic design of a 'thermos' flask designed to minimise heat flow between the flask and its surroundings. Which is NOT true about the design.
1. The cap/stopper should be made of a thermal insulating material to prevent heat energy loss by conduction.
2. The vacuum layer between the flask steel/glass walls greatly reduces thermal energy loss by conduction and convection,
3. The shiny reflective layers of the flask walls greatly reduces thermal energy loss by conduction.
4. The flask is designed to keep cold liquids cool and hot liquids hot by minimising heat energy transfer by conduction, convection and radiation.
[8i-121] The diagram shows the basic design of a 'thermos' flask designed to minimise heat flow between the flask and its surroundings. Which is NOT true about the design.
1. The cap/stopper should be made of a thermal insulating material to prevent heat energy loss by conduction.
2. The vacuum layer between the flask steel/glass walls greatly reduces thermal energy loss by conduction and convection,
3. The shiny reflective layers of the flask walls greatly reduces thermal energy loss by radiation.
4. The flask is designed to keep cold liquids cool and hot liquids hot by minimising heat energy transfer only by conduction.
[8i-122] Which of the following is NOT true about H₂O?
1. Ice floats on water because the water molecules are larger in liquid water.
2. Water expands in volume when it freezes to ice.
3. Only about 1/10th of an iceberg is visible above the liquid water surface.
4. Thermal energy must be removed from water before it can freeze to ice.
[8i-123] Which of the following is NOT true about H₂O?
1. Ice floats on water because it is less dense than liquid water.
2. Water molecules expand in volume when it freezes to ice.
3. Only about 1/10th of an iceberg is visible above the liquid water surface.
4. Thermal energy must be removed from water before it can freeze to ice.
[8i-124] Which of the following is NOT true about H₂O?
1. Ice floats on water because it is less dense than liquid water.
2. Water expands in volume when it freezes to ice.
3. About 9/10th of an iceberg is visible above the liquid water surface.
4. Thermal energy must be removed from water before it can freeze to ice.
[8i-125] Which of the following is NOT true about H₂O?
1. Ice floats on water because it is less dense than liquid water.
2. Water expands in volume when it freezes to ice.
3. Only about 1/10th of an iceberg is visible above the liquid water surface.
4. Thermal energy must be added to water before it can freeze to ice.
Which of the following does NOT affect the thermal energy content of a material?
1. temperature of the material
2. mass of the material
3. chemical nature of the material
4. shape of the material
Air is in a bottle with a tight screw-top. When the bottle becomes warmer, the pressure inside increases because the molecules of air? [7g-13]
1. become bigger
2. become smaller
3. move faster
4. move slower
Air is in a bottle with a tight screw-top. When the bottle becomes cooler, the pressure inside decreases because the molecules of air? [7g-14]
1. become bigger
2. become smaller
3. move faster
4. move slower
When the air in a room becomes warmer a hanging balloon blown up with air becomes bigger because the molecules of air? [7g-15]
1. become bigger
2. become smaller
3. move faster
4. move slower
When the air in a room becomes cooler a hanging balloon blown up with air becomes smaller because the molecules of air? [7g-16]
1. become bigger
2. become smaller
3. move faster
4. move slower
The table shows the melting points and boiling points of some substances A to D. Which substance is a liquid at 20 ^oC?
[Substance] Melting Point ^oC and Boiling Point ^oC [7g-17]
1. -142^oC and -78^oC
2. -95^oC and 4^oC
3. -66^oC and 42^oC
4. 90^oC and 189^oC
The table shows the melting points and boiling points of some substances A to D. Which substance is a solid at 20^oC?
[Substance] Melting Point ^oC and Boiling Point ^oC [7g-18]
1. -142^oC and -78^oC
2. -95^oC and 4^oC
3. -66^oC and 42^oC
4. 90^oC and 189^oC
The table shows the melting points and boiling points of some substances A to D. Which substance is a gas at -60^oC?
[Substance] Melting Point ^oC and Boiling Point ^oC [7g-19]
1. -142^oC and -78^oC
2. -95^oC and 4^oC
3. -66^oC and 42^oC
4. 90^oC and 189^oC
The table shows the melting points and boiling points of some substances A to D. Which substance is a liquid at -10^oC and a gas at 10^oC?
[Substance] Melting Point ^oC and Boiling Point ^oC [7g-20]
1. -142^oC and -78^oC
2. -95^oC and 4^oC
3. -66^oC and 42^oC
4. 90^oC and 189^oC
Gases diffuse because they? [7g-23]
1. are made of rapidly moving particles
2. have low boiling points and easily vapourise
3. have a low density
4. easily move as convection currents
Liquids and dissolved solids diffuse because they? [7g-24]
1. are made of moving particles
2. have low boiling points
3. have a low density
4. easily move as convection currents
The table below shows the melting points and boiling points of substances A to D. Which substance is suitable liquid to use in a thermometer that measures in the range 10^oC to 90^oC?
[Substance A-D] Melting point ^oC (mpt), Boiling Point ^oC (bpt) [7g-29]
1. mpt = 0^oC, bpt = 100^oC
2. mpt = -200^oC, bpt = 40^oC
3. mpt = 20^oC, bpt = 350^oC
4. mpt = -110^oC, bpt = 80^oC
The table below shows the melting points and boiling points of substances A to D. Which substance is suitable liquid to use in a thermometer that measures in the range -120^oC to 20^oC?
[Substance A-D] Melting point ^oC (mpt), Boiling Point ^oC (bpt) [7g-30]
1. mpt = 0^oC, bpt = 100^oC
2. mpt = -200^oC, bpt = 40^oC
3. mpt = -40^oC, bpt = 350^oC
4. mpt = -110^oC, bpt = 80^oC
The table below shows the melting points and boiling points of substances A to D. Which substance is suitable to use in a thermometer that measures in the range -10^oC to 105^oC?
[Substance A-D] Melting point ^oC (mpt), Boiling Point ^oC (bpt) [7g-31]
1. mpt = 0^oC, bpt = 100^oC
2. mpt = -200^oC, bpt = 40^oC
3. mpt = -40^oC, bpt = 350^oC
4. mpt = -110^oC, bpt = 80^oC
The table below shows the melting points and boiling points of substances A to D. Which substance is suitable to use in a thermometer that measures in the range -4^oC to 50^oC?
