A Level 6. Period 4 Elements Survey GCE AS A2 inorganic revision notes KS5

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Advanced Level Inorganic Chemistry Periodic Table Revision Notes

Part 6.1 Revising Survey of individual elements of Period 4

A very brief description of each element in period 4 with links to more detailed notes.

For non–A level students ...

KS4 Science GCSE/IGCSE Periodic Table notes links

INORGANIC Part 6 Period 4 survey & group trends page sub–index: 6.1 Survey of Period 4 elements * 6.2 Period 4 element trends in physical properties * 6.3 Period 4 element trends in bonding, formulae and oxidation state * 6.4 Important element trends down a Group

6.1 Survey of Period 4 elements K to Kr (18 elements Z = 19 to 36)

Z = 19 Potassium in Group 1 Alkali Metals

Z = 20 Calcium in Group 2 Alkaline Earth Metals

Calcium's chemistry is almost identical to magnesium, a typical Alkaline Earth Metal
Links to other pages
- 6.4 Important element trends down a Group
- 7 Advanced level chemistry revision notes on s–block Group 2 Alkaline Earth Metals

Z = 21 Scandium in 3d–block

The first 3d block element, a typical hard high melting metal whose chemistry is dominated by the formation of the scandium(III) ion, Sc³⁺.
Links to other pages
- 6.4 Important element trends down a Group
- 10.3 Detailed advanced level chemistry revision notes on scandium
- 10.1–10.2 Advanced level chemistry introduction to the 3d block and Transition Metals

Z = 22 Titanium in 3d–block – Transition Element

Z = 23 Vanadium in 3d–block – Transition Element

Vanadium is a very typical transition metal, high density and high melting point, various oxidation states (+2 to +5) and its compounds have catalytic properties.
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Z = 24 Chromium in 3d–block – Transition Element

Chromium is a very typical transition metal, high density and high melting point, various oxidation states (+2, +3 and +6) and its many complex ions and compounds have a variety of colours.
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Z = 25 Manganese in 3d–block – Transition Element

Manganese is encountered as its oxide, manganese(IV) oxide which catalyses the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide and the purple ion manganate(VII). Its principal oxidation states are +2 and +7, but+4, +5 and +6 states are also known.
Links to other pages

Z = 26 Iron in 3d–block – Transition Element

Iron is a very typical transition metal, high density and high melting point, several important oxidation states (+2 and +3) and its use in numerous steel alloys.
Links to other pages

Z = 27 Cobalt in 3d–block – Transition Element

Cobalt is a very typical transition metal, high density and high melting point, several important oxidation states (+2 and +3) and its use in alloys and forms a variety of complex ions.
Links to other pages

Z = 28 Nickel in 3d–block – Transition Element

Nickel is also very typical transition metal, high density and high melting point, the most important oxidation state is +2 but +3 complexes are also known and is used in numerous alloys.
10.10 Detailed advanced level chemistry revision notes on nickel
10.1–10.2 Advanced level chemistry introduction to the 3d block and Transition Metals
KS4 Science GCSE/IGCSE notes on Transition Metals including mention of nickel

Z = 29 Copper in 3d–block – Transition Element

Copper is one of the most well known transition metals with two principal oxidation states (+1 and +2) and is characterised by the familiar and characteristic blue and green colour of copper(II) complex ions or compounds.
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Z = 30 Zinc in 3d–block element

Zinc is not a true transition metal but is the last member of the 3d block series. Its chemistry is dominated by the formation of zinc(II) compounds, its only oxidation state is +2 in compounds.
Links to other pages

Z = 31 Gallium in Group 3/13

Gallium is a soft bluish–white metal whose chemistry is a bit like that of aluminium
Links to other pages
- 6.4 Important element trends down a Group
- 8.1 Advanced Level Chemistry Revision Notes on p–block – Group 3/13

Z = 32 Germanium in Group 4/14

An important semi–metallic element in the semi–conductor industry for manufacturing computer chips and mobile phone technology.
Links to other pages
- 6.4 Important element trends down a Group
- 8.2 Advanced Level Chemistry Revision Notes on p–block – Group 4/14

Z = 33 Arsenic in Group 5/15

A semi–metallic element whose compounds are somewhat poisonous!
Links to other pages
- 6.4 Important element trends down a Group
- 8.3 Advanced Level Chemistry Revision Notes on p–block – Group 5/15

Z = 34 Selenium in Group 6/16

Z = 35 Bromine in Group 7/17 The Halogens

Bromine's chemistry is very similar to that of chlorine another of the Halogen elements.
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Z = 36 Krypton in Group 0/18 The Noble Gases

Krypton is very similar to Argon, another of the Noble Gases and has virtually no meaningful chemistry.
- Krypton(II) fluoride and krypton(IV) fluoride have been prepared.
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