Doc Brown's Chemistry Clinic

1st DRAFT of My unofficial support for the CHEMISTRY of the Northern Ireland CCEA GCSE SCIENCE COURSE

CCEA KS4 GCSE Science-Chemistry

CCEA GCSE Science (the Chemistry of the Single Award) * CCEA GCSE Science (the Chemistry of the Double Award) * CCEA GCSE Chemistry (Separate Sciences Award) syllabus-specification

PLEASE READ THE FOLLOWING VERY CAREFULLY

 This unofficial page I'm designing provides links to useful Chemistry sections on My for the Northern Ireland KS4  Science: CCEA GCSE Science (Single Award) * CCEA GCSE Science (Double Award) * CCEA GCSE Chemistry (Separate Sciences Award). Over the past 7 years I've written lots of notes for the previous GCSE courses, but I'm sure they will still prove useful for the CHEMISTRY of the new GCSE-KS4 Science courses. PLEASE remember the notes are NOT complete and not just for your particular syllabus, but are designed to cover, eventually, any Chemistry, Earth Science and Radioactivity of any GCSE syllabus-specification.

When you follow a link you will find some useful information on the web page about the topic you are researching. Sometimes the link goes straight to the relevant paragraph but otherwise use the sub-indexes of key words or headings at the top of each page. All the syllabus-topic-unit titles are taken from the official GCSE syllabus-specification which you can download from the CCEA site. New word-fill worksheets and multiple choice (m/c) quizzes will be adapted from 'old' ones and new ones developed through 2008.

Further note that the new GCSE science-chemistry courses, particularly those in applied science, require much more detail in some topics than will appear in my notes, however, I hope my 'old' revision-information-research notes will help in some small way for individual students. My chemistry research-information-revision notes ALL are being slowly revised and extended-updated to cover the new chemistry material BUT I do not have time to deliver extended responses to email questions and please do NOT ask for past papers.

My other Science-Chemistry syllabus unofficial support links  *  EMAIL query?comment

 My other Science-Chemistry syllabus unofficial support links

Useful GCSE mini site-map of Doc Brown's Chemistry Clinic saveable to Desktop and all links work from Desktop

CCEA GCSE Science (the Chemistry of the Single Award)

MODULE 3 Chemical Patterns and our Environment

Acids and Bases

• Notes on Acids, Bases, Alkalis, pH, Neutralisation and Salts - includes theory, lots of formulae and word and balanced symbol equations, salt preparations and equations. Associated Quizzes and worksheets.

• Chemical hazard warning symbols

Food Processing

• Extra Organic Chemistry Notes - section on food additives.

The World About Us

• Earth Science Notes - based a series of 'cue' questions on atmospheric evolution, carbon cycle, igneous-metamorphic-sedimentary rock formation and properties, plate tectonics and rock cycle etc. Associated Quizzes and worksheets.

Elements and Compounds

• Atomic Structure Notes - the structure of atoms, isotopes, nuclear structure notation, electronic structure and the Periodic Table. Quizzes and worksheets on atomic structure.

• Summary of the Periodic Table - Explanation and overview of Groups, Periods, Series etc. with links to more detailed notes on the Group 1 Alkali Metals, Group 7 Halogens, Group 0 Noble Gases and Transition Metals. Section 3. Quizzes and worksheets based on the Periodic Table.

• Group 0 Noble Gases Notes - data, properties, chemical inertness and uses.

• Group 1 The Alkali Metals Notes - Tabulated element data for lithium, sodium and potassium etc., physical and chemical properties of the metals, group trends, reactions with water, oxygen and chlorine, theory of group reactivity trend, compound formulae, uses of metals and compounds. Section 4. Quizzes and worksheets on the Alkali Metals.

• The Reactivity Series of Metals, Corrosion and  Redox Reaction Notes - The reactions of metals with oxygen, water and acids, displacement reactions.  The notes on each metal are listed in reactivity order. Associated Quizzes and worksheets.

