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Brown's Chemistry
- Alphabetical Index
C
A
B C D
E F
G H I J K L M
N O P
Q R
S T
U V W
X Y Z *1st time user notes
C...
caesium/cesium, Cs, in Group 1 The Alkali Metals:
GCSE-data-properties-chemical reactions-uses :
GCSE-reactivity-reactions involving oxygen/water/acids/displacement
: ADVANCED detailed notes s-block Gp 1/2
elements/compounds : ADVANCED data-graphs Gps 1/2 :
ADVANCED element data
:
calamine/Smithsonite ore (zinc carbonate) :
GCSE effect of heating/zinc metal
extraction :
calamine lotion :
GCSE use in sting treatment
:
calcium and compounds, Ca, in Group 2 :
GCSE-reactivity-reactions involving oxygen/water/acids/displacement
: ADVANCED detailed notes s-block Gp 1/2
elements/compounds : ADVANCED data-graphs Gps 1/2 :
ADVANCED data :
calcium carbonate, CaCO3(s),(occurs as limestone
rock) : GCSE limestone
chemistry-uses-decomposition by heat :
GCSE-ADVANCED (basic) rate of reaction with acid :
GCSE reversible thermal decomposition :
GCSE carbonate-acid reaction :
KS3-GCSE limestone formation : ADVANCED
detailed Group 2 compound notes : ADVANCED use in volumetric
titrations :
calcium chloride, CaCl2(s)
: GCSE-AS ionic bonding : GCSE
electrolysis of molten salt :
calcium hydroxide,
slaked lime, Ca(OH)2 :
GCSE formation from
lime
calcium oxide,
lime, quicklime, CaO(s)
: GCSE Quicklime
manufacture-uses :
GCSE-ADVANCED (basic)
bonding-structure-properties :
calculations - chemical
: GCSE-ADVANCED (basic) USE INDEX - lots of examples
and quizzes for reacting masses, formulae, gas
volumes, molarity, titrations, electrolysis, %yield, purity, dilution etc. : GCSE-ADVANCED
(basic)
Bond energy calculations :
GCSE-AS water of crystallisation : ADVANCED
acid-base titrations :
ADVANCED redox titrations : ADVANCED
equilibrium (need to check the various sub-index in Parts 2, 3, 4, 5
and 6 : ADVANCED relative atomic
mass by mass spectrometry
calculations - half-life/radioactivity
: GCSE-AS definition and
calculations e.g. carbon-14 archaeological dating/K-Ar rock dating :
 californium, Cf :
calorimeter :
GCSE experimental method/calculation for
measuring energy changes : ADVANCED thermodynamics Part 1 thermochemistry - enthalpies of reaction,
formation, combustion :
cancer :
GCSE-AS dangers of radioactivity :
Cannizzaro
reaction : ADVANCED examples :
carbocation
: ADVANCED explained in
organic chemistry :
carbohydrates
- natural molecules :
GCSE structure :
carbon-14 isotope (14C, radiocarbon) dating
: GCSE-GCE Dating by radioactive
isotope decay :
carbon, C : GCSE-ADVANCED (basic) use in extracting metals
from ores e.g. iron :
GCSE use in steel making : GCSE
position and group in periodic table :
GCSE-AS diamond/graphite/fullerenes-bonding-properties :
GCSE-ADVANCED (basic)
burning oil products-hydrocarbon-fossil fuels-incomplete combustion,
soot pollution :
carbon dioxide, CO2(g) :
Test for :
CO2 gas
preparation and collection : GCSE
Greenhouse effect, causes, effects and what we can do? :
GCSE more on CO2/temperature
data graphs and discussion points : GCSE-AS
covalent molecule-bonding :
ADVANCED molecule shape, bond angle, dot & cross electronic diagram :
carbon fibres-graphite: CARBON FIBRES
:
carbon monoxide, CO(g)
: KS3-GCSE-AS dangers/air pollution
from gas fires/motor vehicles-incomplete combustion :
GCSE-AS extraction of iron :
carbon nanotubes :
Nanochemistry - carbon nanotubes :
See also Bonding notes :
carbonated
water/'carbonic acid' : GCSE
formation and use :
carbonates/carbonate ion,
CO32- :
ADVANCED shape-bond angle, dot & cross
