Doc Brown's Chemistry  GCSE/IGCSE Science-Chemistry Revision Notes

NaOH + HCl ===> NaCl + H₂O

See also Advanced Level Chemistry Students Acid-Base Revision Notes - use index

9. Further examples of word and symbol equations for salt preparations

i.e. reactions of oxides, hydroxides or carbonates with acids

where it says similar, you can just change the metal name/symbol

These reactions apply to the salt making methods (a) & (b) described in section 6.

and also a word/symbol equation worksheet questions with answers

1a. copper(II) carbonate + sulphuric acid ==> copper(II) sulphate + water + carbon dioxide

reaction used in salt preparation method b

1b. CuCO_3(s) + H₂SO_4(aq) ==> CuSO_4(aq) + H₂O_(l) + CO_2(g)

1c. Similar for many other Group 2 and Transition metal carbonates e.g. Mg, Ca and Fe, Co, Ni, Zn

2a. magnesium hydroxide + hydrochloric acid ==> magnesium chloride + water

reaction used in salt preparation method b

2b. Mg(OH)_2(s) + 2HCl_(aq) ==> MgCl_2(aq) + 2H₂O_(l)

2c. Similar for many other Group 2 and Transition metal hydroxides  e.g. Ca, Sr, Ba and Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn

3a. zinc + sulphuric acid ==> zinc sulphate + hydrogen

reaction used in salt preparation method b

3b. Zn_(s) + H₂SO_4(aq) ==> ZnSO_4(aq) + H_2(g)

3c. Similar for many other Group 2 and Transition metals e.g. Mg, Ca and Fe, Co, Ni

4a. ammonia + nitric acid ==> ammonium nitrate

reaction used in salt preparation method a

4b. NH_3(aq) + HNO_3(aq) ==> NH₄NO_3(aq)

5a. zinc oxide + hydrochloric acid ==> zinc chloride + water

reaction used in salt preparation method b

5b. ZnO_(s) + 2HCl_(aq) ==> ZnCl_2(aq) + H₂O_(l)

5c. Similar for many other Group 2 and Transition metal oxides  e.g. Mg, Ca, Ba and Co, Ni, Cu

6a. calcium carbonate + hydrochloric acid ==> calcium chloride + water + carbon dioxide

reaction used in salt preparation method b

6b. CaCO_3(s) + 2HCl_(aq) ==> CaCl_2(aq)+ H₂O_(l) + CO_2(g)

6c. Similar for many other Group 2 and Transition metal carbonates e.g. Mg, Sr, Ba and Ni, Co, Zn

7a. sodium carbonate + hydrochloric acid ==> sodium chloride + water + carbon dioxide

reaction used in salt preparation method a

7b. Na₂CO_3(s) + 2HCl_(aq) ==> 2NaCl_(aq) + H₂O_(l) + CO_2(g)

8a. potassium hydroxide + hydrobromic acid ==> potassium bromide + water

reaction used in salt preparation method a

8b. KOH_(aq) + HBr_(aq) ==> KBr_(aq) + H₂O_(l)

8c. Its the same for any Group 1 Alkali Metal hydroxide e.g. LiOH, NaOH, RbOH etc. and other Group 7 halogen acids e.g. HCl hydrochloric acid.

9a. sodium hydrogencarbonate + hydrochloric acid ==> sodium chloride + water + carbon dioxide

9b. NaHCO_3(s) + HCl_(aq) ==> NaCl_(aq) + H₂O_(l) + CO_2(g)  

9c Note that hydrogencarbonate is commonly known as 'bicarbonate'.

9d. Its the same for any Group 1 Alkali Metal hydrogencarbonate  e.g. for Li, K etc.

• Multiple choice revision quizzes and other worksheets

• GCSE/IGCSE foundation-easier multiple choice quiz on pH, Indicators, Acids, Bases, Neutralisation and Salts

• GCSE/IGCSE higher-harder multiple choice quiz on pH, Indicators, Acids, Bases, Neutralisation and Salts

• GCSE/IGCSE Structured question worksheet on Acid Reaction word equations and symbol equation questions

•  Word equation answers and symbol equation answers)

• GCSE/IGCSE word-fill worksheet on Acids, Bases, Neutralisation and Salts

• GCSE/IGCSE matching pair quiz on Acids, Bases, Salts and pH

• See also Advanced Level Chemistry Students Acid-Base Revision Notes - use index