[Substance A-D], Melting point ^oC (mpt), Boiling Point ^oC (bpt) [7g-32]
1. mpt = 0^oC, bpt = 100^oC
2. mpt = -200^oC, bpt = 40^oC
3. mpt = 40^oC, bpt = 350^oC
4. mpt = -110^oC, bpt = 80^oC
Which of the following best explains why gases have a low density? [7g-33]
1. the gas particles are very small
2. the gas particles are far apart
3. gas particles move fast
4. the attractive forces between gas particles are very weak
Which of the following is a particle model of a gas? [7g-34]
Which of the following is a particle model of a liquid? [7g-35]
Which of the following is a particle model of a solid? [7g-36]
Water turning to a solid is called? [7g-37]
1. freezing
2. melting
3. boiling
4. condensing
Which of the following best EXPLAINS why liquids flow much more easily than solids? [7g-60]
1. liquid particles have more energy than solid particles
2. liquid particles are lighter than solid particles
3. liquid particle attractive forces are much weaker than solid particle attractive forces
4. liquid particles can change shape more easily than solid particles
Which of the following best EXPLAINS why some different liquids can easily and completely mix together? [7g-61]
1. liquid particles are very tiny
2. liquid particles can change shape very easily
3. liquid particles have lots of space between them
4. liquid particles have weak attractive forces and are free to move around
Which of the following best EXPLAINS why liquids or solids have a high density compared to gases? [7g-62]
1. there is little space between the strongly attracted liquid or solid particles
2. solid and liquid particles are heavier than gas particles
3. there are only very weak forces between gas particles
4. liquid or solid particles neatly fit together
Which of the following best EXPLAINS why most solids expand on heating? [7g-63]
1. there is little space between the particles
2. the particles vibrate more forcefully the higher the temperature
3. solid particles get bigger on heating
4. any trapped gas expands on heating
The word 'diffusion' means? [7g-64]
1. particles concentrating together from a lower to a higher concentration
2. particles breaking apart
3. particles spreading around if free to move from a higher to a lower concentration
4. particles gaining energy
Gas pressure is caused by? [7g-65]
1. gas particles expanding
2. gas particles hitting each other
3. gas particles gaining energy
4. gas particles hitting a container surface
Which of the following best EXPLAINS why gases are easily compressed? [7g-66]
1. gas particles have lots of space between them
2. gas particles are always hitting each other
3. gas particles have little energy
4. gas particles are easily squashed to a smaller shape
Which of the following best EXPLAINS why dust particles seem to 'dance' around at random when seen with a beam of sunlight? [7g-67]
1. they gain energy from the sunlight
2. the larger dust particles are being hit by lots of smaller air particles
3. the dust particles are hit by sunlight energy particles
4. the dust particles move due to warm air convection currents
The diagram shows an experiment using a light colourless gas (air) and a heavier brown coloured gas (bromine or nitrogen dioxide). After the cover is removed the gases spread around in the gas jars by a process called? [7g-68]
1. condensation
2. evaporation
3. diffusion
4. sedimentation
The diagram shows an experiment using a light colourless gas (air) and a heavier brown coloured gas (bromine or nitrogen dioxide). After the cover is removed the gases fully mix together because? [7g-69]
1. the gases have different densities (one is 'lighter' or 'heavier' than the other)
2. of convection currents in the air
3. the air can sink into the coloured gas and the coloured gas can float on air
4. all the gas particles can move around freely
The diagram shows an experiment using a light colourless gas (air) and a heavier brown coloured gas (bromine or nitrogen dioxide). After the cover is removed The gases can completely spread throughout the gas jars because? [7g-70]
1. gas particles are not strongly attracted and free to move at random in all directions
2. there are always convection currents in air
3. the air can sink into the coloured gas and the coloured gas can float on air
4. the gases have different densities (one is 'lighter' or 'heavier' than the other)
Which of the following best EXPLAINS why the gas pressure in a metal cylinder containing oxygen gas, increases if it is heated? [7g-71]
1. more gas particles are formed and so there are more particle hits on the container side
2. the gas particles gain energy and hit the side of the container harder and more often
3. the metal atoms of the container surface vibrate more strongly
4. the gas particles collide and hit each other more frequently
Which of the following best describes a GAS? [7g-72]
1. definite volume, definite shape, does not readily flow, high density, not easily compressed
2. fills container, definite shape, does not readily flow, low density
3. fills container, takes shape of container, flows easily, low density, easily compressed
4. definite volume, takes shape of container, flows easily, quite high density, not easily compressed
Which of the following best describes a LIQUID? [7g-73]
1. definite volume, definite shape, does not readily flow, high density, not easily compressed
2. fills container, definite shape, does not readily flow, low density
3. fills container, takes shape of container, flows easily, low density, easily compressed
4. definite volume, takes shape of container, flows easily, quite high density, easily compressed
Which of the following best describes a SOLID? [7g-74]
1. definite volume, definite shape, does not readily flow, high density, not easily compressed
2. fills container, definite shape, does not readily flow, low density
3. fills container, takes shape of container, flows easily, low density, easily compressed
4. definite volume, takes shape of container, flows easily, quite high density, not easily compressed
Which of the following best EXPLAINS why a thin wire snaps if too much weight is put on it? [7g-75]
1. the attractive forces between the particles of the wire are weakened by the weight
2. the attractive forces between the particles of the wire are no longer strong enough to match the weight
3. the particles of the wire get stretched and become too thin and weak to hold the weight
4. the particles of the wire lose energy and cannot attract each other anymore
Starting with the solid, the graph shows the results of measuring the temperature of substance X as it was heated from a low to a high temperature. Which of the following is TRUE? [7g-81]
1. X is melting between times t0 and t1
2. X is completely liquid between times t1 and t2
3. X is boiling between times t2 and t3
4. temperature TE1 is the melting point of X
Starting with the solid, the graph shows the results of measuring the temperature of substance X as it was heated from a low to a high temperature. Which of the following is TRUE? [7g-82]
1. X is all solid between times t0 and t1
2. X is completely liquid between times t1 and t2
3. X is boiling between times t2 and t3
4. temperature TE2 is the melting point of X
Starting with the solid, the graph shows the results of measuring the temperature of substance X as it was heated from a low to a high temperature. Which of the following is TRUE? [7g-83]
1. X is melting between times t0 and t1
2. X is melting between times t1 and t2
3. X is boiling between times t2 and t3
4. temperature TE2 is the melting point of X
Starting with the solid, the graph shows the results of measuring the temperature of substance X as it was heated from a low to a high temperature. Which of the following is TRUE? [7g-84]
1. X is boiling between times t4 and t5
2. X is melting between times t0 and t1
3. X is all liquid between times t2 and t3
4. temperature TE1 is the boiling point of X
Starting with the solid, the graph shows the results of measuring the temperature of substance X as it was heated from a low to a high temperature. Which of the following is TRUE? [7g-85]
1. X is boiling between times t4 and t5
2. X is all liquid between times t1 and t2
3. X is melting between times t2 and t3
4. temperature TE2 is the boiling point of X
Starting with the solid, the graph shows the results of measuring the temperature of substance X as it was heated from a low to a high temperature. Which of the following is TRUE? [7g-86]
1. X is boiling between times t3 and t4
2. X is all liquid between times t1 and t2
3. X is melting between times t2 and t3
4. temperature TE1 is the boiling point of X
In winter freezing conditions can produce cracked milk bottles!
In what way does water show UNUSUAL behaviour? [7g-87]
1. the ice expands on cooling
2. ice has a greater volume than liquid water
3. liquid water contracts on freezing to form ice
4. liquid water is less dense than ice
Problems can arise with railway steel track from changes in temperature.
Small gaps are left between each rail section to allow for changes in length. Which of the following is TRUE about the steel rails and change in temperature? [7g-88]
1. expansion happens when the steel atoms lose vibration energy
2. if no gap is made the rail can get thinner or thicker without becoming dangerously distorted
3. on average the rail track will expand more in the summer than the winter
4. on average the gap will be smaller in the winter than the summer
Problems can arise with railway steel track from changes in temperature.
Small gaps are left between each rail section to allow for changes in length. Which of the following is TRUE about the steel rails and change in temperature? [7g-89]
1. expansion happens when the steel atoms lose vibration energy
2. if no gap is made the rail can get thinner or thicker without becoming dangerously distorted
3. on average the rail track will contract more in the summer than the winter
4. on average the gap will be smaller in the summer than the winter
Problems can arise with railway steel track from changes in temperature.
Small gaps are left between each rail section to allow for changes in length. Which of the following is TRUE about the steel rails and change in temperature? [7g-90]
1. expansion happens when the steel atoms gain vibration energy
2. if no gap is made the rail can get thinner or thicker without becoming dangerously distorted
3. on average the rail track will contract more in the summer than the winter
4. on average the gap will be smaller in the winter than the summer
Problems can arise with railway steel track from changes in temperature.