diagram :
Test for
carbonates
: KS3-GCSE reaction with acids
: GCSE heat-thermal
decomposition-limestone : ADVANCED carbonates & hydrogen carbonates
:
carbonic acid/carbonated
water : see above
carboxylic acids (alkanoic acids)
(and derivatives) :
GCSE extra organic chemistry : ADVANCED
structure and naming of acids and derivatives :
ADVANCED aromatic-structure-naming :
ADVANCED summary of functional group/homologous series structure :
ADVANCED naming m/c Quiz :
ADVANCED type in name Quiz : ADVANCED intermolecular forces and boiling points of carboxylic acids compared to
other organic molecules, dimer and hydrogen bonding :
ADVANCED solubility of carboxylic
acids (Equilibria section 8.7) :
catalysts/catalysis
- rates of reaction : GCSE-ADVANCED (basic) notes
: GCSE-ADVANCED (basic) chemical energy changes
: GCSE-ADVANCED (basic) uses of Transition
Metals : ADVANCED
theory of heterogeneous/homogeneous/poisoning examples
: ADVANCED chemical equilibrium rules
and Le Chatelier's Principle :
catalytic converter/mechanisms
: KS3-GCSE-AS as type
of reaction : KS3-GCSE-AS
reducing air pollution from motor vehicles : ADVANCED
catalytic mechanisms :
cathode - negative electrode
: GCSE-ADVANCED (basic)
introduction to electrolysis and links to uses :
cations
: Ionic Bonding :
Qualitative tests for
cations : in
electrolysis :
CCEA/CEA exam board (NI)
: GCSE Science-Chemistry
support-help links :
cells
- biology : GCSE-AS damage from
radioactivity :
cells/batteries - chemistry
:
GCSE-ADVANCED (basic) simple battery design and explanation : GCSE
fuel cell :
GCSE-AS
electrolysis examples : ADVANCED
the principles of cells-batteries explained (use top 7. sub-index) :
cellulose
: GCSE structure
:
cement :
GCSE manufacture :
centrifuges/centrifuging :
separation technique
explained with examples of uses :
ceramics :
GCSE use of transition metal oxides as glazing colours :
cerium, Ce :
cesium : see
caesium
above
CFCs
(chlorofluorocarbons) :
GCSE-ADVANCED (basic) CFC's - ozone destruction :
ADVANCED structure- naming :
chain
isomerism
: ADVANCED detailed notes-examples
of chain, positional, functional group isomerism and tautomerism
:
:
chain reaction
: GCSE-AS nuclear fission : ADVANCED
explained for organic mechanisms : ADVANCED free radical reaction mechanisms -
alkanes cracking and chlorination :
chalk
- sedimentary rock : GCSE
formation :
charge -
electrical : GCSE-AS sub-atomic
particles : GCSE on
ions-working out formula :
Charles's Law: GCSE-ADVANCED explained
- gas calculations :
chemical bonding
- covalent (small molecule, giant, polymers), ionic and metals-alloys
: GCSE-ADVANCED (basic) detailed notes on
ionic/covalent/metallic bonding (use sub-indexes)
chemical
change/reaction
: GCSE-KS3
explained-examples
:
chemical
economics : GCSE
comments on factors and examples :
GCSE-ADVANCED (basic) manufacture of ammonia :
GCSE-ADVANCED (basic) extraction of metals :
chemical
equations :
KS3-GCSE-ADVANCED (basic) explained-examples
:
chemical
equilibrium : GCSE introduction and
rules : ADVANCED detailed notes pages
on molecular, ionic and redox equilibria and calculation :
chemical
factory/works:
GCSE-ADVANCED (basic) Location considerations, running costs, environmental
factors :
chemical formula
of
... :
KS3-GCSE-ADVANCED (basic) examples explained :
chemical
reactions/properties of
... : GCSE Group 1 Alkali
metals : GCSE Group 7 Halogens
: GCSE Transition metals
: GCSE Acids and Alkalis :
GCSE metals-reactivity series : ADVANCED
s-block Groups 1-2 detailed notes :
chemical
reactions - types of ...