• Elements, Compounds, Mixtures Notes - Much basic chemistry on this page e.g. definitions and examples of atoms, elements, compounds and mixtures, separation methods, physical & chemical changes and sections on 'how to understand and write chemical equations' and work out the formula of a compound. Quizzes and worksheets on element symbols, displayed formula, compound formulae and equations (keyword-phrase index at top of page).

• Types of Chemical Bonding - Introduction to ionic, covalent bonding.

CCEA GCSE Science (the Chemistry of the Single Award)

MODULE 4 Materials and their management

Oils, Polymers and Materials

• Oil and useful products - The hydrocarbons from oil and their uses e.g. alkanes, alkenes, fuels, polymers/plastics, fossil fuels and environmental problems etc. See also Alternative and Fossil Fuel Survey and Global warming discussion page. Associated Quizzes and worksheets.

• Extra Organic Chemistry Notes - more on polymers.

Hard Water

• Water and Extra Aqueous Chemistry Notes - hard and soft water.

Recycling and Exploitation of Earth Resources

• Oil and useful products - plastic problems.

Using Materials to Fight Crime

• Elements, Compounds, Mixtures Notes - chromatography.

• Chemical Identity Tests - Gives descriptions of lots of tests for gases and ions etc. and use the keyword alphabetical index near top of the page. Chemical hazard warning symbols

CCEA GCSE Science (the Chemistry of the Double Award)

USING MATERIALS AND UNDERSTANDING REACTIONS

Some General on-site Chemistry Links

• Elements, Compounds, Mixtures Notes - Much basic chemistry on this page e.g. definitions and examples of atoms, elements, compounds and mixtures, separation methods, physical & chemical changes and sections on 'how to understand and write chemical equations' and work out the formula of a compound. Quizzes and worksheets on element symbols, displayed formula, compound formulae and equations (keyword-phrase index at top of page).

• Types of Chemical Reactions - 40 different reactions-processes are described, use the top alphabetical index to find examples of the reaction type you seek, Email me if one is missing, always happy to add extra examples. Type of reaction quiz

• Chemical hazard warning symbols

• Water and Extra Aqueous Chemistry Notes - solubility, keyword definitions etc.

Particles and Bonds

• States of Matter - particle theory - gas, liquid & solid - notes and diagrams on states, state changes, using the particle model to explain their properties. Associated Quizzes and worksheets. PVT calculations involving gas volume-pressure-temperature.

• Atomic Structure Notes - the structure of atoms, isotopes, nuclear structure notation, electronic structure and the Periodic Table. Quizzes and worksheets on atomic structure.

• Elements, Compounds, Mixtures Notes - Much basic chemistry on this page e.g. definitions and examples of atoms, elements, compounds and mixtures, separation methods, physical & chemical changes and sections on 'how to understand and write chemical equations' and work out the formula of a compound. Quizzes and worksheets on element symbols, displayed formula, compound formulae and equations (keyword-phrase index at top of page).

• Material structure and Types of Chemical Bonding - Ionic, covalent (simple molecules, giant covalent structures, polymer structure) and metallic bonding (including alloys) theory and examples, physical properties of elements and compound explained. Associated Quizzes and worksheets.

Understanding Chemical Reactions

• Elements, Compounds, Mixtures Notes - 'molecular' and ionic equations and how to work out formulae, state symbols etc. use keyword index. Quizzes and worksheets

• The Reactivity Series of Metals, Corrosion and  Redox Reaction Notes -  rusting of iron and preventing its corrosion, plus a detailed introduction to oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions, simple cells etc.  The notes on each metal are listed in reactivity order. Associated Quizzes and worksheets.

• Water and Extra Aqueous Chemistry Notes -  hard and soft water.

• Notes on Acids, Bases, Alkalis, pH, Neutralisation and Salts - includes theory, lots of formulae and word and balanced symbol equations, salt preparations and equations. Associated section 12. of Quizzes and worksheets.