Small gaps are left between each rail section to allow for changes in length. Which of the following is TRUE about the steel rails and change in temperature? [7g-91]
1. expansion happens when the steel atoms lose vibration energy
2. if no gap is made the rail can get longer becoming dangerously distorted
3. on average the rail track will contract more in the summer than the winter
4. on average the gap will be smaller in the winter than the summer
The graph shows the results of monitoring a hot liquid pure wax as it slowly cooled to room temperature. Which of the following can you deduce from the results? [7g-92]
1. from time b to c, the wax is all solid
2. from time c to d, some wax is still liquid
3. the melting point of the wax is temperature T2
4. from time a to b, solid wax is forming
The graph shows the results of monitoring a hot liquid pure wax as it slowly cooled to room temperature. Which of the following can you deduce from the results? [7g-93]
1. from time b to c, the wax is all solid
2. from time c to d, some wax is still liquid
3. the melting point of the wax is temperature T3
4. from time a to b the wax is still all liquid
The graph shows the results of monitoring a hot liquid pure wax as it slowly cooled to room temperature. Which of the following can you deduce from the results? [7g-94]
1. from time b to c, the wax is changing state from liquid to solid
2. from time c to d, some wax is still liquid
3. the freezing point of the wax is temperature T1
4. from time a to b, the wax is starting to freeze
The graph shows the results of monitoring a hot liquid pure wax as it slowly cooled to room temperature. Which of the following can you deduce from the results? [7g-95]
1. from time b to c, the wax is all liquid
2. from time c to d, all the wax is solid
3. the freezing point of the wax is temperature T1
4. from time a to b, the wax is starting to freeze
The graph shows the results of monitoring a hot liquid pure wax as it slowly cooled to room temperature. Which of the following can you deduce from the results? [7g-96]
1. from time b to c, the wax is all liquid
2. from time c to d, the remaining liquid wax freezes
3. the freezing point of the wax is temperature T2
4. from time a to b, the wax is starting to freeze
Which of the following best EXPLAINS why the liquid in a glass thermometer expands with rise in temperature? [7g-97]
1. the liquid particles get bigger expanding the liquid
2. the glass particles gain more energy and push the liquid particles up the tube
3. the glass contracts forcing the liquid further up the tube
4. the liquid particles gain more energy and collide more forcefully
Starting with the solid, the graph shows the results of measuring the temperature of substance X as it was heated from a low to a high temperature. Which of the following is TRUE? [7g-98]
1. X is all gas between times t4 and t5
2. X is completely liquid between times t1 and t2
3. X is boiling between times t2 and t3
4. temperature TE1 is the boiling point of X
In winter freezing conditions can produce cracked milk bottles. In what way does water show UNUSUAL behaviour? [7g-99]
1. the ice expands on cooling
2. ice has a lower density than liquid water
3. liquid water contracts on freezing to form ice
4. liquid water is less dense than ice
Problems can arise with railway steel track from changes in temperature.
Small gaps are left between each rail section to allow for changes in length. Which of the following is TRUE about the steel rails and change in temperature? [7g-100]
1. on average the rail track will contract more in the summer than the winter
2. if no gap is made the rail can get thinner or thicker without becoming dangerously distorted
3. contraction happens when the steel atoms lose vibration energy
4. on average the gap will be smaller in the winter than the summer
Which of the following state changes corresponds to the opposite of sublimation? [7g-103]
1. gas to liquid
2. gas to solid
3. liquid to solid
4. vapour to liquid
Which of the following particle model pictures correspond to the melting state change of matter? [7g-104]
1. Y to X
2. X to Z
3. Z to X
4. Y to Z
Which of the following particle model pictures correspond to the evaporation or boiling state change of matter? [7g-105]
1. Y to X
2. X to Z
3. Z to X
4. Y to Z
Which of the following particle model pictures correspond to the condensing state change of matter? [7g-106]
1. Z to Y
2. X to Z
3. Z to X
4. X to Y
Which of the following particle model pictures correspond to the freezing state change of matter? [7g-107]
1. Z to Y
2. X to Z
3. Z to X
4. X to Y
Which of the following particle model pictures correspond to the subliming state change of matter? [7g-108]
1. Z to Y
2. X to Z
3. Y to Z
4. Y to X
Which of the following particle model pictures correspond to the opposite of subliming state change of matter? [7g-109]
1. Z to Y
2. X to Z
3. Y to Z
4. Y to X
Give the following particle model pictures and descriptions which is a gas? [7g-110]
1. fills container, takes shape of container, flows easily, low density, very easily compressed
2. definite volume, takes shape of container, flows easily, quite high density, not easily compressed
3. definite volume, definite shape, does not readily flow, high density, very difficult to compress
4. fills container, definite shape, doesn't flow easily, medium density, very easily compressed
Give the following particle model pictures and descriptions which is a liquid? [7g-111]
1. fills container, takes shape of container, flows easily, low density, very easily compressed
2. definite volume, takes shape of container, flows easily, quite high density, not easily compressed
3. definite volume, definite shape, does not readily flow, high density, very difficult to compress
4. fills container, definite shape, doesn't flow easily, medium density, very easily compressed
Give the following particle model pictures and descriptions which is a solid? [7g-112]
1. fills container, takes shape of container, flows easily, low density, very easily compressed
2. definite volume, takes shape of container, flows easily, quite high density, not easily compressed
3. definite volume, definite shape, does not readily flow, high density, very difficult to compress
4. fills container, definite shape, doesn't flow easily, medium density, very easily compressed
Give the following particle model pictures, which description doesn't match a state of matter? [7g-113]
1. fills container, takes shape of container, flows easily, low density, very easily compressed
2. definite volume, takes shape of container, flows easily, quite high density, not easily compressed
3. definite volume, definite shape, does not readily flow, high density, very difficult to compress
4. fills container, definite shape, doesn't flow easily, medium density, very easily compressed
Give the following particle model pictures and descriptions which corresponds to steam? [7g-114]
1. fills container, takes shape of container, flows easily, low density, very easily compressed
2. definite volume, takes shape of container, flows easily, quite high density, not easily compressed
3. definite volume, definite shape, does not readily flow, high density, very difficult to compress
4. fills container, definite shape, doesn't flow easily, medium density, very easily compressed
Give the following particle model pictures and descriptions which corresponds to water? [7g-115]
1. fills container, takes shape of container, flows easily, low density, very easily compressed
2. definite volume, takes shape of container, flows easily, quite high density, not easily compressed
3. definite volume, definite shape, does not readily flow, high density, very difficult to compress
4. fills container, definite shape, doesn't flow easily, medium density, very easily compressed
Give the following particle model pictures and descriptions which corresponds to ice? [7g-116]
1. fills container, takes shape of container, flows easily, low density, very easily compressed
2. definite volume, takes shape of container, flows easily, quite high density, not easily compressed
3. definite volume, definite shape, does not readily flow, high density, very difficult to compress
4. fills container, definite shape, doesn't flow easily, medium density, very easily compressed
Give the following particle model pictures and descriptions which doesn't correspond to a physical state of water? [7g-117]
1. fills container, takes shape of container, flows easily, low density, very easily compressed
2. definite volume, takes shape of container, flows easily, quite high density, not easily compressed
3. definite volume, definite shape, does not readily flow, high density, very difficult to compress
4. fills container, definite shape, doesn't flow easily, medium density, very easily compressed
Which of the following particle model descriptions matches air? [7g-118]
1. vibrating particles regularly arranged in fixed positions close together, strong force of attraction between particles which are unable to flow
2. particles free to move around but close together, weak force of attraction between particles which are able to flow
3. particles free to move around, very weak force of attraction between the widely spaced particles which are able to flow
4. particles can't move around but widely spaced, strong force of attraction between particles
Which of the following particle model descriptions matches seawater? [7g-119]
1. vibrating particles regularly arranged in fixed positions close together, strong force of attraction between particles which are unable to flow