: KS3-GCSE-ADVANCED
(basic)
various types of reaction :
chemical test
for? :
KS3-GCSE-ADVANCED test index :
chemisorption :
ADVANCED heterogeneous catalyst theory-uses :
chemistry - KS3
: KS3 science quiz index :
KS3 biology Q's : KS3 chemistry Q's
: KS3 physics Q's : KS3
integrated science Q's
chiral
auxiliaries/auxiliary synthesis :
ADVANCED detailed notes-examples :
chirality-optical isomerism-R/S stereoisomerism
: ADVANCED detailed
notes-examples of chiral molecules, R/S isomerism, optical isomerism,
enantiomerism :
ADVANCED optical isomer Q :
chlorate(III) ion, ClO2- (chlorite ion)
: ADVANCED shape-bond angle, dot &
cross diagram :
chlorate(V) ion, ClO3- (chlorate ion) :
ADVANCED shape-bond angle, dot & cross diagram :
chlorate(VII) ion, ClO4- (perchlorate
ion) : ADVANCED shape-bond angle,
dot & cross diagram :
chlorides, Cl-
(bromides, fluorides, iodides) :
GCSE-ADVANCED (basic) general chemistry, properties, uses : GCSE
bonding/properties of compounds -
ionic
or covalent : ADVANCED -estimation with
silver nitrate titration Q's :
Test for
chloride ion :
chlorination
: ADVANCED alkane free
radical substitution reaction mechanisms :
ADVANCED aromatic
electrophilic substitution mechanisms : :
chlorine and
compounds, Cl, Cl2(g)
in Group 7 The Halogens :
GCSE-data-properties-chemical reactions-uses :
Cl2
gas preparation and collection :
GCSE reaction
with alkanes :
ADVANCED -data :
GCSE-AS molecule-bonding :
ADVANCED chlorination alkanes :
ADVANCED chlorination aromatics
: ADVANCED redox reactions with NaOH :
chloroalkanes
(haloalkanes, halogenoalkanes, e.g. alkyl halides, RX, X=Cl, Br, I) :
GCSE - formation : ADVANCED structure and naming
: ADVANCED tests for :
ADVANCED naming m/c Quiz :
ADVANCED type in name Quiz : Tests
for halogenoalkanes/haloalkanes/alkyl halides :
chloroalkenes
: ADVANCED structure and naming
:
chloroaromatics
: ADVANCED structure naming :
chloromethane, CH3Cl(g)
: GCSE-AS covalent molecule-bonding
:
chloroethane
: ADVANCED intermolecular forces and boiling point of organic compounds :
cholesterol
: GCSE short
note on this steroid :
chromatography
: GCSE-KS3
paper/thin layer explained-examples
: AS-GCSE
paper/thin layer analysis-organic chemistry : GCSE-AS
gas-liquid chromatography - diagram and analysis explained :
chromium, Cr
: GCSE-properties-uses-Transition Metals
: GCSE-position in periodic table :
GCSE use in stainless steel
: GCSE-AS extraction :
GCSE-ADVANCED data : ADVANCED detailed notes
3d-block Transition Metals :
ADVANCED Chromium :
chromium(III) compounds
: ADVANCED oxidation
to Cr(VI) :
