Doc Brown's Chemistry  AQA GCE AS level CHEMISTRY 2420

AQA GCE AS advanced subsidiary chemistry course

My unofficial support for this AQA AS Chemistry - Scroll down and each module, topic or unit of the specification is linked to potentially useful sections on this site.

AQA A2 Chemistry * AQA GCSE Science-CHEMISTRY * PAST PAPERS

 READ CAREFULLY  My 'A level' chemistry notes are far from complete BUT by clicking on the links for [ORGANIC], [INORGANIC], [PHYSICAL-THEORETICAL] and [useful UK based GCSE/IGCSE revision notes] you should find things to help on a particular topic.  By following a link you will find some useful information and use the sub-indexes of key words or headings at the top of each page. To return to this page click on the <== back on the browser link bar. All the syllabus-topic-unit titles are taken from the official syllabus. I do not have time to deliver extended responses to email questions BUT I have provided a convenient list to PAST PAPERS and mark schemes. * EMAIL query?comment

AQA GCE Advanced Subsidiary AS Chemistry

Summary of AQA GCE Advanced  Subsidiary Chemistry AS Units and Contents Links

Unit 1 CHEM1 Foundation Chemistry (on-site links for Chem 1)

1.1 Atomic Structure * 1.2 Amount of Substance * 1.3 Bonding

1.4 Periodicity * 1.5 Introduction to Organic Chemistry * 1.6 Alkanes

Unit 2 CHEM2 Chemistry in Action (on-site links for Chem 2)

2.1 Energetics * 2.2 Kinetics * 2.3 Equilibria * 2.4 Redox Reactions

2.5 Group 7(17) The Halogens * 2.6 Group 2 The Alkaline Earth Metals

2.7 The Extraction of Metals * 2.8 Haloalkanes * 2.9 Alkenes * 2.10 Alcohols

2.11 Analytical Techniques

Unit 3 INVESTIGATIVE and PRACTICAL SKILLS in AS CHEMISTRY (on-site links for Unit 3)

AQA GCE Advanced Subsidiary AS Level Chemistry

Unit 1 CHEM1 FOUNDATION CHEMISTRY (GCE AQA AS Chemistry)

1.1 Atomic Structure * 1.2 Amount of Substance * 1.3 Bonding * 1.4 Periodicity * 1.5 Introduction to Organic Chemistry * 1.6 Alkanes

Syllabus-Specification reference 1.1 Atomic structure (GCE AQA AS Chemistry)

1. GCSE Atomic Structure Notes including mass spectrometry of elements - the structure of atoms, isotopes, nuclear structure notation, 'simple' electronic structure and the Periodic Table and mass spectrometry for isotope analysis and calculation of relative atomic mass (A_r)

2. GCSE multiple choice quiz on  Atomic structure, isotopes & 'simple' electronic structure of atoms

3. Periodic Table Advanced Inorganic Chemistry Notes Part 2 Electronic Structure and Ionisation Energies - Electron arrangements - electron configurations - ionization energy patterns

Syllabus-Specification reference 1.2 Amount of substance (GCE AQA AS Chemistry)

1. Chemical Calculations index - 1. to 16. sections of explanation-examples and multiple choice and type in answer quizzes links are built into the notes, designed up to higher GCSE and basic GCE-AS/IB calculations

2. section 1. Relative atomic mass (A_r) and isotopic mass

3. section 2. Relative formula mass and relative molecular mass (M_r)

4. section 3. Law of Conservation of Mass and simple reacting mass calculations

5. section 4. % composition by mass of a compound

6. section 5. Empirical formula from reacting masses

7. section 6. Reacting masses of reactants and products and actual percent % yield, theoretical yield and atom economy

8. section 7. Introducing moles - the connection of moles, mass and formula mass

9. section 8. Using moles to deduce empirical/molecular formula of a compound/molecule starting with reacting masses or % composition by mass

10. section 9. moles and molar gas volume and Avogadro's Law

11. section 10. Reacting gas volume ratios, Avogadro's Law and Gay-Lussac's Law

12. section 11. Making up solutions - concentration & molarity

13. section 12. Volumetric acid-alkali titration easy calculations - apparatus/analysis

14. Structured Question worksheet including acid-base volumetric titration calculations (answers)

15. section 14. % actual and theoretical yield, dilution calculations, atom economy, volumetric titration apparatus, water of crystallisation, how much reactant is needed?