2. particles free to move around but close together, weak force of attraction between particles which are able to flow
3. particles free to move around, very weak force of attraction between the widely spaced particles which are able to flow
4. particles can't move around but widely spaced, strong force of attraction between particles
Which of the following particle model descriptions matches limestone? [7g-120]
1. vibrating particles regularly arranged in fixed positions close together, strong force of attraction between particles which are unable to flow
2. particles free to move around but close together, weak force of attraction between particles which are able to flow
3. particles free to move around, very weak force of attraction between the widely spaced particles which are able to flow
4. particles can't move around but widely spaced, strong force of attraction between particles
Which of the following particle model descriptions doesn't match a physical state of petrol? [7g-121]
1. vibrating particles regularly arranged in fixed positions close together, strong force of attraction between particles which are unable to flow
2. particles free to move around but close together, weak force of attraction between particles which are able to flow
3. particles free to move around, very weak force of attraction between the widely spaced particles which are able to flow
4. particles can't move around but widely spaced, strong force of attraction between particles
Which is NOT TRUE when you compress a gas? [7g-122]
1. the volume decreases and the pressure increases
2. the particles are closer together
3. the particles move faster
4. there are more particle collisions with the surface of the container
Which is NOT TRUE when you compress a gas? [7g-123]
1. the volume decreases and the pressure stays the same
2. the particles are closer together
3. the particle speeds stay the same
4. there are more particle collisions with the surface of the container
Which is NOT TRUE when you compress a gas? [7g-124]
1. the volume decreases and the pressure increases
2. the particles get smaller
3. the particle speeds stay the same
4. there are more particle collisions with the surface of the container
Which is NOT TRUE when you compress a gas? [7g-125]
1. the volume decreases and the pressure increases
2. the particles stay the same size
3. the particle speeds stay the same
4. there are less particle collisions with the surface of the container
Which statement is NOT TRUE about diffusion? [7g-126]
1. diffusion cannot happen in solids because the particles don't have enough energy
2. diffusion is due to the random movement of particles from place to place
3. particles diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
4. diffusion is slower in liquids compared to gases because there are more collisions
Which statement is NOT TRUE about diffusion? [7g-127]
1. diffusion cannot happen in solids because there is no space for particles to pass each other
2. diffusion is due to the random vibration of particles from place to place
3. particles diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
4. diffusion is slower in liquids compared to gases because there are more collisions
Which statement is NOT TRUE about diffusion? [7g-128]
1. diffusion cannot happen in solids because there is no space for particles to pass each other
2. diffusion is due to the random movement of particles from place to place
3. particles diffuse from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration
4. diffusion is slower in liquids compared to gases because there are more collisions
Which statement is NOT TRUE about diffusion? [7g-129]
1. diffusion cannot happen in solids because there is no space for particles to pass each other
2. diffusion is due to the random movement of particles from place to place
3. particles diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
4. diffusion is faster in liquids compared to gases because the particle density is greater
Which of the following descriptions matches the word condensation ? [7g-130]
1. Droplets of water forming on a cold window
2. Puddles drying up in the sun
3. The smell of petrol around a garage
4. Solids forming at the bottom of a bottle of olive oil
Which of the following descriptions matches the word evaporation ? [7g-130]
1. Droplets of water forming on a cold window
2. Puddles drying up in the sun
3. The smell of petrol around a garage
4. Solids forming at the bottom of a bottle of olive oil
Which of the following descriptions matches the word diffusion ? [7g-132]
1. Droplets of water forming on a cold window
2. Puddles drying up in the sun
3. The smell of petrol around a garage
4. Solids forming at the bottom of a bottle of olive oil
Which of the following descriptions matches the word freezing ? [7g-133]
1. Droplets of water forming on a cold window
2. Puddles drying up in the sun
3. The smell of petrol around a garage
4. Solids forming at the bottom of a bottle of olive oil
Which of the particle descriptions matches the state change of melting? [7g-134]
1. the particles gain kinetic energy and vibrate more strongly until they have enough energy to overcome the attractive forces and break free and move around
2. the particles gain kinetic energy and move around faster until they have enough energy to overcome the attractive forces and break free to become widely spaced
3. the particles lose kinetic energy, move around more slowly, when sufficient energy is lost the particles cling together strongly in a regular arrangement
4. the particles lose kinetic energy, move around more slowly, when sufficient energy is lost the particles cling together quite strongly but are still free to move
Which of the particle descriptions matches the state change of boiling? [7g-135]
1. the particles gain kinetic energy and vibrate more strongly until they have enough energy to overcome the attractive forces and break free and move around
2. the particles gain kinetic energy and move around faster until they have enough energy to overcome the attractive forces and break free to become widely spaced
3. the particles lose kinetic energy, move around more slowly, when sufficient energy is lost the particles cling together strongly in a regular arrangement
4. the particles lose kinetic energy, move around more slowly, when sufficient energy is lost the particles cling together quite strongly but are still free to move
Which of the particle descriptions matches the state change of freezing? [7g-136]
1. the particles gain kinetic energy and vibrate more strongly until they have enough energy to overcome the attractive forces and break free and move around
2. the particles gain kinetic energy and move around faster until they have enough energy to overcome the attractive forces and break free to become widely spaced
3. the particles lose kinetic energy, move around more slowly, when sufficient energy is lost the particles cling together strongly in a regular arrangement
4. the particles lose kinetic energy, move around more slowly, when sufficient energy is lost the particles cling together quite strongly but are still free to move
Which of the particle descriptions matches the state change of condensation? [7g-137]
1. the particles gain kinetic energy and vibrate more strongly until they have enough energy to overcome the attractive forces and break free and move around
2. the particles gain kinetic energy and move around faster until they have enough energy to overcome the attractive forces and break free to become widely spaced
3. the particles lose kinetic energy, move around more slowly, when sufficient energy is lost the particles cling together strongly in a regular arrangement
4. the particles lose kinetic energy, move around more slowly, when sufficient energy is lost the particles cling together quite strongly but are still free to move
When a gas is heated in a sealed container of constant volume, which of the following is TRUE? [7g-138]
1. the particles collide with the container surface more frequently
2. the particles on average lose kinetic energy
3. the pressure remains the same
4. the particles keep the same average speed
When a gas is heated in a sealed container of constant volume, which of the following is TRUE? [7g-139]
1. the particles become more widely spaced
2. the particles on average gain kinetic energy
3. the pressure remains the same
4. the particles keep the same average speed
When a gas is heated in a sealed container of constant volume, which of the following is TRUE? [7g-140]
1. the particles become more widely spaced
2. the particles on average lose kinetic energy
3. the pressure increases
4. the particles keep the same average speed
When a gas is heated in a sealed container of constant volume, which of the following is TRUE? [7g-141]
1. the particles become more widely spaced
2. the particles on average lose kinetic energy
3. the pressure remains the same
4. the particles move faster
When illuminated dust particles are examined under a microscope they seem to dance around. Why is this? [7g-142]
1. the dust particles are unevenly hit by thousands of fast moving air molecules
2. the dust particles have less kinetic energy than air molecules
3. the dust particles are moving more slowly than air molecules
4. the dust particles are energised by the microscope lamp
Which of these does NOT provide good evidence for the movement of particles? [7g-143]
1. Brownian motion - illuminated dust particles dancing around when under a microscope
