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The Structure & Nomenclature (naming) of Carboxylic Acids and their Derivatives GCE-AS-A2-IB ADVANCED LEVEL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Allow time for graphic images/diagrams/pictures to download © Dr W P Brown organic identity tests * summary of functional groups and homologous series multiple choice quiz naming on RCOOH's & derivatives type in name quiz on RCOOH's and derivatives page sub-index: Acid .. Chloride .. Amide .. Ester .. Anhydride .. Substituted Acids (i) mono carboxylic acids and their derivatives (ii) aliphatic saturated/unsaturated dicarboxylic acids (iii) aromatic acids and their derivatives
(i) Examples of mono carboxylic acids and their derivatives In order of 1. methanoic, 2. ethanoic, 3. propanoic, 4. butanoic, 5. pentanoic, 6. hexanoic and some 'old' names are quoted. 1a. methanoic Acid
(formic acid), 1b. methanamide
(formamide), 1c. methyl methanoate
(methyl formate), 1d. ethyl methanoate , 1e. propyl methanoate , 2a. ethanoic acid
(acetic acid), 2b. ethanoyl chloride
(acetyl chloride), 2c. ethanamide
(acetamide), 2d. ethanoic anhydride
(acetic anhydride), 2e. methyl ethanoate
(methyl acetate), 2f. ethyl ethanoate
(ethyl acetate), 2g. propyl ethanoate , 2h. phenyl ethanoate ,
CH3COOC6H5
, 2i. chloroethanoic acid
(chloroacetic acid), 2j. aminoethanoic acid , 3a. propanoic acid
(propionic acid), 3b. propanoyl chloride , 3c. propanamide
(propionamide), 3d. propanoic anhydride , 3e. methyl propanoate
(methyl propionate), 3f. ethyl propanoate , 3g. propyl propanoate , 3h. 2-chloropropanoic acid , 3i. 3-chloropropanoic acid , 3j. 2-aminopropanoic acid , 3k. 3-aminopropanoic acid , 3l. 2-methylpropanoic acid , 3m. propenoic acid (acrylic acid), CH2=CH-COOH, an unsaturated mono carboxylic acid 4a. butanoic acid
(butyric acid), 4b. butanoyl chloride , 4c. butanamide , 4d. butanoic anhydride , 4e. methyl butanoate
(methyl butyrate), 4f. ethyl butanoate , 4g. propyl butanoate , 4h. butyl butanoate , 4i. 2-methylbutanoic acid , 4j. 3-methylbutanoic acid , 4k. 2-hydroxybutanoic acid , 4l 3-hydroxybutanoic acid , 4m 4-hydroxybutanoic acid , 4n 2-chlorobutanoic acid , 4o 3-chlorobutanoic acid , 4p 4-chlorobutanoic acid , 5a. pentanoic acid , 5b. pentanoyl chloride , 5c. pentanamide , 5d. pentanoic anhydride , 5e. methyl pentanoate , 5f. ethyl pentanoate , 5g. propyl pentanoate , 5h. butyl pentanoate , 5i. 2-methylpentanoic acid , 5j. 3-methylpentanoic acid , 5k. 4-methylpentanoic acid , 5l. 2-ethylpentanoic acid , 5m. 3-ethylpentanoic acid , 6a. hexanoic acid , 6b. 2-methylhexanoic acid , 6c. 3-methylhexanoic acid , 6d. 4-methylhexanoic acid , 6e. 5-methylhexanoic acid , 6f. 2-ethylhexanoic acid , 6g. 3-ethylhexanoic acid , 6h. 4-ethylhexanoic acid , (ii)(a) Examples of aliphatic saturated dicarboxylic acids 1. ethanedioic acid (oxalic acid), 2. propanedioic acid (malonic acid), 3. butanedioic acid
(succinic acid), (ii)(b) Examples of aliphatic unsaturated dicarboxylic acids 1. But-2-ene-1,4-dioic acid, HOOC-CH=CH-COOH, which has the geometrical isomers cis-but-2-ene-1,4-dioic acid,
(maleic acid)
and trans-but-2-ene-1,4-dioic acid, (fumaric
acid) 2. more details on geometrical isomerisim of these acids (iii) Examples of aromatic acids and their derivatives The -COOH is directly attached to the benzene ring 1. 2. 3. 4a. 4b. 4c. 4d.
C6H5COOC6H5
, 5a. 5b. 5c. 5d. 5e. 6a. 6b. 6c.
for studying revising tutoring teaching Advanced Level GCE AS A2 IB
CHEMISTRY courses in unofficial support the Chemistry in any advanced-subsidiary
AQA, EDEXCEL, OCR, CIE, WJEC, SQA and CCEA (NI) UK or Cambridge/London/Edexcel
International and OCR/CIE International examinations * Copyright © Dr W P Brown 2000-2008 All rights reserved including the revision notes pages, quizzes, worksheets etc. * Doc Brown's Chemistry Clinic * www.docbrown.info/ * |
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docbrcoohderivs updated 28th May 2008 |
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