16. section 16. Gas calculations involving PVT relationships, PV = nRT and determining molecular mass of a volatile liquid

17. Structured Question worksheet on Acid-Base, silver nitrate for chloride and EDTA volumetric titration calculations (answers)

18. How to understand and write chemical equations including ionic equations and work out molecular and ionic formulae from valencies or ion charges

Syllabus-Specification reference 1.3 Bonding (GCE AQA AS Chemistry)

1. Introduction to BONDING

2. Revision notes on the basics of Ionic BONDING

3. Revision notes on the basics of Covalent BONDING and small molecules

4. Revision notes on the basics of Covalent BONDING and giant structures

5. Revision notes on the basics of Metallic BONDING

6. Revision notes on shapes and bond angles of simple molecules (VSEPR theory), ions, transition metal complexes and a section on bond angles in organic molecules

7. States of Matter: gas-liquid-solid revision notes

8.  States of Matter Part II More advanced topics on the Ideal Gas Laws, p-V-T and PV=nRT calculations, kinetic particle model-theory and ideal and non-ideal real gas behaviour (compressibility factors and Van der Waals equation)

9.   Equilibria Part 8 bond polarity, boiling point and intermolecular forces

Syllabus-Specification reference 1.4 Periodicity (GCE AQA AS Chemistry)

1. GCSE Summary notes of the Periodic Table - A basic introduction: Explanation and overview of Groups, Periods, Series etc. with links to more detailed notes on the Group 1 Alkali Metals, Group 7 Halogens, Group 0 Noble Gases and Transition Metals.

2. Periodic Table Advanced Inorganic Chemistry Notes Part 5 "Survey of Period 3 Elements and Trends" (3 linked pages)

3. Periodic Table Advanced Inorganic Chemistry Notes Part 1 "Historical Introduction" and the full modern periodic table

4. Periodic Table Notes Part 11: Compiled tables of data on Groups 1,2,7,0 and 3d-block-Transition Metals

5. Data-periodicity graphs for elements Z = 1 to 20 Period 1, Period 2, Period 3 and start of Period 4

6.  periodicity graph for elements Z = 1 to 38 Period 1, Period 2, Period 3, Period 4 and start of Period 5

7.  periodicity graph for elements Z = 1 to 96 Period 1, Period 2, Period 3, Period 4, Period 5, Period 6 and start of Period 7

Syllabus reference 1.5 Introduction to Organic Chemistry (GCE AQA AS Chemistry)

1. Extra GCSE Organic Chemistry Notes - Alkane & alkene homologous series 'families', alcohols like ethanol, other organic molecule families e.g. carboxylic acids, esters, polymers, natural molecules - carbohydrates, sugars, amino acids, proteins and cooking, natural fats & oils, hydrogenation of fats, soaps, Vitamin C, Drugs-analgesics, Food Additives and CFC's, Ozone layer and free radicals. Use sub-index and keyword list at top of page and can be read as a basic introductory view of what 'organic chemistry' is all about without the need for too many concepts!

2. section 8. Using moles to deduce empirical/molecular formula of a compound/molecule starting with reacting masses or % composition by mass

3.  Organic Chemistry Revision Notes - look for links to nomenclature

4. A summary of homologous series, functional group names and structure in Organic Chemistry Look for the links to nomenclature pages

5.  ISOMERISM in organic molecules - Revision notes - use index to look up specific types of isomerism e.g. structural isomerism

Syllabus-Specification reference 1.6 Alkanes (GCE AQA AS Chemistry)

1. Revision notes on the structure & naming (nomenclature) of ALKANES (and cycloalkanes) notes, including nomenclature of isomers

2. Multiple choice Quiz on the structure and naming (nomenclature) of alkanes

3. Type in name Quiz on the structure & naming of ALKANES (and nomenclature of cycloalkanes)

4.  ISOMERISM in organic molecules - Revision notes - use index to look up specific types of isomerism

5. GCSE notes on Oil and useful products - The hydrocarbons from oil and their uses e.g. fuels-combustion, polymers/plastics, fossil fuels and environmental problems etc. See also Alternative and Fossil Fuel Survey and Global warming discussion page.

