Doc Brown's Chemistry

CCEA GCE A2 A Level CHEMISTRY 110

My unofficial support for this CCEA/CEA advanced A level A2 chemistry syllabus (NI, Northern Ireland). Scroll down and each module, topic or unit of the specification is linked to potentially useful sections on this site

CCEA AS Chemistry * CCEA GCSE Science-CHEMISTRY

 READ CAREFULLY  My 'A level' chemistry notes are far from complete BUT by clicking on the links for [ORGANIC], [INORGANIC], [PHYSICAL-THEORETICAL] and [useful UK based GCSE/IGCSE revision notes] you should find things to help on a particular topic.  By following a link you will find some useful information and use the sub-indexes of key words or headings at the top of each page. To return to this page click on the <== back on the browser link bar. All the syllabus-topic-unit titles are taken from the official syllabus. I do not have time to deliver extended responses to email questions and do NOT ask for past papers. * EMAIL query?comment

CCEA Advanced A Level A2 Units and Contents Links

Unit A2 1 Periodic Trends and Further Organic, Physical and Inorganic Chemistry

4.1 Lattice Enthalpy * 4.2 Enthalpy, Entropy and Free Energy  * 4.3 Kinetics

 4.4 Equilibrium (including principles from AS Unit 2.9) * 4.5 Acid-Base Equilibria

4.6 Isomerism (incorporates examples from Unit AS 2.2 etc.)

4.7 Aldehydes and Ketones * 4.8 Carboxylic Acids * 4.9 Esters, Fats and Oils

4.10 Periodic Trends * 4.11 Environmental chemistry (simple treatment only)

Unit A2 2 Analytical, Transition Metals, Electrochemistry and Further Organic Chemistry

5.1 Mass Spectrometry * 5.2 Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

5.3 Volumetric Analysis  * 5.4 Colorimetry * 5.5 Chromatography

Transition metals (from Ti to Cu, with specific reference to Cr and V)

5.6 General Properties *  5.7 Complexes * 5.8 Oxidation States

5.9 Catalytic behaviour * 5.10 Applications of transition metal complexes

5.11 Electrode Potentials * 5.12 Arenes * 5.13 Amines

5.14 Amides * 5.15 Amino Acids * 5.16 Polymer Chemistry

Unit A2 1 Periodic Trends and Further Organic, Physical and Inorganic Chemistry

4.1 Lattice Enthalpy * 4.2 Enthalpy, Entropy and Free Energy  * 4.3 Kinetics *  4.4 Equilibrium * 4.5 Acid-Base Equilibria * 4.6 Isomerism * 4.7 Aldehydes and Ketones * 4.8 Carboxylic Acids * 4.9 Esters, Fats and Oils * 4.10 Periodic Trends * 4.11 Environmental chemistry

4.1 Lattice Enthalpy

1. A Level Thermodynamics Part 2 ΔH Enthalpies of ion hydration, solution, atomisation, lattice energy, electron affinity and the Born-Haber cycle

4.2 Enthalpy, Entropy and Free Energy

1. Thermodynamics Part 1: Thermochemistry - Calorimetry experiments - Enthalpies of reaction,formation, combustion and bond dissociation are explained with exemplar calculations (from Unit 2.8)

2. Enthalpy and Bond Energy Calculation Questions  (answers)

3. Thermodynamics Part 3 ΔS Entropy and ΔG Free Energy Changes

4.3 Kinetics

1. KINETICS - advanced rates of reactions revision notes: temperature effect and activation energy, homogeneous catalysts and heterogeneous catalysts, obtaining data, rate expressions and orders of reaction, deducing orders of reaction See also computer simulation of Maxwell-Boltzman distribution of kinetic energies

2. KINETICS - advanced rates of reactions revision notes: Selected case studies of kinetics and rate expressions and calculations, deriving the activation energy E_a from kinetics-rates data and Kinetic versus thermodynamic