ADVANCED detailed notes chromium 3d-block
Transition Metals :
chromogenic materials : Smart
materials - CHROMOGENIC
MATERIALS
cis/trans geometrical isomerism :
ADVANCED defined and lots of
examples described :
cis-platin
: ADVANCED isomerism/anti-cancer drug
:
CIE Cambridge International exam
board
: GCSE/IGCSE Science-Chemistry support-help
links :
citric acid
: GCSE mention and
structure
:
climate change/global
warming/Greenhouse effect :
GCSE Greenhouse effect, causes, effects and what we can do? :
GCSE more on CO2/temperature
data graphs and discussion points :
coal
- sedimentary rock : KS3-GCSE
rock formation-fossil fuel : GCSE-fossil fuel notes :
cobalt, Co
: GCSE-notes-transition metals :
GCSE-position in periodic table :
GCSE-ADVANCED data :
ADVANCED Co(II) ions-homogeneous
catalysis : ADVANCED detailed
notes 3d-block Transition Metals :
ADVANCED Cobalt :
cobalt(II) compounds :
ADVANCED oxidation to Co(III) :
ADVANCED detailed notes cobalt 3d-block
Transition Metals :
combinatorial chemistry
: ADVANCED - definition and examples of
combinatorial chemistry :
co-enzymes/cofactors :
ADVANCED enzyme function :
coke - impure
carbon : GCSE-AS extraction of
iron :
collision
particle theory : KS3-GCSE-ADVANCED
(basic)
gas pressure theory : GCSE-ADVANCED (basic)
explaining rates of reaction factors : ADVANCED
theory :
colloidal clay
: GCSE in water
:
colloids :
GCSE explained-examples and types :
colorimetry/colorimeter:
ADVANCED Use in analysis and determining formula of a transition metal ion
complex :
colour :
ADVANCED Electron configuration & colour theory
:
combinational chemistry-autosynthesis
:
ADVANCED organic synthesis :
combining
power of elements
(valency/valencies) :
GCSE-AS covalent/ ionic explained-examples :
GCSE-ADVANCED (basic) covalent and ionic bonding :
combustion-burning
:
KS3-GCSE-AS as type of
reaction (complete/incomplete/slow/fast/explosive/spontaneous) : GCSE oil product
fuels : GCSE
extra organic chemistry :
common ion effect
: ADVANCED in Part 4 Equilibria
Notes :
'common table
salt' : see sodium chloride :
competitive
inhibition/inhibitors
:
ADVANCED enzyme-structure-function :
complete
combustion
: KS3-GCSE-ADVANCED (basic)
burning oil products-hydrocarbon-fossil fuels :
complex
ion/'complexes' : ADVANCED shapes
and bond angles of transition metal complexes :
composition by
mass,
: GCSE-AS definition-%
composition examples-Quiz :
compounds :
GCSE-KS3 explained-examples
: KS3 quiz on
atoms/elements/compounds/mixtures :
compressibility factor (z):
ADVANCED ideal & non-ideal real gas behaviour z = PV/nRT equation :
concentrated ...