6. General Test on "Development of Fuels"

7. Quiz on the Petrochemical Industry

8. Matching pair Quiz on hydrocarbon structure

9.  Thermal cracking of alkanes (mechanism NOT needed, but exemplar equations show product formation)

10. Gas Preparation Ex 10 Laboratory paraffin cracking experiment

AQA GCE Advanced Subsidiary AS Level Chemistry

Unit 2 CHEM2 CHEMISTRY IN ACTION (GCE AQA AS Chemistry)

2.1 Energetics * 2.2 Kinetics * 2.3 Equilibria * 2.4 Redox Reactions * 2.5 Group 7(17) The Halogens * 2.6 Group 2 The Alkaline Earth Metals * 2.7 The Extraction of Metals * 2.8 Haloalkanes * 2.9 Alkenes * 2.10 Alcohols * 2.11 Analytical Techniques

Syllabus-Specification reference 2.1 Energetics (GCE AQA AS Chemistry)

1. Basic notes of exothermic and endothermic reactions and calculation of enthalpy changes from 'simple' calorimetry experiments and resulting data

2. GCSE Multiple choice revision quiz on Energy Changes in Chemical Reactions

3. Thermodynamics Part 1: Thermochemistry - Calorimetry experiments - Enthalpies of reaction,formation, combustion and bond dissociation are explained with exemplar calculations

4. Enthalpy and Bond Energy Calculation Questions  (answers)

Syllabus reference-Specification 2.2 Kinetics (GCE AQA AS Chemistry)

1. Notes for the basics of rates of reactions

2. KINETICS - advanced rates of reactions revision notes: temperature effect and activation energy

Syllabus reference-Specification 2.3 Equilibria (GCE AQA AS Chemistry)

1.  Starter GCSE Notes-reversible reactions-equilibrium

2. Advanced Chemistry Equilibria Part 1. Dynamic molecular equilibrium and Le Chatelier's principle

3. Equilibria Part 3 equilibrium and industrial processes (can ignore the Kp/Kc equilibrium expressions and concentrate on the application of Le Chatelier's Principle)

Syllabus-Specification reference 2.4 Redox reactions (GCE AQA AS Chemistry)

1. Revision notes on Inorganic redox reactions - Part 1 electronegativity, explaining oxidation and reduction reactions and oxidation state/oxidation number

2. Revision notes on Inorganic redox reactions - Part 2 analysing and constructing full redox equations from half-cell reactions

Syllabus reference-Specification 2.5 Group 7/17 (VII), The Halogens (GCE AQA AS Chemistry)

1. Part 9 Group 7/17 The Halogens 9.1 Introduction, trends & Group 7/17 data * 9.2 Halogen displacement reaction and reactivity trend  * 9.3 Reactions of halogens with other elements * 9.4 Reaction between halide salts and conc. sulfuric acid * 9.5 Tests for halogens and halide ions * 9.6 Extraction of halogens from natural sources * 9.7 Uses of halogens & compounds * 9.8 Oxidation & Reduction - more on redox reactions of halogens & halide ions * 9.9 Volumetric analysis - titrations involving halogens or halide ions * 9.10 Ozone, CFC's and halogen organic chemistry links * 9.11 Chemical bonding in halogen compounds * 9.12 Miscellaneous aspects of halogen chemistry

Syllabus reference 2.6 Group 2 (II), The Alkaline Earth Metals (GCE AQA AS Chemistry)

1. Periodic Table Advanced Inorganic Chemistry Notes Part 7 Group 1 Alkali Metals and Group 2 Alkaline Earth Metals - detailed revision notes

2. Multiple choice Quiz on Group 1 Alkali Metals and Group 2 Alkaline Earth Metals (easy start!)

Syllabus-Specification reference 2.7 The Extraction of Metals (GCE AQA AS Chemistry)

1. GCSE notes on Mining of Minerals and the Extraction of Metals - the extraction of aluminium, chromium, copper (and purification), iron, sodium, titanium and zinc, method details and equations, and method related to reactivity of metal and environmental issues.