2. Steam from a kettle condenses on the nearest cold surface
3. A blue copper sulfate dropped into water produces a blue colour that spreads throughout the liquid without stirring
4. The smell of perfume can be detected across a room even if there appears to be no air movement
After the state change of melting which of the following statements is TRUE? [7g-144]
1. No new substance is formed
2. The particles get bigger in size
3. The mass of the substance decreases
4. The particles have more energy, but retain the same arrangement
After the state change of boiling which of the following statements is TRUE? [7g-145]
1. A new substance is formed
2. The particle size remains the same
3. The mass of the substance decreases
4. The particles have less energy, and a different arrangement
After the state change of freezing which of the following statements is TRUE? [7g-146]
1. A new substance is formed
2. The particles get bigger/smaller in size
3. The mass of the substance remains the same
4. The particles have less energy, but retain the same arrangement
After the state change of condensing which of the following statements is TRUE? [7g-147]
1. A new substance is formed
2. The particles get bigger in size
3. The mass of the substance increases
4. The particles have less energy, and have a different arrangement
Which of the following applies to glass? [7g-148]
1. Very difficult to compress, diffusion of particles very difficult, strong forces between particles holds them close together in fixed vibrating positions with almost no free space
2. Very difficult to compress, slow diffusion of particles allowed, particles quite close together held by moderately strong forces, particles free to move around, little free space between particles
3. Very easy to compress, fast diffusion of particles possible, very weak attractive forces between the particles, particles widely spaced and free to move around rapidly
Which of the following applies to sugar? [7g-149]
1. Very difficult to compress, diffusion of particles very difficult, strong forces between particles holds them close together in fixed vibrating positions with almost no free space
2. Very difficult to compress, slow diffusion of particles allowed, particles quite close together held by moderately strong forces, particles free to move around, little free space between particles
3. Very easy to compress, fast diffusion of particles possible, very weak attractive forces between the particles, particles widely spaced and free to move around rapidly
Which of the following applies to candle wax? [7g-150]
1. Very difficult to compress, diffusion of particles very difficult, strong forces between particles holds them close together in fixed vibrating positions with almost no free space
2. Very difficult to compress, slow diffusion of particles allowed, particles quite close together held by moderately strong forces, particles free to move around, little free space between particles
3. Very easy to compress, fast diffusion of particles possible, very weak attractive forces between the particles, particles widely spaced and free to move around rapidly
Which of the following applies to paraffin? [7g-151]
1. Very difficult to compress, diffusion of particles very difficult, strong forces between particles holds them close together in fixed vibrating positions with almost no free space
2. Very difficult to compress, slow diffusion of particles allowed, particles quite close together held by moderately strong forces, particles free to move around, little free space between particles
3. Very easy to compress, fast diffusion of particles possible, very weak attractive forces between the particles, particles widely spaced and free to move around rapidly
Which of the following applies to sea water? [7g-152]
1. Very difficult to compress, diffusion of particles very difficult, strong forces between particles holds them close together in fixed vibrating positions with almost no free space
2. Very difficult to compress, slow diffusion of particles allowed, particles quite close together held by moderately strong forces, particles free to move around, little free space between particles
3. Very easy to compress, fast diffusion of particles possible, very weak attractive forces between the particles, particles widely spaced and free to move around rapidly
Which of the following applies to milk? [7g-153]
1. Very difficult to compress, diffusion of particles very difficult, strong forces between particles holds them close together in fixed vibrating positions with almost no free space
2. Very difficult to compress, slow diffusion of particles allowed, particles quite close together held by moderately strong forces, particles free to move around, little free space between particles
3. Very easy to compress, fast diffusion of particles possible, very weak attractive forces between the particles, particles widely spaced and free to move around rapidly
Which of the following applies to carbon dioxide? [7g-154]
1. Very difficult to compress, diffusion of particles very difficult, strong forces between particles holds them close together in fixed vibrating positions with almost no free space
2. Very difficult to compress, slow diffusion of particles allowed, particles quite close together held by moderately strong forces, particles free to move around, little free space between particles
3. Very easy to compress, fast diffusion of particles possible, very weak attractive forces between the particles, particles widely spaced and free to move around rapidly
Which of the following applies to methane at room temperature? [7g-155]
1. Very difficult to compress, diffusion of particles very difficult, strong forces between particles holds them close together in fixed vibrating positions with almost no free space
2. Very difficult to compress, slow diffusion of particles allowed, particles quite close together held by moderately strong forces, particles free to move around, little free space between particles
3. Very easy to compress, fast diffusion of particles possible, very weak attractive forces between the particles, particles widely spaced and free to move around rapidly
Which of the following applies to water at 110⁰C? [7g-156]
1. Very difficult to compress, diffusion of particles very difficult, strong forces between particles holds them close together in fixed vibrating positions with almost no free space
2. Very difficult to compress, slow diffusion of particles allowed, particles quite close together held by moderately strong forces, particles free to move around, little free space between particles
3. Very easy to compress, fast diffusion of particles possible, very weak attractive forces between the particles, particles widely spaced and free to move around rapidly
Which of the following particle model pictures correspond to the sublimation state change of matter? [7g-157]
1. Y to X
2. X to Z
3. Z to X
4. Y to Z
Which of the following particle model pictures correspond to the opposite of sublimation state change of matter? [7g-158]
1. Y to X
2. X to Y
3. Z to X
4. Z to Y
Which of the following describes Brownian motion? [7g-159]
1. under a microscope pollen grains suspended in water seem to dance around
2. smelling wood smoke well away from the fire
3. the spreading of perfume around a room
4. the smell of petrol in a filling station
Which of the following describes Brownian motion? [7g-160]
1. under a microscope smoke particles seem to dance around in air
2. smelling wood smoke well away from the fire
3. the spreading of perfume around a room
4. the smell of petrol in a filling station
Which of the following is NOT an example of diffusion? [7g-161]
1. under a microscope smoke particles seem to dance around in air
2. smelling wood smoke well away from the fire
3. the spreading of perfume around a room
4. the smell of petrol in a filling station
Which of the following is NOT an example of diffusion? [7g-162]
1. under a microscope pollen grains suspended in water seem to dance around
2. smelling wood smoke well away from the fire
3. the spreading of perfume around a room
4. the smell of petrol in a filling station
In terms of energy or mass changes, what is happening to a substance when it undergoes the state change of melting? [7g-163]
1. thermal energy is absorbed (taken in) and the overall mass increases
2. thermal energy is lost (given out) and the overall mass decreases
3. thermal energy is absorbed (taken in) and the overall mass is unchanged
4. thermal energy is lost (given out) and the overall mass is unchanged
In terms of energy or mass changes, what is happening to a substance when it undergoes the state change of boiling? [7g-164]
1. thermal energy is absorbed (taken in) and the overall mass increases
2. thermal energy is lost (given out) and the overall mass decreases
3. thermal energy is absorbed (taken in) and the overall mass is unchanged
4. thermal energy is lost (given out) and the overall mass is unchanged
In terms of energy or mass changes, what is happening to a substance when it undergoes the state change of evaporating? [7g-165]
1. thermal energy is absorbed (taken in) and the overall mass increases
2. thermal energy is lost (given out) and the overall mass decreases
3. thermal energy is absorbed (taken in) and the overall mass is unchanged
4. thermal energy is lost (given out) and the overall mass is unchanged
In terms of energy or mass changes, what is happening to a substance when it undergoes the state change of subliming? [7g-166]
1. thermal energy is absorbed (taken in) and the overall mass increases
