ALL my KS3 SCIENCE Revision Quizzes (~US K12 grades 6,7,8)

GCSE-IGCSE-KS4 Science-CHEMISTRY notes & quizzes (~US K12 grades 9-10)

Advanced Level CHEMISTRY GCE AS A2 IB notes and quizzes (~US K12 grades 11-12)

All my GCSE-IGCSE Science-CHEMISTRY etc. syllabus help links

 All my Advanced Level Chemistry syllabus-specification help links

 Doc Brown's Chemistry Clinic

Salters AS Chemistry HO35

OCR Advanced Subsidiary GCE Chemistry (Salters)

1st draft of my unofficial support links for the NEW Salters GCE AS Advanced Subsidiary Chemistry Course starting September 2008

My unofficial support for this OCR GCE Salters Chemistry Advanced Subsidiary AS Chemistry syllabus-specification

Scroll down and each module, topic or unit is linked to potentially useful sections on this site

* A2 Salters Chemistry *

 READ CAREFULLY  PLEASE remember that despite the fact that my 'A level' chemistry notes are far from complete, and as yet, do not even cover all the basics, but I think there is enough to start an unofficial support page. By clicking on the text and [ORGANIC], [INORGANIC], [PHYSICAL-THEORETICAL] and [useful UK based GCSE/IGCSE revision notes] icon links you should find things to help on a particular topic.  The notes-quizzes are not just for your particular syllabus, but are designed to cover, eventually, any Chemistry in UK based advanced level pre-university chemistry specification so you need to pick out the bits which are useful for your syllabus.

 READ CAREFULLY  When you follow a link you will find some useful information on the web page about the topic you are researching. Sometimes the link goes straight to the relevant paragraph but otherwise use the sub-indexes of key words or headings at the top of each page. To return to this page you must click on the <== back on the browser link bar. All the syllabus-topic-unit titles below are taken from the official syllabuses which you can download from the appropriate site.

 READ CAREFULLY  My advanced level chemistry pre-university research-information-revision notes are ALL are being slowly revised and extended-updated to cover any 'A level' chemistry BUT I do not have time to deliver extended responses to email questions and please do NOT ask for past papers.

EMAIL query?comment

Summary of OCR GCE Salters Advanced Level Subsidiary Chemistry AS Units and Contents Links

for the NEW Salters GCE AS Advanced Subsidiary Level Chemistry Course starting September 2008

Unit F331 Chemistry of Life: EL Elements of Life * DF Developing Fuels

Unit F332 Chemistry of Natural Resources: ES Elements from the Sea * A The Atmosphere * PR Polymer Revolution

Unit F333 Chemistry in Practice

Some Open Book strategy advice and ideas

Unit F331 Chemistry of Life (Salters GCE AS Chemistry)

Teaching Module EL Elements of Life (Salters GCE AS Chemistry)

1. Group 1 The Alkali Metals Notes - Tabulated element data for lithium, sodium and potassium etc., physical and chemical properties of the metals, group trends, reactions with water, oxygen and chlorine, theory of group reactivity trend, compound formulae, uses of metals and compounds.

2. The Reactivity Series of Metals, Corrosion and  Redox Reaction Notes

3. Notes on Acids, Bases, Alkalis, pH, Neutralisation and Salts - includes theory, lots of formulae and word and balanced symbol equations, salt preparations and equations.

4. GCSE-AS Atomic Structure Notes including mass spectrometry of elements - the structure of atoms, isotopes, nuclear structure notation, 'simple' electronic structure and the Periodic Table and mass spectrometry for isotope analysis and calculation of relative atomic mass (A_r)

5. Radioactivity and Nuclear Power - The structure of atoms linked to the properties and uses of alpha, beta and gamma radiation, radioisotope dating, half-life and explanation of fission/fusion nuclear reactions etc. Sub-index and keywords at top of page. Radioactivity and nuclear processes m/c Quiz

6. Writing and balancing equations, valency and formulae and Equation balancing m/c Quiz

7. Chemical Calculations index - 1. to 16. sections of explanation-examples and multiple choice and type in answer quizzes links are built into the notes, designed up to higher GCSE and basic GCE-AS/IB calculations

8. section 1. Relative atomic mass (A_r) and isotopic mass

9. section 2. Relative formula mass and relative molecular mass (M_r)