2. Extra Industrial Chemistry Notes - section on titanium

3. Part 10 3d-block Transition Metals (use sub-index near top of page)

Syllabus-Specification reference 2.8 Haloalkanes (Halogenoalkanes) (GCE AQA AS Chemistry)

1. Revision notes on the structure and naming of HALOGENOALKANES (notes parts 1-3), including nomenclature of many isomers

2. Multiple choice Quiz on the structure and naming (nomenclature) of HALOGENOALKANES (haloalkanes)

3. Type in name Quiz on the nomenclature of HALOGENOALKANES (haloalkanes)

4.  Mechanism of the free radical chlorination/bromination of alkanes

5. Extra GCSE Organic Chemistry Notes - section 7. on CFC's, Ozone layer and free radicals

6.  Mechanism: Halogenoalkanes (haloalkanes/alkyl halides) Nucleophilic substitution by water/hydroxide ion - hydrolysis to alcohol] (general equations and reaction conditions quoted too)

7.  Mechanism: Halogenoalkanes (haloalkanes, alkyl halides) Nucleophilic substitution by cyanide ion (general equations and reaction conditions quoted too)

8.  Mechanism: Halogenoalkanes (haloalkanes, alkyl halides) Nucleophilic substitution by ammonia (general equations and reaction conditions quoted too)

Syllabus-Specification reference 2.9 Alkenes (GCE AQA AS Chemistry)

1. Revision notes on the structure & naming (nomenclature) of ALKENES (and cycloalkanes) notes, including nomenclature of isomers

2. Multiple choice Quiz on the Structure and naming (nomenclature) of ALKENES

3. Type in name Quiz on the nomenclature of ALKENES

4.  Organic Chemistry (2a) Geometrical Isomerism (cis/trans E/Z use sub-index at top of page)

5. GCSE notes on Oil and useful products - includes simple addition reactions of alkenes and test for alkenes, polymers/uses of plastics

6. Extra GCSE Organic Chemistry Notes - production of ethanol Use sub-index and keyword list at top of page.

7.  Mechanism of electrophilic addition of hydrogen bromide to alkenes

8.  Mechanism of electrophilic addition of bromine to alkenes with pure bromine or in non-polar solvent (non-aqueous Br_2(l/solvent))

9.  Mechanism of electrophilic addition of bromine to alkenes using bromine water [aqueous Br_2(aq)]

10.  Mechanism of electrophilic addition of sulphuric acid to alkenes

11.  Mechanism of electrophilic addition of water to alkenes [acid catalyst]

Syllabus-Specification reference 2.10 Alcohols (GCE AQA AS Chemistry)

1. Revision notes on the structure and naming (nomenclature) of aliphatic ALCOHOLS - classification into primary (prim), secondary (sec) and tertiary (tert) - notes include isomers and other related compounds which may not be needed

2. Multiple choice Quiz on the structure and naming (nomenclature) of aliphatic ALCOHOLS (includes ethers, NOT needed)

3. Type in name Quiz on the nomenclature of aliphatic ALCOHOLS (includes ethers, NOT needed)

4. Extra GCSE Organic Chemistry Notes - production of ethanol Use sub-index and keyword list at top of page.

5. Tests for organic functional groups notes (use alphabetical index) includes alcohols, aldehydes and ketones (keyword alphabetical index at top of page)

6. Organic synthesis redox reactions - including oxidation of alcohols

7.  Mechanism: Alcohols - elimination of water to make an alkene [acid catalysed dehydration] (Mechanism is not required, but general equation and reaction reagent/conditions are quoted)

Syllabus-Specification reference 2.11 Analytical Techniques (GCE AQA AS Chemistry)

1. -

AQA GCE Advanced Subsidiary AS Level Chemistry

Unit 3 INVESTIGATIVE and PRACTICAL SKILLS in AS CHEMISTRY

Practical Skills Assessment

AS Inorganic Chemistry: (GCE AQA AS Chemistry)

1. section 11. Making up solutions - concentration & molarity

2. section 12. Volumetric acid-alkali titration easy calculations - apparatus/analysis