: GCSE sulphuric acid, H2SO4(l)
:
concentration : GCSE-ADVANCED
(basic)
calculations notes-examples-quizzes : GCSE-ADVANCED
(basic)
rates of reaction factor :
ADVANCED chemical equilibrium rules and Le Chatelier's Principle :
concrete :
GCSE manufacture :
condensation
(physical state change) and
boiling=condensation point :
KS3-GCSE explained : KS3-GCSE
in distillation :
GCSE removal of temporary hardness :
Group 1 Alkali Metal data :
Group 2 Alkaline Earth Metal data :
Group 0 Noble Gas data : Group 7
Halogen data : Transition Metal data
(Sc-Zn, 3d block) :
condensation
polymerisation :
GCSE-AS as type of reaction : Extra Organic : bonding :
conduction/conductivity of ... :
KS3-GCSE metal properties :
GCSE ionic melts/solutions :
GCSE-AS theory of heat/electrical conduction of metals :
conjugate
acid/base : ADVANCED theory of
acids and bases (also use sub-index near top of page) :
conservation of
mass/reacting mass calculations :
KS3-GCSE basic idea explained
:
GCSE-AS basic examples-calculations-Quiz :
Contact Process
for making sulphuric acid :
KS3-GCSE-AS as type of reaction :
GCSE-ADVANCED (basic) full details of process :
continental drift
- plate tectonics : GCSE
Earth Science notes :
continuous deposition of rock sediment
: GCSE sedimentary rocks
:
continuous/batch process
(chemical industry) :
GCSE-ADVANCED (basic idea) explained-examples :
cooling/heating curves - state changes
: KS3-GCSE graphs explained : GCSE
states m/c Quiz :
copper, Cu
: GCSE-reactivity-reactions
involving oxygen/water/acids/displacement
: GCSE-properties-uses-Transition Metals
: GCSE-AS
extraction-electrolysis-purification
: ADVANCED data :
ADVANCED heterogeneous catalyst :
ADVANCED detailed notes 3d-block Transition Metals :
ADVANCED notes Copper :
copper(I)
ion/compounds :
ADVANCED redox theory of disproportionation to Cu(0) + Cu(II)
: ADVANCED detailed notes copper 3d-block
Transition Metals :
copper(II) ion/compounds :
ADVANCED oxidation of iodide :
ADVANCED detailed notes copper 3d-block
Transition Metals :
copper(II)
sulphate (hydrated), CuSO4.5H2O(s)
: GCSE reversible reaction
- thermal
decomposition :
core of Earth
: GCSE Earth science - geology
notes :
corrosion of
metals
:
GCSE chemistry of iron rusting and its prevention :
corrosive
: KS3-GCSE
hazard warning sign/symbol :
cosmetics :
cosmetics
as an example of the science of formulation chemistry :
costs
: GCSE manufacturing
chemicals : GCSE extracting
metals :
coulomb
: GCSE-AS unit of electric charge -
electrolysis calculations :
coursework - some useful on-site links :
GCSE rates of reaction ideas : AS
Salters Open Book : ADVANCED kinetics - advanced rates of reactions notes :
ADVANCED theory of enzyme structure and function :
covalency
: GCSE
explained-examples
: GCSE-ADVANCED (basic) detailed notes :
covalent bonding
: GCSE-ADVANCED (basic) detailed notes : ADVANCED
molecule shape : ADVANCED
in
protein-enzyme structure :
cracking - a thermal decomposition process
: KS3-GCSE-AS as type
of reaction : GCSE-ADVANCED
(basic)
products from in oil industry : GCSE-AS
demonstration experiment : ADVANCED
free radical/ionic reaction mechanisms :
ADVANCED heterogeneous catalyst-uses :
critical values of temperature and pressure :
ADVANCED non-ideal real gas behaviour &
Van der Waals equation :
crude oil
: GCSE-ADVANCED (basic) origin and
useful products :
crust of Earth
: GCSE Earth science - geology
notes :
cryolite
: GCSE-AS mineral used in
electrolytic extraction of aluminium :
crystallisation
: GCSE
crystallization-explained-examples
: GCSE-AS
water of crystallisation in salts :
curie :
unit of radioactivity :
curium, Cm :
cyclo
- see individual types of compound below ...
cycloalcohols/non-cyclic
alcohols : ADVANCED structure and naming
:
cycloalkanes/non-cyclic alkanes : ADVANCED
structure and naming :
ADVANCED geometrical isomerism :
ADVANCED naming m/c Quiz :
ADVANCED type in name Quiz :
cycloalkenes/non-cyclic alkenes
: ADVANCED structure and naming :
cyclohalogenoalkanes
(cyclo alkyl halides, and non-cyclo haloalkanes) :
ADVANCED structure and naming :
D
alphabetical index page
A
B C D
E F
G H I J K L M
N O P
Q R
S T
U V W
X Y Z *1st time user notes
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