• Extra notes on Electrochemistry - an introduction to electrolysis, theory, electrolysis cells, industrial electrolysis process links summary, experimental methods for electrolysis, electrode equations, simple cells/batteries, fuel cells etc.

• The Mining of Minerals and the Extraction of Metals - the extraction of aluminium and purification of copper. Associated Quizzes and worksheets.

PATTERNS, PROBLEMS AND PROCESSES

• Extra Industrial Chemistry Notes - effect of heat on limestone and other carbonates.

• Types of Chemical Reactions - 40 different reactions-processes are described, use the top alphabetical index to find examples of the reaction type you seek, Email me if one is missing, always happy to add extra examples. Type of reaction quiz

• Notes on Energy changes-transfers in Chemical Reactions - Exothermic and endothermic energy changes, breaking and making of chemical bonds.

• The Reactivity Series of Metals, Corrosion and  Redox Reaction Notes - The reactions of metals with oxygen, water and acids, displacement reactions, rusting of iron and preventing its corrosion, plus a detailed introduction to oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions, simple cells etc.  The notes on each metal are listed in reactivity order. Associated Quizzes and worksheets.

• Factors affecting the rates-speeds of chemical reactions - the factors affecting reaction rates, experimental methods for obtaining data, graphs, energy change-reaction profiles and activation energies. Associated Quizzes and worksheets.

• Summary of the Periodic Table - Explanation and overview of Groups, Periods, Series etc. with links to more detailed notes on the Group 1 Alkali Metals, Group 7 Halogens, Group 0 Noble Gases and Transition Metals. Section 3. Quizzes and worksheets based on the Periodic Table.

• Group 1 The Alkali Metals Notes - Tabulated element data for lithium, sodium and potassium etc., physical and chemical properties of the metals, group trends, reactions with water, oxygen and chlorine, theory of group reactivity trend, compound formulae, uses of metals and compounds. Section 4. Quizzes and worksheets on the Alkali Metals.

• Group 7 The Halogens Notes - data, physical properties and chemistry of elements chlorine, bromine, iodine and their compounds, electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride/brine and the uses of the products - chlorine, hydrogen and sodium hydroxide. Alphabetical keyword-phrase list at top of page. Section 8. Quizzes and worksheets on The Halogens.

• Compiled tables of element data - on Groups 1,2,7,0 and Transition Metals.

• Chemical Calculations Index of to sections 1. to 16. of explained examples and quizzes built into the notes. Section 1. Relative atomic mass and its calculation. Section 2. formula/molecular mass,  Section 7. Introducing moles, reacting mole and mass ratios, Section 8. Empirical & molecular formula calculations using moles,  Section 9. moles and gas volumes, Section 11. making up solutions, concentration & molarity.

Metals, Non-Metals and their Compounds

Metals and their uses:

• The Transition Metals, their Properties and Uses and mention of other metals - chemical and physical properties of them, uses of iron, copper, chromium etc., and a section on the uses and applications of other non-transition metals like aluminium. Associated Quizzes and worksheets. (see also Sections 4. and 5. Extra Industrial Chemistry and uses of sodium)

• The Reactivity Series of Metals, Corrosion and  Redox Reaction Notes - The reactions of metals with oxygen, water and acids, displacement reactions, rusting of iron and preventing its corrosion. The notes on each metal are listed in reactivity order. Associated Quizzes and worksheets.

• Material structure and Types of Chemical Bonding - properties of ionic compounds.

• Water and Extra Aqueous Chemistry Notes - solubility summary at the end of section 2.

Non-metals and their Uses

• Chemical Identity Tests - Gives descriptions of lots of tests for gases and ions etc. and use the keyword alphabetical index near top of the page.

• Oil and useful products - carbon and fuel full and incomplete combustion. Also, acid rain pollution.

• Ammonia synthesis - manufacture and uses of ammonia. You don't need to know about the equilibrium ideas Associated Quizzes and worksheets. Some mention of the uses of nitrogen and oxygen.

• Elements, Compounds, Mixtures Notes - iron-sulphur reaction.

