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A Level Inorganic Chemistry Revision Notes: Periodic table: element electron configurations
Doc Brown's Advanced A Level Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry Periodic Table Revision Notes Part 2 Electronic structure, spectroscopy & ionisation energies, electron configurations of the elements for Z = 1 to 58 Section 2.3 Electron configurations for elements of atomic number Z = 1 to 56 Parts 2.1 to 2.2 should be read and studied first! Sub-index for this page
For GCSE, IGCSE and O Level chemistry students see ... GCSE/IGCSE/A level Atomic Structure Notes and GCSE/IGCSE Overview of Periodic Table notes |
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INORGANIC Part 2 sub–index: 2.1 The electronic basis of the modern Periodic Table 2.2 The electronic structure of atoms (including s p d f subshells/orbitals/notation) 2.3 Electron configurations of elements (Z = 1 to 56) (this page) 2.4 Electron configuration and the Periodic Table (this page) 2.5 Electron configuration of ions and oxidation states (this page) 2.6 Spectroscopy and the hydrogen spectrum 2.7 Evidence of quantum levels from ionisation energies Advanced Level Inorganic Chemistry Periodic Table Index * Part 1 Periodic Table history * Part 2 Electron configurations, spectroscopy, hydrogen spectrum, ionisation energies * Part 3 Period 1 survey H to He * Part 4 Period 2 survey Li to Ne * Part 5 Period 3 survey Na to Ar * Part 6 Period 4 survey K to Kr and important trends down a group * Part 7 s–block Groups 1/2 Alkali Metals/Alkaline Earth Metals * Part 8 p–block Groups 3/13 to 0/18 * Part 9 Group 7/17 The Halogens * Part 10 3d block elements & Transition Metal Series * Part 11 Group & Series data & periodicity plots * All 11 Parts have their own sub–indexes near the top of the pages 2.3 List of the Electronic Configuration of Elements 1 to 56 using the advanced notation What are the electron configuration (electron arrangement) of 1 Hydrogen, H 2 Helium, He 3 Lithium, Li 4 Beryllium, Be 5 Boron, B 6 Carbon, C v 7 Nitrogen, N 8 Oxygen, O 9 Fluorine, F 10 Neon, Ne 11 Sodium, Na 12 Magnesium, Mg 13 Aluminium, Al 14 Silicon, Si 15 Phosphorus, P 16 Sulfur, S 17 Chlorine, Cl 18 Argon, Ar 19 Potassium, K 20 Calcium, Ca 21 Scandium, Sc 22 Titanium, Ti 23 Vanadium, V 24 Chromium, Cr 25 Manganese, Mn 26 Iron, Fe 27 Cobalt, Co 28 Nickel, Ni 29 Copper, Cu 30 Zinc, Zn 31 Gallium, Ga 32 Germanium, Ge 33 Arsenic, As 34 Selenium, Se 35 Bromine, Br 36 Krypton, Kr 37 Rubidium, Rb 38 Strontium, Sr 39 Yttrium, Y 40 Zirconium, Zr 41 Niobium, Nb 42 Molybdenum, Mo 43 Technetium, Tc 44 Ruthenium, Ru 45 Rhodium, Rh 46 Palladium, Pd 47 Silver, Ag 48 Cadmium, Cd 49 Indium, In 50 Tin, Sn 51 Antimony, Sb 52 Tellurium, Te 53 Iodine, I 54 Xenon, Xe 55 Caesium, Cs 56 Barium, Ba 57 Lanthanum, La 58 Cerium, Ce YOU MUST STUDY Parts 2.1 and 2.2 before studying these next sections from 2.3 onwards – The rules of how to assign electrons in multi–electron atoms to the appropriate quantum levels were explained in section 2.2. The list below quotes the ground state electron configurations i.e. the lowest available state according to the Aufbau principle (previously described). The order of filling the electron levels is listed below and also indicated on the diagram below.
Energy level filling order up to Z = 56 is 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 4p (for Z = 1 to 36) then 5s 4d 5p 6s 4f/5d varies (for Z = 37 to 56) However, when writing out the electron configuration you must write them out in order of strict principal quantum with the accompanying s, p, d, f notation
The electron spin box diagrams can be used to show the full electronic structure e.g.
All based on the right-hand diagram More 'quantum level quirks'! A note on two anomalies in the 3d block, namely the transition metals chromium and copper:
2.4 Electron configuration and the Periodic Table Not all the elements are shown but the position of s, p, d and f blocks are shown and explained after the table It is an element's electron configuration that determines whether it is an s, p, d or f block element. Instead of 'simply' assigning an element to its group or series because of its chemical properties e.g. formula of similar compounds, we can now assign an element's position in the periodic table using its electron configuration. An s block element has one or two outer electrons i.e. ... s1 or ... s2 e.g. group 1 and group 2 metals (shown below) A p block element has 1-6 outer p electrons beyond the s2 orbital i.e. ... s2p1 to s2p6 e.g. group 3/13 across to group 0/18 (shown below) A d block element has 1 to 10 electrons in the outermost set of d orbitals i.e. ...d1 to ...d10 e.g. 3d block of Sc to Zn, 4d block Y to Cd (shown below)
An f block element has 1 to 14 electrons in the outermost set of f orbitals i.e. ...f1 to ...f14 e.g. Ce to Lu (NOT shown below) This partial periodic table relates an element's electron configuration to the element's position in the periodic table. You can then see the patterns between an atom's electron arrangement and the group, block or series the element belongs to.