3. Structured Question worksheet including acid-base volumetric titration calculations (answers)

4. QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS: Chemical Identity Tests - anions (keyword alphabetical index at top of page)

AS Physical Chemistry: (GCE AQA AS Chemistry)

1. Basic notes of exothermic and endothermic reactions and calculation of enthalpy changes from 'simple' calorimetry experiments and resulting data

2. section 16. Gas calculations involving PVT relationships, PV = nRT and determining molecular mass of a volatile liquid

3. GCSE Notes on the basics of rates of reactions-kinetics

AS Organic Chemistry: (GCE AQA AS Chemistry)

1. Organic synthesis redox reactions - including oxidation of alcohols and preparation of ethanal (diagram of apparatus and description of method)

2. Qualitative Analysis: Tests for organic functional groups notes (use alphabetical index for homologous series, reagents etc.) (alphabetical keyword index at top of page)

3. Basic notes of exothermic and endothermic reactions and calculation of enthalpy changes from 'simple' calorimetry experiments and resulting data

• PAST EXAMINATION PAPERS from the OLD course for AQA A LEVEL CHEMISTRY

• The list includes papers from AS and A2 examinations

• ALL PAST PAPERS are pdf files - need Adobe Acrobat Reader ALL links are from the official AQA

• AQA old syllabus links on AQA website

• -

• January 2009

• January 2009 Unit 1 Atomic Structure, Bonding and Periodicity - Question Paper

• January 2009 Unit 1 Atomic Structure, Bonding and Periodicity - Mark Scheme

• January 2009 Unit 2 Foundation Physical and Inorganic Chemistry - Question Paper

• January 2009 Unit 2 Foundation Physical and Inorganic Chemistry - Mark Scheme

• January 2009 Unit 3 Introduction to Organic Chemistry - Question Paper

• January 2009 Unit 3 Introduction to Organic Chemistry - Mark Scheme

• January 2009 Unit 4 Further Physical and Organic Chemistry - Question Paper

• January 2009 Unit 4 Further Physical and Organic Chemistry - Mark Scheme

• -

• June 2008

• June 2008 Unit 1 Atomic Structure, Bonding and Periodicity - Question Paper

• June 2008 Unit 1 Atomic Structure, Bonding and Periodicity - Mark Scheme

• June 2008 Unit 2 Foundation Physical and Inorganic Chemistry - Question Paper

• June 2008 Unit 2 Foundation Physical and Inorganic Chemistry - Mark Scheme

• June 2008 Unit 3 Introduction to Organic Chemistry - Question Paper

• June 2008 Unit 3 Introduction to Organic Chemistry - Mark Scheme

• June 2008 Unit 3 Practical - Question Paper

• June 2008 Unit 3 Practical - Mark Scheme

• June 2008 Unit 4 Further Physical and Organic Chemistry - Question Paper

• June 2008 Unit 4 Further Physical and Organic Chemistry - Mark Scheme

• June 2008 Unit 5 Thermodynamics and Further Inorganic Chemistry - Question Paper

• June 2008 Unit 5 Thermodynamics and Further Inorganic Chemistry - Mark Scheme

• June 2008 Unit 6 Synoptic Objective Questions - Question Paper

• June 2008 Unit 6 Synoptic Objective Questions - Mark Scheme

• June 2008 Unit 6 Practical - Question Paper

• June 2008 Unit 6 Practical - Mark Scheme

• -

• January 2008

• January 2008 Unit 1 Atomic Structure, Bonding and Periodicity - Question Paper

• January 2008 Unit 1 Atomic Structure, Bonding and Periodicity - Mark Scheme

• January 2008 Unit 2 Foundation Physical and Inorganic Chemistry - Question Paper