• Group 0 Noble Gases Notes - data, properties, chemical inertness and uses.

• Group 7 The Halogens Notes - data, physical properties and chemistry of the element chlorine.

• Water and Extra Aqueous Chemistry Notes - water treatment, use as solvent.

• Oil and useful products - Greenhouse effect and environmental problems etc. See also  Global warming discussion page.

Organic Chemistry

• Oil and useful products - The hydrocarbons from oil and their uses e.g. alkanes, alkenes, fuels, polymers/plastics, fossil fuels and environmental problems etc. See also Alternative and Fossil Fuel Survey and Global warming discussion page. Associated Quizzes and worksheets.

• Extra Organic Chemistry Notes - Alkane & alkene homologous series 'families', alcohols like ethanol, other organic molecule families e.g. carboxylic acids, esters, polymers. (See also basic Oil Product notes above.)

Science at Work

• The Mining of Minerals and the Extraction of Metals -Extraction of iron and at the end is a section on economic and environmental issues.

• Extra Industrial Chemistry Notes - chemical economics and related issues.

• Radioactivity and Nuclear Power - The structure of atoms linked to the properties and uses of alpha, beta and gamma radiation, radioisotope dating, half-life and explanation of fission/fusion nuclear reactions etc. Associated Quizzes and worksheets.

CCEA GCSE Chemistry (Separate Sciences Award)

1. Atomic Structure and bonding

• Atomic Structure Notes - the structure of atoms, isotopes, nuclear structure notation, electronic structure and the Periodic Table. Quizzes and worksheets on atomic structure.

• Material structure and Types of Chemical Bonding - Ionic, covalent (simple molecules, giant covalent structures, polymer structure) and metallic bonding (including alloys) theory and examples, physical properties of elements and compound explained. Associated Quizzes and worksheets.

• Notes on Energy changes-transfers in Chemical Reactions - Exothermic and endothermic energy changes, breaking/making bonds.

2. Electrolysis

• Extra notes on Electrochemistry - an introduction to electrolysis, theory, electrolysis cells, industrial electrolysis process links summary, experimental methods for electrolysis, electrode equations, simple cells/batteries, fuel cells etc.

• The Mining of Minerals and the Extraction of Metals - the extraction of aluminium and purification of copper.

3. Solids, Liquids and Gases

• States of Matter - particle theory - gas, liquid & solid - notes and diagrams on states, state changes, using the particle model to explain their properties. Associated Quizzes and worksheets. PVT calculations involving gas volume-pressure-temperature.

4. Elements, compounds and mixtures

• Elements, Compounds, Mixtures Notes - Much basic chemistry on this page e.g. definitions and examples of atoms, elements, compounds and mixtures, separation methods, physical & chemical changes and sections on 'how to understand and write chemical equations' and work out the formula of a compound. Quizzes and worksheets on element symbols, displayed formula, compound formulae and equations (keyword-phrase index at top of page).

5. Useful products from metal ores and rocks

• Types of Chemical Reactions - 40 different reactions-processes are described, use the top alphabetical index to find examples of the reaction type you seek, Email me if one is missing, always happy to add extra examples. Type of reaction quiz

• Extra Industrial Chemistry Notes - limestone and effect of heat on carbonates. Section at the end of the page on economic, sociological and environmental issues.

• Oil and useful products - cracking hydrocarbons.

• The Mining of Minerals and the Extraction of Metals - the extraction of aluminium, purification of copper, iron, sodium, method related to reactivity of metal and environmental issues. Associated Quizzes and worksheets.

• Extra notes on Electrochemistry - an introduction to electrolysis, theory, electrolysis cells, industrial electrolysis process links summary, experimental methods for electrolysis, electrode equations.

6. Acids, Bases and Salts

• Notes on Acids, Bases, Alkalis, pH, Neutralisation and Salts - includes theory, lots of formulae and word and balanced symbol equations, salt preparations and equations. Associated section 12. of Quizzes and worksheets.

• Water and Extra Aqueous Chemistry Notes - section on salt preparations.