 4.4 Equilibrium (including principles from AS 2.9)

1. Equilibria Part 1. Dynamic molecular equilibrium and Le Chatelier's principle

2. Equilibria Part 2 K_c and K_p equilibrium expressions and calculations

3. Equilibria Part 4 includes Partition and solvent extraction

4.5 Acid-Base Equilibria

1. Equilibria Part 5 pH, weak-strong acid-base theory (Lewis and Bronsted-Lowry) and K_a, k_b and K_w equilibrium calculations more advanced notes

2. Equilibria Part 6 Salt hydrolysis, Acid-base titrations-indicators, pH curves and buffers

4.6 Isomerism (incorporates examples from Unit AS 2.2)

1.  Organic Chemistry ISOMERISM general definition and links to types of isomerism notes (use sub-index at top of page)

2.  Organic Chemistry (1) STRUCTURAL ISOMERISM general definition (use sub-index at top of page)

3.  Organic Chemistry (2) STEREOISOMERISM general definition (use sub-index at top of page)

4.  Organic Chemistry (2b) Optical Isomerism (R/S isomerism) (use sub-index at top of page)

5. Spotting optical isomers Q (hand written!) (answers)

4.7 Aldehydes and Ketones

1. Revision notes on the Structure and Naming of Carbonyl Compounds Aldehydes and Ketones

2. Multiple choice on the structure and naming (nomenclature) of Aldehydes and Ketones

3. Type in name Quiz on the nomenclature of Aldehydes and Ketones

4. Equilibria Part 8 has a section on intermolecular forces - bond polarity, boiling point using organic molecules as examples

5.  Mechanism: Carbonyl compounds - aldehydes/ketones nucleophilic addition of hydrogen cyanide to give a hydroxynitrile (includes reagents, reaction conditions and exemplar balanced equations showing product formation)

6.  Mechanism: Carbonyl compounds - aldehydes/ketones addition of hydrogen - reduction with LiAlH₄ or NaBH₄ to give an alcohol (includes reagents, reaction conditions and exemplar balanced equations showing product formation) MECHANISM NOT NEEDED

7. Qualitative Analysis: Tests for organic functional groups notes (use alphabetical index for homologous series, reagents etc.) (alphabetical keyword index at top of page)

4.8 Carboxylic Acids

1. Revision notes on the structure and naming of CARBOXYLIC ACIDS and DERIVATIVES, including nomenclature of isomers

2. Multiple choice Quiz on the Structure and naming of CARBOXYLIC ACIDS & DERIVATIVES

3. Type in name Quiz on the nomenclature of CARBOXYLIC ACIDS & DERIVATIVES

4. Ex. 4. Matching pair Quiz on aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acid and ester structure

5. Ex. 5 Matching pair quiz on organic molecular structure (combination of Ex. 1., 2. and 4.)

6. Organic synthesis redox reactions - including oxidation of alcohols (use top summary table index)

7. Organic synthesis redox reactions - including oxidation of alcohols/aldehydes (section 9.)

4.9 Esters, Fats and Oils

1. Extra GCSE Organic Chemistry Notes includes an introduction to alcohols like ethanol, other organic molecule families e.g. carboxylic acids, esters, polymers, natural molecules - saturated/unsaturated fats - natural fats & oils, hydrogenation of fats Use sub-index and keyword list at top of page and can be read as a basic introductory view of what 'organic chemistry' is all about without the need for

4.10 Periodic Trends

1. Periodic Table Advanced Inorganic Chemistry Notes Part 4 "Survey of Period 2 Elements and Trends" (3 linked pages)

2. Periodic Table Advanced Inorganic Chemistry Notes Part 5 "Survey of Period 3 Elements and Trends" (3 linked pages)

3. Periodicity graphs for elements Z = 1 to 20 Period 1 to start of Period 4

4.  Periodicity graph for elements Z = 1 to 38 Period 1 to start of Period 5

5.  Periodicity graph for elements Z = 1 to 96 Period 1 to start of Period 7

4.11 Environmental chemistry (simple treatment only)

1. Oil Products - environmental problems Three Parts on this page - Sub-index of keyword links at top of page. See also Alternative and Fossil Fuel Survey and Global warming discussion page