2.5 Electronic configuration of ions and oxidation states How do you work out the electron arrangement of ions? How do you work out the electron configuration of ions? In what order to you remove electrons for positive ions? In what order do you add electrons for negative ions?
SPECTROSCOPY, the HYDROGEN SPECTRUM and IONISATION ENERGY PATTERNS is on a separate page now Exam Revision Tuition A Level Revision Guides for A Level Courses Examinations Revision Notes for GCE Advanced Level Theoretical Physical Chemistry A level Revision notes for GCE Advanced Subsidiary Level AS Advanced Level A2 IB Revise AQA GCE Chemistry OCR GCE Chemistry Edexcel GCE Chemistry Salters Chemistry CIE Chemistry, WJEC GCE AS A2 Chemistry, CCEA/CEA GCE AS A2 Chemistry revising courses for pre–university students (equal to US grade 11 and grade 12 and AP Honours/honors level courses) full spdf electronic configurations of elements for AQA AS chemistry, full spdf electronic configurations of elements for Edexcel A level AS chemistry, full spdf electronic configurations of elements for A level OCR AS chemistry A, full spdf electronic configurations of elements for OCR Salters AS chemistry B, full spdf electronic configurations of elements for AQA A level chemistry, full spdf electronic configurations of elements for A level Edexcel A level chemistry, full spdf electronic configurations of elements for OCR A level chemistry A, full spdf electronic configurations of elements for A level OCR Salters A level chemistry B full spdf electronic configurations of elements for US Honours grade 11 grade 12 full spdf electronic configurations of elements for pre-university chemistry courses pre-university A level revision notes for full spdf electronic configurations of elements A level guide notes on full spdf electronic configurations of elements for schools colleges academies science course tutors images pictures diagrams for full spdf electronic configurations of elements A level chemistry revision notes on full spdf electronic configurations of elements for revising module topics notes to help on understanding of full spdf electronic configurations of elements university courses in science careers in science jobs in the industry laboratory assistant apprenticeships technical internships USA US grade 11 grade 11 AQA A level chemistry notes on full spdf electronic configurations of elements Edexcel A level chemistry notes on full spdf electronic configurations of elements for OCR A level chemistry notes WJEC A level chemistry notes on full spdf electronic configurations of elements CCEA/CEA A level chemistry notes on full spdf electronic configurations of elements for university entrance examinations keywords–notation: What is the electron arrangement configuration of 1 Hydrogen, H ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 2 Helium, He ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 3 Lithium, Li ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 4 Beryllium, Be ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 5 Boron, B ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 6 Carbon, C ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 7 Nitrogen, N ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 8 Oxygen, O ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 9 Fluorine, F ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 10 Neon, Ne ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 11 Sodium, Na ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 12 Magnesium, Mg ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 13 Aluminium, Al ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 14 Silicon, Si ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 15 Phosphorus, P ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 16 Sulfur, S ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 17 Chlorine, Cl ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 18 Argon, Ar ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 19 Potassium, K ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 20 Calcium, Ca ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 21 Scandium, Sc ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 22 Titanium, Ti ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 23 Vanadium, V ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 24 Chromium, Cr ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 25 Manganese, Mn ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 26 Iron, Fe ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 27 Cobalt, Co ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 28 Nickel, Ni ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 29 ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of Copper, Cu ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 30 Zinc, Zn ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 31 Gallium, Ga ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 32 Germanium, Ge ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 33 Arsenic, As ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 34 Selenium, Se ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 35 Bromine, Br ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 36 Krypton, Kr ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 37 Rubidium, Rb ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 38 Strontium, Sr ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 39 Yttrium, Y ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 40 Zirconium, Zr ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 41 Niobium, Nb ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 42 Molybdenum, Mo ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 43 Technetium, Tc ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 44 Ruthenium, Ru ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 