• January 2008 Unit 2 Foundation Physical and Inorganic Chemistry - Mark Scheme

• January 2008 Unit 3 Introduction to Organic Chemistry - Question Paper

• January 2008 Unit 3 Introduction to Organic Chemistry - Mark Scheme

• January 2008 Unit 4 Further Physical and Organic Chemistry - Question Paper

• January 2008 Unit 4 Further Physical and Organic Chemistry - Mark Scheme

• -

• June 2007

• June 2007 Unit 1 Atomic Structure, Bonding and Periodicity - Question Paper

• June 2007 Unit 1 Atomic Structure, Bonding and Periodicity - Mark Scheme

• June 2007 Unit 2 Foundation Physical and Inorganic Chemistry - Question Paper

• June 2007 Unit 2 Foundation Physical and Inorganic Chemistry - Mark Scheme

• June 2007 Unit 3 Introduction to Organic Chemistry - Question Paper

• June 2007 Unit 3 Introduction to Organic Chemistry - Mark Scheme

• June 2007 Unit 3 Practical - Question Paper

• June 2007 Unit 3 Practical - Mark Scheme

• June 2007 Unit 4 Further Physical and Organic Chemistry - Question Paper

• June 2007 Unit 4 Further Physical and Organic Chemistry - Mark Scheme

• June 2007 Unit 5 Thermodynamics and Further Inorganic Chemistry - Question Paper

• June 2007 Unit 5 Thermodynamics and Further Inorganic Chemistry - Mark Scheme

• June 2007 Unit 6 Synoptic Objective Questions - Question Paper

• June 2007 Unit 6 Synoptic Objective Questions - Mark Scheme

• June 2007 Unit 6 Practical - Question Paper

• June 2007 Unit 6 Practical - Mark Scheme

• -

• January 2007

• January 2007 Unit 1 Atomic Structure, Bonding and Periodicity - Question Paper

• January 2007 Unit 1 Atomic Structure, Bonding and Periodicity - Mark Scheme

• January 2007 Unit 2 Foundation Physical and Inorganic Chemistry - Question Paper

• January 2007 Unit 2 Foundation Physical and Inorganic Chemistry - Mark Scheme

• January 2007 Unit 3 Introduction to Organic Chemistry - Question Paper

• January 2007 Unit 3 Introduction to Organic Chemistry - Mark Scheme

• January 2007 Unit 4 Further Physical and Organic Chemistry - Question Paper

• January 2007 Unit 4 Further Physical and Organic Chemistry - Mark Scheme

• -

• June 2006

• June 2006 Unit 1 Atomic Structure, Bonding and Periodicity - Question Paper

• June 2006 Unit 1 Atomic Structure, Bonding and Periodicity - Mark Scheme

• June 2006 Unit 2 Foundation Physical and Inorganic Chemistry - Question Paper

• June 2006 Unit 2 Foundation Physical and Inorganic Chemistry - Mark Scheme

• June 2006 Unit 3 Introduction to Organic Chemistry - Question Paper

• June 2006 Unit 3 Introduction to Organic Chemistry - Mark Scheme

• June 2006 Unit 3 Practical - Question Paper

• June 2006 Unit 3 Practical - Mark Scheme

• June 2006 Unit 4 Further Physical and Organic Chemistry - Question Paper

• June 2006 Unit 4 Further Physical and Organic Chemistry - Mark Scheme

• June 2006 Unit 5 Thermodynamics and Further Inorganic Chemistry - Question Paper

• June 2006 Unit 5 Thermodynamics and Further Inorganic Chemistry - Mark Scheme

• June 2006 Unit 6 Synoptic Objective Questions - Question Paper

• June 2006 Unit 6 Synoptic Objective Questions - Mark Scheme

• June 2006 Unit 6 Practical - Question Paper

• June 2006 Unit 6 Practical - Mark Scheme

• -

• January 2006

• January 2006 Unit 1 Atomic Structure, Bonding and Periodicity - Question Paper

• January 2006 Unit 1 Atomic Structure, Bonding and Periodicity - Mark Scheme

• January 2006 Unit 2 Foundation Physical and Inorganic Chemistry - Question Paper

• January 2006 Unit 2 Foundation Physical and Inorganic Chemistry - Mark Scheme

• January 2006 Unit 3 Introduction to Organic Chemistry - Question Paper

• January 2006 Unit 3 Introduction to Organic Chemistry - Mark Scheme

• January 2006 Unit 4 Further Physical and Organic Chemistry - Question Paper

• January 2006 Unit 4 Further Physical and Organic Chemistry - Mark Scheme

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