• Chemical Identity Tests - Gives descriptions of lots of tests for gases and ions etc. and use the keyword alphabetical index near top of the page.

7. Chemical Change

• Types of Chemical Reactions - 40 different reactions-processes are described, use the top alphabetical index to find examples of the reaction type you seek, Email me if one is missing, always happy to add extra examples. Type of reaction quiz

• Extra Industrial Chemistry Notes - limestone and effect of heat on carbonates.

• Oil and useful products - sections on cracking hydrocarbons, combustion and pollution - use top keyword index.

• Notes on Energy changes-transfers in Chemical Reactions - Exothermic and endothermic energy changes, breaking/making bonds.

• Reversible reactions - Section 1 includes several thermal decompositions.

• Corrosion and  Redox Reaction Notes - The rusting of iron and preventing its corrosion, plus a detailed introduction to oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions.  The notes on each metal are listed in reactivity order. Associated Quizzes and worksheets.

8. Reactivity Series

• The Reactivity Series of Metals, Corrosion and  Redox Reaction Notes - The reactions of metals with oxygen, water and acids, displacement reactions, rusting of iron and preventing its corrosion, plus a detailed introduction to oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions.  The notes on each metal are listed in reactivity order. Associated Quizzes and worksheets.

9. Equations

• Elements, Compounds, Mixtures Notes - Much basic chemistry on this page e.g. definitions and examples of atoms, elements, compounds and mixtures, separation methods, physical & chemical changes and sections on 'how to understand and write chemical equations' and work out the formula of a compound. Quizzes and worksheets on element symbols, displayed formula, compound formulae and equations (keyword-phrase index at top of page).

10. Quantitative Chemistry

• Chemical Calculations Index of to sections 1. to 16. of explained examples and quizzes built into the notes. Section 1. Relative atomic mass and its calculation. Section 2. formula/molecular mass, Section 3. Conservation of mass and simple reacting mass calculations.  Section 5. empirical formula,  Section 3. & 6. Reacting mass and % & theoretical yield & atom economy,  Section 7. Introducing moles, reacting mole and mass ratios, Section 8. Empirical & molecular formula calculations using moles,  Section 9. moles and gas volumes, Section 10. Reacting gas volume ratios, Section 11. making up solutions, concentration & molarity, Section 12. acid-alkali titration - apparatus/analysis.

11. Rates of Reaction

• Factors affecting the rates-speeds of chemical reactions - the factors affecting reaction rates, experimental methods for obtaining data, graphs, energy change-reaction profiles and activation energies. Associated Quizzes and worksheets.

12. The Periodic Table

• Compiled tables of element data - on Groups 1,2,7,0 and Transition Metals.

• Summary of the Periodic Table - Explanation and overview of Groups, Periods, Series etc. with links to more detailed notes on the Group 1 Alkali Metals, Group 7 Halogens, Group 0 Noble Gases and Transition Metals. Section 3. Quizzes and worksheets based on the Periodic Table.

• Group 1 The Alkali Metals Notes - Tabulated element data for lithium, sodium and potassium etc., physical and chemical properties of the metals, group trends, reactions with water, oxygen and chlorine, theory of group reactivity trend, compound formulae, uses of metals and compounds. Section 4. Quizzes and worksheets on the Alkali Metals.

• Group 7 The Halogens Notes - data, physical properties and chemistry of elements chlorine, bromine, iodine and their compounds. Alphabetical keyword-phrase list at top of page. Section 8. Quizzes and worksheets on The Halogens.

• Group 0 Noble Gases Notes - data, properties, chemical inertness and uses.

13. Metals and their Compounds

• The Transition Metals, their Properties and Uses and mention of other metals - chemical and physical properties of them, uses of iron, copper, chromium etc., and a section on the uses and applications of other non-transition metals like aluminium. Associated Quizzes and worksheets. (see also Sections 4. and 5. Extra Industrial Chemistry and uses of sodium)

• The Reactivity Series of Metals, Corrosion and  Redox Reaction Notes - The reactions of metals with oxygen, water and acids, displacement reactions, rusting of iron and preventing its corrosion, plus a detailed introduction to oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions.  The notes on each metal are listed in reactivity order. Associated Quizzes and worksheets.