45 Rhodium, Rh ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 46 Palladium, Pd ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 47 Silver, Ag ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 48 Cadmium, Cd ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 49 Indium, In ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 50 Tin, Sn ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 51 ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of Antimony, Sb ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 52 Tellurium, Te ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 53 Iodine, I ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 54 Xenon, Xe ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 55 Caesium, Cs ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 56 Barium, Ba ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 57 Lanthanum, La ? What is the electron arrangement configuration of 58 Cerium, Ce ? 1s1 1s2 1s22s1 1s22s2 1s22s22p1 1s22s22p2 1s22s22p3 1s22s22p4 1s22s22p5 1s22s22p6 1s22s22p63s1 1s22s22p63s2 1s22s22p63s23p1 1s22s22p63s23p2 1s22s22p63s23p3 1s22s22p63s23p4 1s22s22p63s23p5 1s22s22p63s23p6 1s22s22p63s23p64s1 1s22s22p63s23p64s2 1s22s22p63s23p63d14s2 1s22s22p63s23p63d24s2 1s22s22p63s23p63d34s2 1s22s22p63s23p63d54s1 1s22s22p63s23p63d54s2 1s22s22p63s23p63d64s2 1s22s22p63s23p63d74s2 1s22s22p63s23p63d84s2 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s1 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s2 [Ar]3d104s24p1 [Ar]3d104s24p2 [Ar]3d104s24p3 [Ar]3d104s24p4 [Ar]3d104s24p5 [Ar]3d104s24p6 [Kr]5s1 [Kr]5s2 [Kr]4d15s2 [Kr]4d25s2 [Kr]4d45s1 [Kr]4d5s1 [Kr]4d55s2 [Kr]4d75s1 [Kr]4d85s1 [Kr]4d10 [Kr]4d105s1 [Kr]4d105s2 [Kr]4d105s25p1 [Kr]4d105s25p2 [Kr]4d105s25p3 [Kr]4d105s25p4 [Kr]4d105s25p5 [Kr]4d105s25p6 [Xe]6s1 [Xe]6s2 [Xe]5d16s2 [Xe]4f26s2 chemistry revision notes electron configuration of elements AS AQA GCE A level chemistry electron configuration of elements AS Edexcel GCE A level chemistry electron configuration of elements AS OCR GCE A level chemistry electron configuration of elements AS Salters GCE A level chemistry electron configuration of elements US grades 11 & 12 chemistry electron configuration of elements notes for revising electron configuration of elements spdf electronic configuration for element 1 Hydrogen, H ? spdf electronic configuration for element 2 Helium, He ? spdf electronic configuration for element 3 Lithium, Li ? spdf electronic configuration for element 4 Beryllium, Be ? spdf electronic configuration for element 5 Boron, B ? spdf electronic configuration for element 6 Carbon, C ? spdf electronic configuration for element 7 Nitrogen, N ? spdf electronic configuration for element 8 Oxygen, O ? spdf electronic configuration for element 9 Fluorine, F ? spdf electronic configuration for element 10 Neon, Ne ? spdf electronic configuration for element 11 Sodium, Na ? spdf electronic configuration for element 12 Magnesium, Mg ? spdf electronic configuration for element 13 Aluminium, Al ? spdf electronic configuration for element 14 Silicon, Si ? spdf electronic configuration for element 15 Phosphorus, P ? spdf electronic configuration for element 16 Sulfur, S ? spdf electronic configuration for element 17 Chlorine, Cl ? spdf electronic configuration for element 18 Argon, Ar ? spdf electronic configuration for element 19 Potassium, K ? spdf electronic configuration for element 20 Calcium, Ca ? spdf electronic configuration for element 21 Scandium, Sc ? spdf electronic configuration for element 22 Titanium, Ti ? spdf electronic configuration for element 23 Vanadium, V ? spdf electronic configuration for element 24 Chromium, Cr ? spdf electronic configuration for element 25 Manganese, Mn ? spdf electronic configuration for element 26 Iron, Fe ? spdf electronic configuration for element 27 Cobalt, Co ? spdf electronic configuration for element 28 Nickel, Ni ? spdf electronic configuration for element 29 ? spdf electronic configuration for element Copper, Cu ? spdf electronic configuration for element 30 Zinc, Zn ? spdf electronic configuration for element 31 Gallium, Ga ? spdf electronic configuration for element 32 Germanium, Ge ? spdf electronic configuration for element 33 Arsenic, As ? spdf electronic configuration for element 34 Selenium, Se ? spdf electronic configuration for element 35 Bromine, Br ? spdf electronic configuration for element 36 Krypton, Kr ? spdf electronic configuration for element 37 Rubidium, Rb ? spdf electronic configuration for element 38 Strontium, Sr ? spdf electronic configuration for element 39 Yttrium, Y ? spdf electronic configuration for element 40 Zirconium, Zr ? spdf electronic configuration for element 41 Niobium, Nb ? spdf electronic configuration for element 42 Molybdenum, Mo ? spdf electronic configuration for element 43 Technetium, Tc ? spdf electronic configuration for element 44 Ruthenium, Ru ? spdf electronic configuration for element 45 Rhodium, Rh ? spdf electronic configuration for element 46 Palladium, Pd ? spdf electronic configuration for element 47 Silver, Ag ? spdf electronic configuration for element 48 Cadmium, Cd ? spdf electronic configuration for element 49 Indium, In ? spdf electronic configuration for element 50 Tin, Sn ? spdf electronic configuration for element 51 ? spdf electronic configuration for element Antimony, Sb ? spdf electronic configuration for element 52 Tellurium, Te ? spdf electronic configuration for element 53 Iodine, I ? spdf electronic configuration for element 54 Xenon, Xe ? spdf electronic configuration for element 55 Caesium, Cs ? spdf electronic configuration for element 56 Barium, Ba ? spdf electronic configuration for element 57 Lanthanum, La ? spdf electronic configuration for element 58 Cerium, Ce |
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