2. thermal energy is lost (given out) and the overall mass decreases
3. thermal energy is absorbed (taken in) and the overall mass is unchanged
4. thermal energy is lost (given out) and the overall mass is unchanged
In terms of energy or mass changes, what is happening to a substance when it undergoes the state change of freezing? [7g-167]
1. thermal energy is absorbed (taken in) and the overall mass increases
2. thermal energy is lost (given out) and the overall mass decreases
3. thermal energy is absorbed (taken in) and the overall mass is unchanged
4. thermal energy is lost (given out) and the overall mass is unchanged
In terms of energy or mass changes, what is happening to a substance when it undergoes the state change of condensing? [7g-168]
1. thermal energy is absorbed (taken in) and the overall mass increases
2. thermal energy is lost (given out) and the overall mass decreases
3. thermal energy is absorbed (taken in) and the overall mass is unchanged
4. thermal energy is lost (given out) and the overall mass is unchanged
Which of the following matches "at a certain temperature, vibrating particles, unable to move around, gain enough kinetic energy to weaken the forces holding the particles together, and allow them to break free and move around freely, but close together"? [7g-169]
1. melting
2. boiling
3. condensation
4. freezing
5. sublimation
Which of the following matches "at a certain temperature, freely moving particles, close together, gain enough kinetic energy and move faster to weaken the forces holding the particles together, and break free from these forces and move around freely, but widely spaced"? [7g-170]
1. melting
2. boiling
3. condensation
4. freezing
5. sublimation
Which of the following matches "at a certain temperature, widely spaced freely moving particles lose enough kinetic energy to strengthen the forces attracting the particles closer together, but still free to move around"? [7g-171]
1. melting
2. boiling
3. condensation
4. freezing
5. sublimation
Which of the following matches "at a certain temperature, closely spaced freely moving particles lose enough kinetic energy to strengthen the forces attracting the particles even closer together and are no longer free to move around due to the strong inter-particle forces"? [7g-172]
1. melting
2. boiling
3. condensation
4. freezing
5. sublimation
Which of the following matches "at a certain temperature, vibrating particles close together unable to freely move around, gain enough kinetic energy to weaken the forces holding the particles together, and break free to move around at random, but widely spaced"? [7g-173]
1. melting
2. boiling
3. condensation
4. freezing
5. sublimation
Which of the following is the least difficult to compress? [7g-176]
1. air
2. water
3. stone
4. paraffin
Which of the following is the most difficult to compress? [7g-177]
1. air
2. water
3. stone
4. petrol
For the same temperature rise, which of the following will expand the most in volume? [7g-178]
1. air
2. water
3. stone
4. paraffin
For the same temperature rise, which of the following will expand the least in volume? [7g-179]
1. air
2. water
3. stone
4. paraffin
For the same temperature rise, which of the following will expand the most in volume? [7g-180]
1. carbon dioxide
2. petrol
3. steel
4. mercury
For the same temperature rise, which of the following will expand the least in volume? [7g-181]
1. carbon dioxide
2. petrol
3. steel
4. mercury
When the air in a room becomes warmer a hanging balloon blown up with air becomes larger in size because the molecules of air? [7g-182]
1. become bigger with increased kinetic energy
2. become smaller with less kinetic energy
3. move faster and gain kinetic energy
4. move slower and lose kinetic energy
When the air in a room becomes cooler a hanging balloon blown up with air becomes smaller in size because the molecules of air? [7g-183]
1. become bigger with increased kinetic energy
2. become smaller with decreased kinetic energy
3. move faster with increased kinetic energy
4. move slower with decreased kinetic energy
When the air in a room becomes warmer, an inflated hanging balloon becomes larger, so, which of the following is TRUE about the situation? [7g-184]
1. the air molecules inside the balloon become larger than those outside the balloon
2. the air molecules inside the balloon have more kinetic energy than those air molecules outside it
3. the pressure of air inside the balloon increases and its density decreases
4. the pressure of air outside the balloon decreases and its density increases
When the air in a room becomes cooler, a hanging inflated balloon becomes smaller, so, which of the following is TRUE about the situation? [7g-185]
1. the air molecules outside the balloon become smaller than those inside the balloon
2. the air molecules inside the balloon have less kinetic energy than those air molecules outside it
3. the pressure of air outside the balloon decreases and its density decreases
4. the pressure of air inside the balloon decreases and its density increases
[7g-186] Which of the following is NOT true concerning the condition of heat energy in solids? (particles can mean atoms, ions or molecules)
1. when a solid is heated, the particles vibrate faster with less kinetic energy
2. higher kinetic energy particles, vibrating faster, transfer energy to neighbouring particles of lesser vibrational kinetic energy
3. thermal conduction of heat energy continues until all the particles in a system attain the same temperature with the same average kinetic energy
4. the higher the temperature, the faster the particles vibrate, the greater the vibrational energy of the particles
[7g-187] Which of the following is NOT true concerning the condition of heat energy in solids? (particles can mean atoms, ions or molecules)
1. when a solid is heated, the particles vibrate faster with greater kinetic energy
2. lower kinetic energy particles, vibrating slower, transfer energy to neighbouring particles of greater vibrational kinetic energy
3. thermal conduction of heat energy continues until all the particles in a system attain the same temperature with the same average kinetic energy
4. the higher the temperature, the faster the particles vibrate, the greater the vibrational energy of the particles
[7g-188] Which of the following is NOT true concerning the condition of heat energy in solids? (particles can mean atoms, ions or molecules)
1. when a solid is heated, the particles vibrate faster with greater kinetic energy
2. higher kinetic energy particles, vibrating faster, transfer energy to neighbouring particles of lesser vibrational kinetic energy
3. thermal conduction of heat energy never stops because the particles never stop vibrating
4. the higher the temperature, the faster the particles vibrate, the greater the vibrational energy of the particles
[7g-189] Which of the following is NOT true concerning the condition of heat energy in solids? (particles can mean atoms, ions or molecules)
1. when a solid is heated, the particles vibrate faster with greater kinetic energy
2. higher kinetic energy particles, vibrating faster, transfer energy to neighbouring particles of lesser vibrational kinetic energy
3. thermal conduction of heat energy continues until all the particles in a system attain the same temperature with the same average kinetic energy
4. the lower the temperature, the faster the particles vibrate with less vibrational energy
Which of the following statements is NOT true about the state changes between the liquid and gaseous states of matter of a substance? [7g-190]
1. Evaporation means molecules change from a liquid state to a gaseous state only at a fixed temperature.
2. Boiling means molecules change from a liquid state to a gaseous state, both at the surface and in the bulk liquid
3. Condensation can take place at range of temperature between above the melting point and below the boiling point.
4. Boiling takes place at a fixed temperature at a given pressure.
Which of the following statements is NOT true about the state changes between the liquid and gaseous states of matter of a substance? [7g-191]
1. Evaporation means molecules change from a liquid state to a gaseous state, but only at a liquid surface over a range of temperature from above the melting point to below the boiling point.
2. Boiling means molecules change from a liquid state to a gaseous state, but only from the surface over a range of temperatures.
3. Condensation can take place at range of temperature between above the melting point and below the boiling point.
4. Boiling takes place at a fixed temperature at a given pressure.
Which of the following statements is NOT true about the state changes between the liquid and gaseous states of matter of a substance? [7g-192]
1. Evaporation means molecules change from a liquid state to a gaseous state, but only at a liquid surface over a range of temperature from above the melting point to below the boiling point.
2. Boiling means molecules change from a liquid state to a gaseous state, both at the surface and in the bulk liquid
3. Condensation can only take place at a temperature just below the boiling point.
4. Boiling takes place at a fixed temperature at a given pressure.
Which of the following statements is NOT true about the state changes between the liquid and gaseous states of matter of a substance? [7g-193]
1. Evaporation means molecules change from a liquid state to a gaseous state, but only at a liquid surface over a range of temperature from the melting point to the boiling point.