10. section 3. Law of Conservation of Mass and simple reacting mass calculations

11. section 4. % composition by mass of a compound

12. section 5. Empirical formula from reacting masses

13. section 6. Reacting masses of reactants and products and actual percent % yield, theoretical yield and atom economy

14. section 7. Introducing moles - the connection of moles, mass and formula mass

15. section 8. Using moles to deduce empirical/molecular formula of a compound/molecule starting with reacting masses or % composition by mass

16. GCSE Summary notes of the Periodic Table - A basic introduction: Explanation and overview of Groups, Periods, Series etc. with links to more detailed notes on the Group 1 Alkali Metals, Group 7 Halogens, Group 0 Noble Gases and Transition Metals.

17. Periodic Table Advanced Inorganic Chemistry Notes Part 1 "Historical Introduction" and the full modern periodic table

18. Periodic Table Advanced Inorganic Chemistry Notes Part 2 "Electronic Structure and Ionisation Energies" - Electron arrangements - electron configurations and the Periodic Table - s, p, d and f blocks - ionization energy patterns, section on hydrogen spectrum and emission spectroscopy

19. Periodic Table Notes Part 11: Compiled tables of data on Groups 1-7,0 and 3d-block-Transition Metals

20. Data-periodicity graphs for elements Z = 1 to 20 Period 1, Period 2, Period 3 and start of Period 4

21. Periodic Table Advanced Inorganic Chemistry Notes Part 7 Group 1 Alkali Metals and Group 2 Alkaline Earth Metals - detailed revision notes

22. Group 1-2 data-group trend graphs

23. Multiple choice Quiz on Group 1 Alkali Metals and Group 2 Alkaline Earth Metals (easy start!)

24. Introduction to BONDING

25. Revision notes on the basics of Ionic BONDING

26. Revision notes on the basics of Covalent BONDING and small molecules and their properties

27. Revision notes on the basics of Metallic BONDING, properties and uses of metals

28. Revision notes on shapes and bond angles of simple molecules (VSEPR), ions, transition metal complexes and a section on shape and bond angles in organic molecules

29. QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS: Chemical Identity Tests - Gives descriptions of lots of tests for gases, ions - cations and anions, organic functional groups/homologous series etc. (keyword alphabetical index at top of page)

30. Multiple choice test on EL (covers many aspects eg Periodic Table ideas, Group 1 and 2 chemistry, some basic calculations and  Short answer test on EL (not developed, but has got a set of Q's on molecule shapes and bond angles)

Teaching Module DF Developing Fuels (Salters GCE AS Chemistry)

1. Extra GCSE Organic Chemistry Notes - Alkane & alkene homologous series 'families', alcohols like ethanol, other organic molecule families e.g. carboxylic acids, esters, polymers, natural molecules - carbohydrates, sugars, amino acids, proteins and cooking, natural fats & oils, hydrogenation of fats, soaps, Vitamin C, Drugs-analgesics, Food Additives and CFC's, Ozone layer and free radicals. Use sub-index and keyword list at top of page and can be read as a basic introductory view of what 'organic chemistry' is all about without the need for too many concepts!

2. GCSE notes on Oil and useful products - The hydrocarbons from oil and their uses e.g. fuels-combustion, simple addition reactions of alkenes and test for alkenes, polymers/uses of plastics, fossil fuels and environmental problems etc. See also Alternative and Fossil Fuel Survey and Global warming discussion page.

3. Revision notes on the structure & naming (nomenclature) of ALKANES (and cycloalkanes) notes, including nomenclature of isomers

4. Multiple choice Quiz on the structure and naming (nomenclature) of alkanes

5. Type in name Quiz on the structure & naming of ALKANES (and nomenclature of cycloalkanes)

6. Revision notes on the structure and naming (nomenclature) of aliphatic ALCOHOLS - classification into primary (prim), secondary (sec) and tertiary (tert) - notes include isomers and other related compounds which may not be needed

7. Multiple choice Quiz on the structure and naming (nomenclature) of aliphatic ALCOHOLS (includes ethers which may not be needed)