2. Ammonium salts, fertiliser - problems with over-use or fertilisers Section 5.

Unit A2 2 Analytical, Transition Metals, Electrochemistry and Further Organic Chemistry

5.6 General Properties *  5.7 Complexes * 5.8 Oxidation States * 5.9 Catalytic behaviour * 5.10 Applications of transition metal complexes * 5.11 Electrode Potentials * 5.12 Arenes * 5.13 Amines * 5.14 Amides * 5.15 Amino Acids * 5.16 Polymer Chemistry

5.1 Mass Spectrometry

1. GCSE Mass spectrometry of elements - basic ideas and measurement of molecular mass

5.2 Nuclear magnetic resonance

1. Simple NMR problem solving with % composition and infra-red absorption data

5.3 Volumetric Analysis

1. Structured Question worksheet on Acid-Base, silver nitrate for chloride and EDTA volumetric titration calculations (answers)

2. Structured Question worksheet on Redox Volumetric Titration Calculation Questions (answers and working)

3. Experimental question style - redox titration (ans) based on Q1 of above

5.4 Colorimetry

1. Part 10c Transition Metals: Appendix 9.  Colorimetry - quantitative analysis and determining the formula of a complex ion

5.5 Chromatography

1. Methods of separating mixtures including chromatography - use index at top (basic revision notes)

2. Extra GCSE Industrial Chemistry Notes - section on chemical analysis e.g. glc gas-liquid chromatography (keyword alphabetical index near top of the page)

Transition metals (from Ti to Cu, with specific reference to Cr and V)

5.6 General Properties of transition metals

1. Inorganic Chemistry Notes Part 10 "3d block Transition Metals Series Introduction and Elements Sc to Zn on Period 4 - includes detailed revision notes on vanadium and chromium 10.5 Vanadium * 10.6 Chromium

 5.7 Complexes of transition metals

1. Part 10 Appendix 2 on Transition Metals: Complexes & ligands - the basics Sub-index at top of page.

5.8 Oxidation states of transition metals

1. Comparison of 3d-block formulae and oxidation states

5.9 Catalytic behaviour of transition metals and their compounds

1. Catalysis - examples and theory

5.10 Applications of transition metal complexes

1. e.g. 10.8 Iron - haemoglobin, 10.11 Other Transition Metals e.g. Ag and Pt - cis-platin

5.11 Electrode Potentials

1. Equilibrium Part 7 Redox equilibria, half-cell electrode potentials, predicting feasibility of a reaction (use top index)

5.12 Arenes

1. Notes on the Structure and Naming of Aromatic Compounds, including nomenclature of isomers

2. Type in name Quiz on the nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds

3. Ex. 1. Matching pair Quiz on hydrocarbon structure

4. Enthalpies of hydrogenation as evidence for benzene ring structure in section 1.4d

5.  MECHANISMS AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS - introduction to arene electrophilic substitution mechanisms links to various reactions including equation and reaction conditions

6.  Mechanism: Aromatic hydrocarbons - arene introduction to electrophilic substitution and nitration to form nitro-aromatic compounds

7.  Mechanism: Aromatic hydrocarbons - arene electrophilic substitution chlorination to give halogenoarenes 

5.13 Amines

1. Revision notes on the Structure, Classification and Naming of Organic Nitrogen Compounds, including nomenclature of isomers

2. Multiple choice quiz on the Classification, Structure and Naming (nomenclature) of Organic Compounds containing Nitrogen

3. Type in name Quiz on the nomenclature of Organic Compounds containing Nitrogen

4. Reduction of nitro-aromatic compounds to aromatic amines for dyestuffs industry in section 8.5

5.14 Amides

1. Notes on the Structure and Naming of Aromatic Compounds, including nomenclature of isomers

5.15 Amino Acids

1.  Amino acids-proteins-polypeptides-enzymes

2. Extra GCSE Industrial Chemistry Notes - Enzymes

5.16 Polymer Chemistry

1. Extra GCSE Organic Chemistry Notes - An introduction to polymer structure addition and condensation polymers

2. GCSE notes on Oil polymers of alkenes to make plastics - environmental problems