2. Boiling means molecules change from a liquid state to a gaseous state, both at the surface and in the bulk liquid
3. Condensation can take place at range of temperature between above the melting point and below the boiling point.
4. Boiling takes place over a range of temperatures as the liquid is heated up.
What temperature does the Celsius thermometer read in ^oC? [7i-21]
1. 36.0
2. 34.0
3. 44.0
4. 35.5
What temperature does the Celsius thermometer read in ^oC? [7i-22]
1. 3
2. -7
3. 7
4. -3
What temperature does the Celsius thermometer read in ^oC? [7i-23]
1. 101.0
2. 102.0
3. 101.5
4. 103.0
What temperature does the Celsius thermometer read in ^oC? [7i-24]
1. 46.0
2. 47.0
3. 53.5
4. 46.5
What temperature does the Celsius thermometer read in ^oC? [7i-25]
1. 132
2. 144
3. 126
4. 131
What temperature does the Celsius thermometer read in ^oC? [7i-26]
1. 46.5
2. 53.0
3. 51.5
4. 63.5
What temperature does the Celsius thermometer read in ^oC? [7i-27]
1. 203.0
2. 201.5
3. 206.0
4. 227.0
What temperature does the Celsius thermometer read in ^oC? [7i-28]
1. 68.5
2. 81.5
3. 76.0
4. 77.0
The diagram shows a simple calorimeter system for measuring the heat given out by a liquid fuel burner. The experiment data for four fuels A, B, C and D is given below. 100 ml (100g) of water was used in the calorimeter to 'collect' the heat given out. The mass of fuel burned and the temperature rise of the water are given.

From the data which fuel is the MOST efficient in terms of energy released per unit mass? [7i-33]
1. mass of fuel = 1.20 g, temperature rise 24^oC
2. mass of fuel = 0.80g, temperature rise 12^oC
3. mass of fuel = 1.75g, temperature rise 28^oC
4. mass of fuel = 0.50 g, temperature rise 9^oC
The diagram shows a simple calorimeter system for measuring the heat given out by a liquid fuel burner. The experiment data for four fuels A, B, C and D is given below. 100 ml (100g) of water was used in the calorimeter to 'collect' the heat given out. The mass of fuel burned and the temperature rise of the water are given.

From the data which fuel is the LEAST efficient in terms of energy released per unit mass? [7i-34]
1. mass of fuel = 1.20 g, temperature rise 24^oC
2. mass of fuel = 0.80g, temperature rise 12^oC
3. mass of fuel = 1.75g, temperature rise 28^oC
4. mass of fuel = 0.50 g, temperature rise 9^oC
The diagram shows a simple calorimeter system for measuring the heat given out by a liquid fuel burner. The experiment data for four fuels A, B, C and D is given below. 100 ml (100g) of water was used in the calorimeter to 'collect' the heat given out. The mass of fuel burned and the temperature rise of the water are given.

From the data which fuel would give a temperature rise of 56^oC if 3.5g of it is burned? [7i-35]
1. mass of fuel = 1.20 g, temperature rise 24^oC
2. mass of fuel = 0.80g, temperature rise 12^oC
3. mass of fuel = 1.75g, temperature rise 28^oC
4. mass of fuel = 0.50 g, temperature rise 9^oC
The diagram shows a simple calorimeter system for measuring the heat given out by a liquid fuel burner. The experiment data for four fuels A, B, C and D is given below. 100 ml (100g) of water was used in the calorimeter to 'collect' the heat given out. The mass of fuel burned and the temperature rise of the water are given.

From the data which fuel would give a temperature rise of 63^oC if 3.5g of it is burned? [7i-36]
1. mass of fuel = 1.20 g, temperature rise 24^oC
2. mass of fuel = 0.80g, temperature rise 12^oC
3. mass of fuel = 1.75g, temperature rise 28^oC
4. mass of fuel = 0.50 g, temperature rise 9^oC
Which is a unit of energy? [7i-37]
1. joule
2. celsius
3. gram
4. cm³
Which is a unit of temperature? [7i-38]
1. joule
2. celsius
3. gram
4. cm³
Which is a unit of energy [7i-41]
1. kJ
2. ^oC
3. g
4. ml
Which is a unit of temperature? [7i-42]
1. kJ
2. ^oC
3. g
4. ml
Which is a unit of energy? [7i-45]
1. J
2. K
3. kg
4. m³
Which is a unit of temperature? [7i-46]
1. J
2. K
3. kg
4. m³
We measure __(1)__ using a __(2)__. One __(3)__ of temperature is called the degree __(4)__ (^oC). Temperature is a measure of how __(5)__ or cold something is and, because it can change, it is known as a __(6)__.

Choose word from: celsius, hot, temperature, thermometer, unit, variable
Which word is missing from __(1)__? [7i-88]
1. temperature
2. thermometer
3. unit
4. celsius
5. hot
6. variable
We measure __(1)__ using a __(2)__. One __(3)__ of temperature is called the degree __(4)__ (^oC). Temperature is a measure of how __(5)__ or cold something is and, because it can change, it is known as a __(6)__.

Choose word from: celsius, hot, temperature, thermometer, unit, variable
Which word is missing from __(2)__? [7i-89]
1. temperature
2. thermometer
3. unit
4. celsius
5. hot
6. variable
We measure __(1)__ using a __(2)__. One __(3)__ of temperature is called the degree __(4)__ (^oC). Temperature is a measure of how __(5)__ or cold something is and, because it can change, it is known as a __(6)__.

Choose word from: celsius, hot, temperature, thermometer, unit, variable
Which word is missing from __(3)__? [7i-90]
1. temperature
2. thermometer
3. unit
4. celsius
5. hot
6. variable
We measure __(1)__ using a __(2)__. One __(3)__ of temperature is called the degree __(4)__ (^oC). Temperature is a measure of how __(5)__ or cold something is and, because it can change, it is known as a __(6)__.

Choose word from: celsius, hot, temperature, thermometer, unit, variable
Which word is missing from __(4)__? [7i-91]
1. temperature
2. thermometer
3. unit
4. celsius
5. hot
6. variable
We measure __(1)__ using a __(2)__. One __(3)__ of temperature is called the degree __(4)__ (^oC). Temperature is a measure of how __(5)__ or cold something is and, because it can change, it is known as a __(6)__.

Choose word from: celsius, hot, temperature, thermometer, unit, variable
Which word is missing from __(5)__? [7i-92]
1. temperature
2. thermometer
3. unit
4. celsius
5. hot
6. variable
We measure __(1)__ using a __(2)__. One __(3)__ of temperature is called the degree __(4)__ (^oC). Temperature is a measure of how __(5)__ or cold something is and, because it can change, it is known as a __(6)__.

Choose word from: celsius, hot, temperature, thermometer, unit, variable
Which word is missing from __(6)__? [7i-93]
1. temperature
2. thermometer
3. unit
4. celsius
5. hot
6. variable
[7i-119] An night storage heater is uses cheaper off-peak electricity. What sort of energy store is created?
1. electrostatic energy store
2. thermal energy store
3. electrical energy store
4. chemical energy store
Which form of energy comes from a convector heater? [9i-10]
1. gravitational potential
2. thermal
3. electrical
4. chemical
In the home electrical energy is converted into useful forms by various appliances. Four examples (1)-(4) are listed below, including what happens to a % of the original electrical energy. Which statement of A-D is most likely NOT true?
Examples:
(1) A lamp coverts 5% of the energy into light.
(2) A kettle uses 97% of the energy to heat the water.
(3) A typical food mixer wastes 60% of the energy input.
(4) A HiFi system converts 30% of the energy into sound and light. [9i-49]
1. 95% of the electrical energy in the lamp is useful thermal energy
2. the electric kettle is the most energy efficient appliance with least wasted energy
3. the food mixer converts 40% of the electrical energy into useful kinetic energy
4. The HiFi wastes 70% of the electrical energy, mainly as heat or thermal energy
In the home electrical energy is converted into useful forms by various appliances. Four examples (1)-(4) are listed below, including what happens to a % of the original electrical energy. Which statement of A-D is most likely NOT true?
Examples:
(1) A lamp coverts 5% of the energy into light.
(2) A kettle uses 97% of the energy to heat the water.
(3) A typical food mixer wastes 60% of the energy input.