8. Type in name Quiz on the nomenclature of aliphatic ALCOHOLS (includes ethers which may not be needed)

9. Quiz on aspects "Development of Fuels"

10. Quiz on aspects of the Petrochemical Industry

11. A summary of homologous series, functional group names and structure in Organic Chemistry

12.  ISOMERISM in organic molecules - Revision notes - use index to look up specific types of isomerism e.g. structural isomerism

13. Basic notes of exothermic and endothermic reactions and calculation of enthalpy changes from 'simple' calorimetry experiments and resulting data

14. GCSE Multiple choice quiz on Energy Changes in Chemical Reactions

15. Enthalpy and Bond Energy Calculation Questions  (answers)

16. KINETICS - advanced rates of reactions revision notes: including temperature effect and activation energy, homogeneous catalysts and heterogeneous catalysts

Unit F332 Chemistry of Natural Resources (Salters GCE AS Chemistry)

Teaching Module ES Elements from the Sea (Salters GCE AS Chemistry)

1. Group 7 The Halogens - GCSE Notes - data, physical properties and chemistry of elements chlorine, bromine, iodine and their compounds, electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride/brine and the uses of the products - chlorine, hydrogen and sodium hydroxide. Alphabetical keyword-phrase list at top of page.

2. Revision notes on Inorganic redox reactions - Part 1 electronegativity, explaining oxidation and reduction reactions and oxidation state/oxidation number changes

3. Revision notes on Inorganic redox reactions - Part 2 analysing and constructing full redox equations from half-cell reactions

4. Redox analysis of the reaction of chlorine with sodium hydroxide (Redox Part 2, Example 5.14) and other examples involving halogen reactions: 5.2, 5.12, 6.2, 6.6,6.10, 6.11and 6.12 (there is an index for the redox reactions described.

5. Revision notes on the structure and naming of HALOGENOALKANES (haloalkanes notes parts 1-3), including nomenclature of many isomers

6. Multiple choice Quiz on the structure and naming (nomenclature) of HALOGENOALKANES (haloalkanes)

7. Type in name Quiz on the nomenclature of HALOGENOALKANES (haloalkanes)

8. section 2. Relative formula mass and relative molecular mass (M_r)

9. section 3. Law of Conservation of Mass and simple reacting mass calculations

10. section 4. % composition by mass of a compound

11. section 5. Empirical formula from reacting masses

12. section 6. Reacting masses of reactants and products and actual percent % yield, theoretical yield and atom economy

13. section 7. Introducing moles - the connection of moles, mass and formula mass

14. section 8. Using moles to deduce empirical/molecular formula of a compound/molecule starting with reacting masses or % composition by mass

15. section 9. moles and molar gas volume and Avogadro's Law

16. section 10. Reacting gas volume ratios, Avogadro's Law and Gay-Lussac's Law

17. section 11. Making up solutions - concentration & molarity

18. section 12. Volumetric acid-alkali titration easy calculations - apparatus/analysis

19. Structured Question worksheet including acid-base volumetric titration calculations (answers)

20. Revision notes on the basics of Ionic BONDING and an ionic lattice

21. Equilibria Part 8 Phase equilibria-vapour pressure, organic molecule examples - bond polarity, boiling point and intermolecular forces

22. GCSE Summary notes of the Periodic Table - A basic introduction: Explanation and overview of Groups, Periods, Series etc. with links to more detailed notes on the Group 1 Alkali Metals, Group 7 Halogens, Group 0 Noble Gases and Transition Metals.

23. Periodic Table Advanced Inorganic Chemistry Notes Part 1 "Historical Introduction" and the full modern periodic table

24. Periodic Table Advanced Inorganic Chemistry Notes Part 2 "Electronic Structure and Ionisation Energies" - Electron arrangements - electron configurations and the Periodic Table - s, p, d and f blocks - ionization energy patterns, section on hydrogen spectrum and emission spectroscopy

25. Writing and balancing equations, valency and formulae

26. Summary notes of Inorganic Chemical tests for anions, including tests for halides - silver halide salts formation (use keyword alphabetical index at top of page)

27.  MECHANISM Introduction and terms used in organic chemistry (on the mechanism pages the type of reaction, basic reaction equations and conditions are quoted which may act as a suitable reference, there is also a reaction index on each page)

28.  Mechanism: Halogenoalkanes (haloalkanes/alkyl halides) Nucleophilic substitution by water/hydroxide ion [S_N1 or S_N2, hydrolysis to alcohol] (introduction to, and example of, nucleophilic substitution in halogenoalkanes) (general equations and reaction conditions quoted too) and  extra notes on kinetics, rds, molecularity, activated complex etc.

