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Doc Brown's Edexcel GCSE Science-Chemistry Revision Notes

EDEXCEL GCSE Additional Science GCSE Chemistry Unit C2 Discovering chemistry STUDY NOTES

Chemistry Unit C2 Topic 5 Chemical reactions Revision Notes

  • 5.1 Measure temperature changes accompanying some of the following types of change:
    • a) salts dissolving in water
    • b) neutralisation reactions
    • c) displacement reactions
    • d) precipitation reactions
  • 5.2 Define an exothermic change or reaction as one in which heat energy is given out, including combustion reactions or explosions.
  • 5.3 Define an endothermic change or reaction as one in which heat energy is taken in, including photosynthesis or dissolving ammonium nitrate in water.
  • 5.4 Be able to describe the breaking of bonds as endothermic and the making of bonds as exothermic.
  • 5.5 Be able to demonstrate an understanding that the overall heat energy change for a reaction is:
    • a) exothermic if more heat energy is released making bonds in the products than is required to break bonds in the reactants
    • b) endothermic if less heat energy is released making bonds in the products than is required to break bonds in the reactants
  • 5.6 HT only: Be able to draw and interpret simple graphical representations of energy changes occurring in chemical reactions (no knowledge of activation energy is required).
  • 5.7 Revise the investigation on the effect of temperature, concentration and surface area of a solid on the rate of a reaction such as hydrochloric acid and marble chips.
  • 5.8 Know that the rates of chemical reactions vary from very fast, explosive reactions to very slow reactions.
  • 5.9 Be able to describe the effect of changes in temperature, concentration and surface area of a solid on the rate of reaction.
  • 5.10 Be able to describe how reactions can occur when particles collide and (HT only) explain how rates of reaction are increased by increasing the frequency and/or energy of collisions.
  • 5.11 HT only: Be able to demonstrate an understanding that not all collisions lead to a reaction, especially if particles collide with low energy.
  • 5.12 Know the effect of a catalyst on the rate of reaction.
  • 5.13 Be able to demonstrate an understanding that catalytic converters in cars:
    • a) have a high surface area to increase the rate of reaction of carbon monoxide and unburnt fuel from exhaust gases with oxygen from the air to produce carbon dioxide and water
    • b) work best at high temperatures
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