(4) A HiFi system converts 30% of the energy into sound and light. [9i-50]
1. 95% of the electrical energy is wasted as heat by the lamp by conduction and radiation
2. the electric kettle is the least energy efficient appliance with most wasted thermal energy
3. the food mixer converts 40% of the electrical energy into useful kinetic energy
4. The HiFi wastes 70% of the electrical energy, mainly as heat or thermal energy
In the home electrical energy is converted into useful forms by various appliances. Four examples (1)-(4) are listed below, including what happens to a % of the original electrical energy. Which statement of A-D is most likely NOT true?
Examples:
(1) A lamp coverts 5% of the energy into light.
(2) A kettle uses 97% of the energy to heat the water.
(3) A typical food mixer wastes 60% of the energy input.
(4) A HiFi system converts 30% of the energy into sound and light. [9i-51]
1. 95% of the electrical energy is wasted as heat by the lamp mainly by radiation
2. the electric kettle is the most energy efficient appliance with least wasted energy
3. the food mixer converts 40% of the electrical energy into useful thermal energy
4. The HiFi wastes 70% of the electrical energy, mainly as heat or thermal energy
In the home electrical energy is converted into useful forms by various appliances. Four examples (1)-(4) are listed below, including what happens to a % of the original electrical energy. Which statement of A-D is most likely NOT true?
Examples:
(1) A lamp coverts 5% of the energy into light.
(2) A kettle uses 97% of the energy to heat the water.
(3) A typical food mixer wastes 60% of the energy input.
(4) A HiFi system converts 30% of the energy into sound and light. [9i-52]
1. 95% of the electrical energy is wasted as heat by the lamp by conduction and thermal radiation
2. the electric kettle is the most energy efficient appliance with least wasted energy
3. the food mixer converts 40% of the electrical energy into useful kinetic energy
4. The HiFi wastes 50% of the electrical energy, mainly as thermal energy
In the home electrical energy is converted into useful forms by various appliances. Four examples (1)-(4) are listed below, including what happens to a % of the original electrical energy. Which statement of A-D is most likely NOT true?
Examples:
(1) A lamp coverts 5% of the energy into light.
(2) A kettle uses 97% of the energy to heat the water.
(3) A typical food mixer wastes 60% of the energy input.
(4) A HiFi system converts 30% of the energy into sound and light. [9i-53]
1. the lamp is the most efficient appliance with the least wasted energy
2. 3% of the electrical energy is wasted by the kettle, mainly by conduction and convection losses
3. the food mixer converts about 60% of the electrical energy into heat and sound energy
4. The HiFi produces sound energy that is not wasted
In the home electrical energy is converted into useful forms by various appliances. Four examples (1)-(4) are listed below, including what happens to a % of the original electrical energy. Which statement of A-D is most likely NOT true?
Examples:
(1) A lamp coverts 5% of the energy into light.
(2) A kettle uses 97% of the energy to heat the water.
(3) A typical food mixer wastes 60% of the energy input.
(4) A HiFi system converts 30% of the energy into sound and light. [9i-54]
1. the lamp is the least efficient appliance with the most wasted energy
2. 3% of the electrical energy is wasted by the kettle, mainly by leaked conduction of electrical charge or current
3. the food mixer converts about 60% of the electrical energy into heat and sound energy
4. The HiFi produces sound energy that is not wasted
In the home electrical energy is converted into useful forms by various appliances. Four examples (1)-(4) are listed below, including what happens to a % of the original electrical energy. Which statement of A-D is most likely NOT true?
Examples:
(1) A lamp coverts 5% of the energy into light.
(2) A kettle uses 97% of the energy to heat the water.
(3) A typical food mixer wastes 60% of the energy input.
(4) A HiFi system converts 30% of the energy into sound and light. [9i-55]
1. the lamp is the least efficient appliance with the most wasted energy
2. 3% of the electrical energy is wasted by the kettle, mainly by conduction and convection losses
3. the food mixer converts about 40% of the electrical energy into useful thermal and sound energy
4. The HiFi produces sound energy that is not wasted
In the home electrical energy is converted into useful forms by various appliances. Four examples (1)-(4) are listed below, including what happens to a % of the original electrical energy. Which statement of A-D is most likely NOT true?
Examples:
(1) A lamp coverts 5% of the energy into light.
(2) A kettle uses 97% of the energy to heat the water.
(3) A typical food mixer wastes 60% of the energy input.
(4) A HiFi system converts 30% of the energy into sound and light. [9i-56]
1. the lamp is the least efficient appliance with the most wasted thermal and radiation energy
2. 3% of the electrical energy is wasted by the kettle, mainly by conduction and convection losses from the kettle sides
3. the food mixer converts about 60% of the electrical energy into heat and sound energy
4. The HiFi produces sound energy that is wasted
electrical energy => useful/wasted energy outputs
energy input transfers as a 3 J/s of wasted sound energy
of 600 J/s to hair dryer 590 J/s of useful heat energy
the appliance is being used ? J/s of ? energy
The table summarises what happens to the energy input and output of an electrical appliance. Which is the most likely missing quantity and form of output energy when the hair dryer is in use? [9i-81]
1. 7 J/s of useful kinetic energy
2. 7 J/s of wasted potential energy
3. 5 J/s of wasted kinetic energy
4. 5 J/s of useful potential energy
electrical energy => useful/wasted energy outputs
energy input transfers as a 5 J/s of useful kinetic energy
of 400 J/s to hair dryer 393 J/s of useful heat energy
the appliance is being used ? J/s of ? energy
The table summarises what happens to the energy input and output of an electrical appliance. Which is the most likely missing quantity and form of output energy when the hair dryer is in use? [9i-82]
1. 2 J/s of useful kinetic energy
2. 2 J/s of wasted sound energy
3. 1 J/s of wasted kinetic energy
4. 1 J/s of useful potential energy
electrical energy => useful/wasted energy outputs
input energy transfers as a 4 J/s of useful kinetic energy
of 300 J/s to hair dryer 1 J/s of wasted sound energy
the appliance is being used ? J/s of ? energy
The table summarises what happens to the energy input and output of an electrical appliance. Which is the most likely missing quantity and form of output energy when the hair dryer is in use? [9i-83]
1. 290 J/s of wasted kinetic energy
2. 295 J/s of wasted heat energy
3. 200 of J/s of useful heat energy and 95 J/s of wasted heat energy
4. 200 J/s of useful potential energy and 95 J/s of wasted heat energy

electrical energy => useful/wasted energy outputs
input energy transfers as a 80 J/s of wasted sound energy
of 1200 J/s to food mixer 620 J/s of wasted heat energy
the appliance is being used ? J/s of ? energy
The table summarises what happens to the energy input and output of an electrical appliance. Which is the most likely missing quantity and form of output energy when the food mixer is in use? [9i-85]
1. 500 J/s of useful kinetic energy
2. 500 J/s of useful potential energy
3. 300 J/s of useful heat energy and 280 J/s of wasted potential energy
4. 580 J/s of wasted heat energy
electrical energy => useful/wasted energy outputs
input energy transfers as a 370 J/s of useful kinetic energy
of 800 J/s to food mixer 400 J/s of wasted heat energy
the appliance is being used ? J/s of ? energy
The table summarises what happens to the energy input and output of an electrical appliance. Which is the most likely missing quantity and form of output energy when the food mixer is in use? [9i-86]
1. 30 J/s of wasted kinetic energy
2. 30 J/s of wasted sound energy
3. 20 J/s of useful heat energy
4. 130 J/s of wasted heat energy

METAL	aluminium	brass	copper	steel
length increase	0.49	0.40	0.25	0.22

electrical	energy =>	useful/wasted energy outputs
energy input	transfers as a	3 J/s of wasted sound energy
of 600 J/s to	hair dryer	590 J/s of useful heat energy
the appliance	is being used	? J/s of ? energy