• Chemical Identity Tests - Gives descriptions of lots of tests for gases and ions etc. and use the keyword alphabetical index near top of the page. Chemical hazard warning symbols

• Notes on Acids, Bases, Alkalis, pH, Neutralisation and Salts - Section (4) reaction of oxides with acids, section (5) reactions of sodium hydroxide.

• Extra Industrial Chemistry Notes - limestone and effect of heat on carbonates.

14. Non-Metals and their Compounds

• Chemical Identity Tests - Gives descriptions of lots of tests for gases and ions etc. and use the keyword alphabetical index near top of the page.

• Material structure and Types of Chemical Bonding - graphite, diamond and Buckminster Fullerene.

• Oil and useful products - carbon and fuel full and incomplete combustion.

• Methods of preparing and collecting gases - hydrogen, chlorine, oxygen and carbon dioxide. Reactants and use of gas syringes, test tubes etc. to collect the gas and reference to some hazards etc.

• The Reactivity Series of Metals, Corrosion and  Redox Reaction Notes - The reactions of metals with oxygen and acids, the notes on each metal are listed in reactivity order.

• Extra Industrial Chemistry Notes - sulphur and sulphuric acid, uses.

• Notes on Acids, Bases, Alkalis, pH, Neutralisation and Salts - includes theory, lots of formulae and word and balanced symbol equations, salt preparations and equations, reactions of acids with metals, oxides, hydroxides  and carbonates.. Associated section 12. of Quizzes and worksheets.

• Ammonia synthesis, reversible reactions and chemical equilibrium notes - including reversible reactions, don't need to know about chemical equilibrium theory, reactions of ammonia, nitric acid manufacture, fertiliser ammonium salt preparation, problems with over-use or fertilisers. Associated Quizzes and worksheets.

• Group 7 The Halogens Notes - Emphasis on on chlorine and its compounds, data, physical properties and chemistry of elements chlorine, bromine, iodine and their compounds, electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride/brine and the uses of the products - chlorine, hydrogen and sodium hydroxide. Alphabetical keyword-phrase list at top of page. Section 8. Quizzes and worksheets on The Halogens.

• Group 0 Noble Gases Notes - data, properties, chemical inertness and uses.

15. Water

• Water and Extra Aqueous Chemistry Notes - water treatment, hard and soft water, solubility, use of water as a solvent, water of crystallisation, keywords defined, factors affecting rates of dissolving.

16. Organic Chemistry

• Oil and useful products - The hydrocarbons from oil and their uses e.g. alkanes, alkenes, fuels, polymers/plastics, fossil fuels and environmental problems etc. See also Alternative and Fossil Fuel Survey and Global warming discussion page. Associated Quizzes and worksheets.

• Extra Organic Chemistry Notes - Alkane & alkene homologous series 'families', alcohols like ethanol, other organic molecule families e.g. carboxylic acids, esters, polymers.  Use sub-index and keyword list at top of page. (See also basic Oil Product notes above.)

Unofficial support at Doc Brown's Chemistry Clinic for CCEA GCSE Science (the Chemistry of the Single Award) * CCEA GCSE Science (the Chemistry of the Double Award) * CCEA GCSE Chemistry (Separate Sciences Award) * Unofficial support at Doc Brown's Chemistry Clinic for CCEA GCSE Science (the Chemistry of the Single Award) * CCEA GCSE Science (the Chemistry of the Double Award) * CCEA GCSE Chemistry (Separate Sciences Award) * Unofficial support at Doc Brown's Chemistry Clinic for CCEA GCSE Science (the Chemistry of the Single Award) * CCEA GCSE Science (the Chemistry of the Double Award) * CCEA GCSE Chemistry (Separate Sciences Award)