29.  Mechanism: Halogenoalkanes (haloalkanes, alkyl halides) Nucleophilic substitution by cyanide ion to make a nitrile (general equations and reaction conditions quoted too)

30.  Mechanism: Halogenoalkanes (haloalkanes, alkyl halides) Nucleophilic substitution by ammonia or primary amine to make amines (general equations and reaction conditions quoted too)

31.  Mechanism: Alcohols - conversion to halogenoalkane (mechanism NOT needed but general equations and reaction conditions quoted too)

Teaching Module A The Atmosphere (Salters GCE AS Chemistry)

1. Revision notes on the basics of Covalent BONDING and small molecules and their properties

2. Revision notes on the basics of Covalent BONDING and giant structures and their properties and uses

3. GCSE Notes for the basics of rates of reactions - kinetics

4. KINETICS - advanced rates of reactions revision notes: temperature effect and activation energy, homogeneous catalysts and heterogeneous catalysts

5.  Starter GCSE Notes on reversible reactions, equilibrium, ammonia synthesis

6. Advanced Chemistry Equilibria Part 1. Dynamic molecular equilibrium and Le Chatelier's principle

7. Equilibria Part 3 equilibrium and industrial processes (can ignore the Kp/Kc equilibrium expressions and concentrate on the application of Le Chatelier's Principle)

8. Extra GCSE Organic Chemistry Notes - section 7. on CFC's, Ozone layer and free radicals

9.  MECHANISM Introduction and terms used in organic chemistry (on the mechanism pages the type of reaction, basic reaction equations and conditions are quoted which may act as a suitable reference, there is also a reaction index on each page)

10.  Mechanism of the free radical chlorination/bromination of alkanes to make halogenoalkanes

Teaching Module PR Polymer Revolution (Salters GCE AS Chemistry)

1. Equilibria Part 8 Phase equilibria-vapour pressure, organic molecule examples - bond polarity, boiling point and intermolecular forces

2. A summary of homologous series, functional group names and structure in Organic Chemistry

3. Revision notes on the structure & naming (nomenclature) of ALKENES (and cycloalkanes) notes, including nomenclature of isomers

4. Multiple choice Quiz on the Structure and naming (nomenclature) of ALKENES

5. Type in name Quiz on the nomenclature of ALKENES

6. Revision notes on the structure and naming (nomenclature) of aliphatic ALCOHOLS - classification into primary (prim), secondary (sec) and tertiary (tert) - notes include isomers and other related compounds which may not be needed

7.  MECHANISM Introduction and terms used in organic chemistry (on the mechanism pages the type of reaction, basic reaction equations and conditions are quoted which may act as a suitable reference, there is also a reaction index on each page)

8. GCSE notes on Oil and useful products - simple addition reactions of alkenes and test for alkenes, polymers/uses of plastics and environmental problems

9.  Mechanism of electrophilic addition of hydrogen bromide to alkenes to make bromoalkanes (introduction and example of electrophilic addition to alkenes) (exemplar balanced equations show product formation)

10.  Mechanism of electrophilic addition of bromine to alkenes with pure bromine to make dibromoalkanes (exemplar balanced equations show product formation)

11.  Mechanism of electrophilic addition of bromine to alkenes using bromine water to make bromo-alcohols (exemplar balanced equations show product formation)

12.  Organic Chemistry (2a) Geometrical Isomerism (use sub-index at top of page)

Unit F333 Chemistry in Practice (Salters GCE AS Chemistry)

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ALL my KS3 SCIENCE Revision Quizzes (~US K12 grades 6,7,8)

GCSE-IGCSE-KS4 Science-CHEMISTRY notes & quizzes (~US K12 grades 9-10)

Advanced Level CHEMISTRY GCE AS A2 IB notes and quizzes (~US K12 grades 11-12)

All my GCSE-IGCSE Science-CHEMISTRY etc. syllabus help links

 All my GCE-AS-A2-IB AQA, Edexcel, OCR etc. Advanced Level Chemistry syllabus-specification help links